Plant Sciences - Science topic

Living organisms use both chemical and mechanical stimuli to survive in their environment. Substrate-borne vibrations play a significant role in mediating behaviors in animals and inducing physiological responses in plants, leading to the emergence of the discipline of biotremology. Biotremology is experiencing rapid growth both in fundamental rese...

ABSTRAK Laboratorium Botani adalah fasilitas yang dilengkapi dengan alat dan bahan untuk mempelajari berbagai aspek tumbuhan seperti melakukan kajian anatomi tumbuhan, taksonomi tumbuhan, morfologi tumbuhan, dan eksperimen dalam bidang fisiologi tumbuhan. Di Laboratorium Botani, guru dan siswa dapat melakukan berbagai eksperimen sederhana yang meny...

Interdisciplinarity is used to integrate and synthesize new research directions between scientific domains, but it is not the only means by which to generate novelty by bringing diverse perspectives together. Internationality draws upon cultural and linguistic diversity that can potentially impact interdisciplinarity as well. We created an interdis...

One of the most crucial steps in the practical conservation of endangered endemic mountain plants is to address their population size status and habitat requirements concurrently with understanding their response to future global warming. Three endangered Silene species-Silene leucophylla Boiss., S. schimperiana Boiss., and S. oreosinaica Chowdhuri...

In an ode to Woolgar and Latour’s Laboratory life (1979), this visual essay traces what occurred during a series of fieldtrips and workshops I organised between students from Uniarts and Aalto University, and researchers at the Viikki Plant Sciences Centre, Helsinki. It highlights how disciplines promote a particular way of looking and of understan...

Utilizing agricultural and industrial wastes, potent reservoirs of nutrients, for nourishing the soil and crops through composting embodies a sustainable approach to waste management and organic agriculture. To investigate this, a 2-year field experiment was conducted at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, focusing on a pigeon pea-vegetable mustard-okra cropping...

The potential distribution of crops will be impacted by climate change, but there is limited research on potential wheat distributions under specific global warming targets. This study employed the Maxent model to predict the potential distribution of wheat under the 1.5°C and 2°C warming targets based on data from the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model I...

This article describes an immersive extended reality reconstruction tool for root system architectures from 3D volumetric scans of soil columns. We have conducted a laboratory user study to assess the performance of new users with our software in comparison to classical and established desktop software. We utilize a functional-structural plant mode...

Root system architecture (RSA) is a critical determinant of plant performance and productivity, playing a pivotal role in water and nutrient uptake. However, investigating root morphology presents considerable challenges due to its concealed nature and intricate complexity. There have been recent developments in root phenotyping and genetics leadin...

In recent years, as biotechnological advancements have continued to unfold, our understanding of plant molecular biology has undergone a remarkable transformation [...]

This paper is designed to produce original documentation of medicinal plants in Mt. Kumgang in the middle eastern part of the Korean Peninsula. The plants are selected from the literatures, interviews with the local natives and extensive field research. Among 1876 vascular plants in the area, 87 species and 2 varieties have been listed as efficacio...

Processing by proteases irreversibly regulates the fate of plant proteins and hampers the production of recombinant proteins in plants, yet only few processing events have been described in agroinfiltrated Nicotiana benthamiana, which has emerged as the main transient protein expression platform in plant science and molecular pharming. Here, we use...

Comparative Evaluation of Phytoremediation and Bioengineering Approaches for Restoring: Harnessing Allelopathy in Restoration Approaches: Enhancing Ecological Restoration Through Chemical Interactions. References: Shaista, Khan., T., H., Masoodi., Nazir, A., Pala., Shahnaz, Murtaza., J., A., Mugloo., Parvez, Sofi., Musaib, U, Zaman., Ashok, Kumar....

Agroinfiltration of Nicotiana benthamiana is routinely used in plant science and molecular pharming to transiently express proteins of interest. Here, we discuss four phenomena that should be avoided to improve transient expression. Immune responses can be avoided by depleting immune receptors and employing pathogen‐derived effectors; transcript de...

Keywords –Ecology,Allelopathy,Chemical ,Ecosystem ,Soil,bioremediation,outcomes,Vegetation management.allelochemicals.polygenetic. References: Susan, Kalisz., Stephanie, N., Kivlin., Lalasia, Bialic-Murphy. (2021). Allelopathy is pervasive in invasive plants. Biological Invasions, 23(2):367-371. doi: 10.1007/S10530-020-02383-6 Waseem, Mushtaq., M...

Opium was an important commodity in trading activities in Asia in the century the 19th. In Malaya, opium is also an important commodity where the Strait Settlements carried out a lot of opium import and export during the British and Ducth era. This study aims to explore opium research-related publishing patterns and rank the most used author keywor...

The purpose of this research is to learn how to make a microscopic slide of animal or plant tissue and prepare it for examination by means of a compound microscope. There is no doubt that those concerned with this are students of medical sectors at all stages and those concerned with matters of histology, embryology, anatomy, cell science, animal a...

Plant transformation remains a major bottleneck to the improvement of plant science, both on fundamental and practical levels. The recalcitrant nature of most commercial and minor crops to genetic transformation slows scientific progress for a large range of crops that are essential for food security on a global scale. Over the years, novel stable...

In recent years, Mongolia has faced problems such as grassland degradation, desertification, depletion of plant diversity, and environmental pollution. These problems have arisen due to negative human activities, an increased number of livestock, and climate change. In solving these environmental problems and promoting sustainable development, the...

The external attention mechanism offers a promising approach to enhance image anomaly detection (Hayakawa et al., in: IMPROVE, pp. 100-–110, 2023). Nevertheless, the effectiveness of this method is contingent upon the judicious selection of an intermediate layer with external attention. In this study, we performed a comprehensive series of experime...

Scientific advances due to conceptual or technological innovations can be revealed by examining how research topics have evolved. But such topical evolution is difficult to uncover and quantify because of the large body of literature and the need for expert knowledge in a wide range of areas in a field. Using plant biology as an example, we used ma...

The interest in lipid composition profiling is significantly increasing as research reveals the immense importance of lipids in medicine, plant science, food and agriculture. However, lipidomic analysis requires high-end specialty equipment. We used two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (2D-TLC) as a readily available, low-cost tool for basic l...

This study investigated the effects of cadmium (Cd) stress on the micropropagation and rooting dynamics of two myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) genotypes with different fruit colors under controlled in vitro conditions. We evaluated the response of these genotypes to varying concentrations of Cd (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 µM) to determine dose-depe...

KEYWORDS climate change food and nutrition security, genebank, host plant resistance, resilience, resource use efficiency Editorial on the Research Topic Trends and perspectives for the use of crop wild relatives in crop breeding Crop wild relatives (CWRs) represent a fundamental cornerstone for enhancing agrobiodiversity, fostering sustainable agr...

Innovations in plant and soil sciences are revolutionising our approach to sustainability, offering solutions with broad societal impacts. Discoveries in these fields hold great potential for combatting, mitigating and adapting to climate change; enhancing food security; and revitalising urban environments. By harnessing the power of plants and the...

Cotton is an important economic crop; therefore, enhancing cotton yield and cultivating superior varieties are key research priorities. The seedling stage, a critical phase in cotton production, significantly influences the subsequent growth and yield of the crop. Therefore, breeding experts often choose to measure phenotypic parameters during this...

Traditional methods of cultivating medicinal plants are frequently confronted with hurdles like fluctuating secondary metabolite content, prolonged growth cycles, and environmental constraints. The resultant variability poses challenges to the consistent and efficient production of secondary metabolites, impeding the establishment of standardized a...

I am happy to share my latest publication in the HortScience Journal. This accomplishment is a key part of my postdoctoral fellowship with the Greenhouse Research and Extension Team in the Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture at the University of Connecticut. In this article, we share original research about the application timin...

Cowpea is a species used for various purposes, including green grain production. New cowpea cultivars should be developed to answer the growing market demands for green gains, which can be achieved via breeding programs. In this scenario, diallel cross is a breeding method that allows researchers to select the most suitable parents for hybridizatio...

Success in sustaining food security in the face of global climate change depends on the multi-disciplinary efforts of plant science, physics, mathematics, and computer sciences, whereby each discipline contributes specific concepts, information, and tools [...]

Societal Impact Statement Parasitic plants that deprive crops of water and nutrients are an increasingly concerning food security issue, affecting the livelihood of millions of subsistence, small‐ and mid‐scale farmers. An in‐depth understanding of parasite–host interactions is required to develop species‐specific and ecologically sustainable paras...

Research on plant-nanomaterial interactions has greatly advanced over the past decade. One particularly fascinating discovery encompasses the immunomodulatory effects in plants. Due to the low doses needed and the comparatively low toxicity of many nanomaterials, nanoenabled immunomodulation is environmentally and economically promising for agricul...

Aluminium chloride (AICl3) is known as a potent environmental neurotoxin causing progressive neurodegeneration in the brain. Khaya grandifoliola (KG) is used in Cameroon in traditional medicine for its therapeutical properties. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of K. grandifoliola against AICl3-induced neurotoxi...

The interest in lipid composition profiling is significantly increasing as research reveals the immense importance of lipids in medicine, plant science, food and agriculture. However, lipidomic analysis requires high-end specialty equipment. We used two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (2D TLC) as a readily available, low-cost tool for basic l...

Machine learning and artificial intelligence are widely used in many scientific and technological domains, and they have lately been used to enhance several plant tissue culture stages. Technological advancements have transformed the way plant genotypes and phenotypes are measured, resulting in the everyday generation of massive, complicated data s...

African Journal of Biological Sciences is an International peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles in all areas of Biological Sciences. It operates a fully open access publishing model which allows open global access to its published content. This model is supported through Article Pro...

The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in agriculture for improving crop yields and reducing the use of water, fertilizers, and pesticides remains a challenge. The goal of this work was to introduce Hyperfidelis, a geospatial software package that provides a comprehensive workflow that includes imagery visualization...

StomaVision is an automated tool designed for high-throughput detection and measurement of stomatal traits, such as stomatal number, pore size, and closure rate. It provides insights into plant responses to environmental cues, streamlining the analysis of micrographs from field-grown plants across various species, including monocots and dicots. Enh...

Chlorophyll fluorescence is a ubiquitous tool in basic and applied plant science research. Various standard commercial instruments are available for characterization of photosynthetic material like leaves or microalgae, most of which integrate the overall fluorescence signals above a certain cut‐off wavelength. However, wavelength‐resolved (fluores...

Cellular protein homeostasis is maintained by the disposal of aggregated misfolded proteins. Here, we present a protocol for investigating the involvement of the proteins of interest in misfolded protein degradation via Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. We describe in detail the steps of misfolded protein design,...

Metabolomic profiling of plant extracts has emerged as a powerful tool for characterizing the complex chemical composition of plants and elucidating their potential bioactivities. This chapter provides an overview of recent advances in metabolomic techniques applied to plant extracts, highlighting the significance of metabolomics in exploring phyto...

Background Autofluorescence-based imaging has the potential to non-destructively characterize the biochemical and physiological properties of plants regulated by genotypes using optical properties of the tissue. A comparative study of stress tolerant and stress susceptible genotypes of Brassica rapa with respect to newly introduced stress-based phe...

Background and Objective: The development of hybrid corn lines is crucial in increasing corn production in various countries, including Indonesia. This assembly needs to be evaluated systematically, either through a series of statistical approaches or genetical approaches. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate and select hybrid lines of Unhas...

Apple is one of the most economically important and popular temperate fruit trees. The domestication of apple has resulted in substantial phenotypic differences, particularly between wild and cultivated varieties. However, the relationship between gene expression and phenotypic variations in apple remains poorly understood. Here, we present a compr...

Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments contained in numerous food plants. This study provides an overall quantitative literature analysis on anthocyanins. Bibliometric data were collected through the search string TOPIC = anthocyan*, which yielded 44,121 publications indexed within the Web of Science Core Collection. Term maps were generated using...

Productivity of most improved major food crops showed stagnation in the past decades after their high-yielding capacity saved millions from famine due to the great achievements and contributions of the 1960s agricultural Green Revolution. As the human population is projected to reach 9-10 billion by 2050, and perhaps even greater by the end of the...

This study was carried out on a 239,439.63 ha unit of dry land in the Aceh Besar Regency. The Soil and Plant Science Laboratory and the Soil Physics Laboratory at the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala, analyzed soil and biomass samples. Twelve different land use types in the Aceh Besar Regency's dry land are the research locations. Ut...

Plant tissue culture, a remarkable and ever-evolving branch of plant science, has unlocked new dimensions in the realm of agriculture, horticulture, and fruit crop research. At its core, plant tissue culture involves the cultivation of plant cells, tissues, or organs in a controlled and sterile laboratory environment. This technique enables the gen...

Premise Plant functional traits are often used to describe the spectra of ecological strategies used by different species. Here, we demonstrate a machine learning approach for identifying the traits that contribute most to interspecific phenotypic divergence in a multivariate trait space. Methods Descriptive and predictive machine learning approac...

Background: Hydrophilic compounds, such as amino-acids, organic acids and sugars among others, are present in large amounts in plant cells. Analysis and quantification of these major hydrophilic compounds is particularly relevant in plant sciences since they greatly impact the quality of plant-derived products and plant-pathogen relationship. Our o...

Micropropagation is a groundbreaking plant science technique that transforms traditional farming by cloning plants at a microscopic level. This method involves manipulating plant tissue cultures in a controlled setting to produce genetically identical copies of desired plants. Through precise adjustment of growth factors and hormones, micropropagat...

The idea that plants would be efficient, frugal or optimised echoes the recurrent semantics of ‘blueprint’ and ‘program’ in molecular genetics. However, when analysing plants with quantitative approaches and systems thinking, we instead find that plants are the results of stochastic processes with many inefficiencies, incoherence or delays fuelling...

The rice reference genome (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare) has been an important resource in plant science. We now report an improved and haplotype resolved genome sequence based upon more accurate sequencing technology. This improved assembly includes regions missing in earlier genome sequences and the annotation of more than 3,000 new...

Accurate identification of plant species is fundamental for various purposes, including biodiversity conservation and effective utilization of plants. Molecular-based techniques, particularly DNA barcoding, have emerged as a rapid and accurate alternative to traditional taxonomic methods for plant species identification. DNA barcoding involves anal...

The papers published in Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Issue 1, Volume 52, 2024 represent new exciting research in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy, crop science, and forestry. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about: Battling arid adversity: unveiling...

Nanotechnology is believed to accelerate our fight to sustain and enhance crop productivity for the ever-increasing world population. It has been reckoned as one of the safest and most cost-efficient techniques to boost crop productivity in the future. The ever-increasing state-of-the-art availability of various nanomaterials has allowed us to purs...

This Research Topic “Seed dormancy, germination, and pre-harvest sprouting, volume II” is part of the “Seed dormancy, germination, and pre-harvest sprouting” series hosted by Frontiers in Plant Science. The first series (Nonogaki et al., 2018) covered the full papers and abstracts from the 13th International Symposium on Pre-harvest Sprouting in Ce...

One Health professes that the health of organisms is interconnected through the exploitation of planetary resources, trade, and transportation, in particular. The impetus for the emergence of this concept in the early 2000s was knowledge of the epidemiology of zoonotic diseases that put humans at risk to diseases carried by animals. In spite of the...

The topics of medicinal plants and their crude plant-based medications is covered in the book. All traditional universities offer it at the graduate level in biology, pharmacy, and botany in addition to the curriculum at the certificate, diploma, undergraduate, and postgraduate levels. It is now necessary to retain the book's contents within the pa...

The fruit of Physalis peruviana has proven to be a food with interesting research prospects in the last 40 years, in this sense, scientific publications can be found in the most diverse areas ranging from plant sciences, ecology, pharmacology, biology to food sciences and agronomy, just to mention a few areas of knowledge. This chapter presents a g...

Frontiers in Plant Science is delighted to present a diverse and comprehensive collection of research articles in the esteemed Research Topic titled “Advances in Molecular Plant Pathology, Plant Abiotic and Biotic Stress”. Among the 18 articles featured within this Research Topic, several investigations offer significant contributions to our unders...

invitation for a distinguished speaker at the upcoming Global Summit on "Plant Science”

We report the characterization of a novel tri-segmented RNA virus infecting Mercurialis annua, a common crop weed and model species in plant science. The virus, named “Mercurialis latent virus” (MeLaV) was first identified in a mixed infection with the recently described Mercurialis orthotospovirus 1 (MerV1) on symptomatic plants grown in glasshous...

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Background and Objective: The use of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) with drone technology has proven effective in crop assessment. However, integration with morphological features is needed. This study aims to explore the interplay between morphological characters and NDVI in evaluating rice cultivation during the vegetative phase. M...

Background and Objective: The use of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) with drone technology has proven effective in crop assessment. However, integration with morphological features is needed. This study aims to explore the interplay between morphological characters and NDVI in evaluating rice cultivation during the vegetative phase. M...

Plants possess diverse cell types and intricate regulatory mechanisms to adapt to the ever-changing environment of nature. Various strategies have been employed to study cell types and their developmental progressions, including single-cell sequencing methods which provide high-dimensional catalogs to address biological concerns. In recent years, s...

Molecular and Physiological Insights into Plant Stress Tolerance and Applications in Agriculture Part 2 is an edited volume that presents research on plant stress responses at both molecular and physiological levels. This volume builds on the previous volume to provide additional knowledge in studies on the subject. Key Features - Explains aspects...

Poa trivialis (L.) is a cool‐season grass species found in various environments worldwide. In addition to being a desired turfgrass species, it is a common weed of agricultural systems and natural areas. As a weed, it is an important contaminant of commercial cool‐season grass seed lots, resulting in widespread gene flow facilitated by human activi...

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in agriculture is a rapidly growing field with the potential to revolutionize crop production, improve monitoring, and automate tasks such as irrigation and spraying. As the world population is expected to reach 10 billion by 2050, the demand for agricultural products is set to increase by 50% compared to 201...

In the complex field of plant science, knowledge of the many difficulties that plants encounter from both living and non-living stresses is essential for maintaining biodiversity and managing natural resources in a sustainable manner, in addition to guaranteeing global food security. Biologic stressors, which are brought on by living things (such a...

Understanding the generation, movement, uptake, and perception of mobile defense signals is key for unraveling the systemic resistance programs in flowering plants against pathogens. Here, we present a protocol for analyzing the movement and uptake of isotopically labeled signaling molecule azelaic acid (AZA) in Arabidopsis thaliana. We describe st...

Rapid alkalinization factors (RALFs) have long been known to act as sig-naling molecules in plant cells, but whether they affect cell wall (CW) patterning and expansion remains unclear. Very recent advances in tip-growing cells showed that positively charged RALFs affect key attributes of the structural components of the nascent CW. Studies of tip-...

With the confluence of various disciplines, advanced technologies have cropped up. Nanotechnology has developed various emerging devices such as nano-biosensors. A nano-biosensor is a small analytical system possessing multifaceted applications in the field of agriculture, health, environment and quality control. In agriculture, it has shown tremen...

Rice stands as the linchpin of Assam's agricultural identity, dominating a sprawling 2.54 million hectares within the state's expansive gross cropped area of 4.16 million hectares. This cereal crop is not merely a staple but a lifeline, contributing a staggering 96% to the state's total food grain production. What makes Assam particularly distincti...

Clustered Regulatory Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated nuclease 9 (Cas9) targeted genome editing system has already modernized plant science research and has been used to provide resistance sources against plant viral diseases. In this study, we have used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to introduce sequence-specific targeted...

P. longum L., one of the most significant species of the genus Piperaceae, is most frequently employed in Indian-Ayurvedic and other traditional medicinal-systems for treating a variety of illnesses. The alkaloid piperine, is the key phytoconstituent of the plant, primarily responsible for its' pharmacological-impacts. The aim of the study is to an...

Drought seriously affects agricultural systems and food security. While previous researchers have explored the causes, monitoring, and impacts of drought on agriculture, no systematic investigations into the development of agriculture drought (AD) and its relationships with related knowledge have been conducted. This study assessed existing publica...

Understanding temperature-sensitivity of R gene-mediated resistance against apoplastic pathogens is important for sustainable food production in the face of global warming. Here, we show that resistance of Brassica napus cotyledons against Leptosphaeria maculans was temperature-sensitive in introgression line Topas-Rlm7 but temperature-resilient in...

Ecological stoichiometry is essential for understanding changes in ecosystem structure and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. However, the stoichiometric characteristics of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in different organs or layers, such as leaves, branches, trunks, roots, understory vegetation, litter, and soil within a forest ecosystem, have r...

Ricinus communis is one of the most important oilseed plants with many medicinal and industrial applications. Variation in 30 genotypes of castor bean collected from different regions of the world was evaluated for two consecutive years and the difference in seed production with two different reproductive modes (including apomixis and open-pollinat...

Legumes have the ability to establish a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with soil rhizobia that they house in specific organs, the nodules. In most rhizobium-legume interactions, nodulation occurs on the root. However, certain tropical legumes growing in wetlands possess a unique trait: the capacity to form rhizobia-harbouring nodules on the stem. Despit...

Agricultural extension, as an important part of modern agriculture, can promote the scientific transformation of the traditional agricultural production model. This paper analysed the impact of university agricultural technology extension on efficient and sustainable agriculture using difference-in-differences model (DID). The results showed that u...

Editorial about Epigenetic Regulation Behind Plant-Microbe Interactions in Frontiers in Plant Science

Plant temperature acclimation is closely related to maintaining a positive carbon gain under future climate change. However, no systematic summary of the field has been conducted. Based on this, we analyzed data on plant temperature acclimation from the Web of Science Core Collection database using bibliometric software R, RStudio and VOSviewer. Ou...

The pheno PET system is a plant dedicated Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner consisting of fully digital photo multipliers with lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate crystals and located inside a custom climate chamber. Here, we present the setup of pheno PET, its data processing and image reconstruction together with the performance according...