Science method
Lipolysis - Science method
The metabolic process of breaking down LIPIDS to release FREE FATTY ACIDS, the major oxidative fuel for the body. Lipolysis may involve dietary lipids in the DIGESTIVE TRACT, circulating lipids in the BLOOD, and stored lipids in the ADIPOSE TISSUE or the LIVER. A number of enzymes are involved in such lipid hydrolysis, such as LIPASE and LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE from various tissues.
Publications related to Lipolysis (10,000)
Sorted by most recent
Lipid droplets are highly dynamic intracellular organelles that store neutral lipids such as cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols. They have recently emerged as key stress response components in many different cell types. Lipid droplets in the nervous system are mostly observed in vivo in glia, ependymal cells and microglia. They tend to become...
Simple Summary
Pheochromocytoma is regarded as a good human model for investigating the impact of sympathetic hyperactivity on various pathologic conditions. To determine the influence of catecholamine excess on human body composition, we compared computed tomography (CT)-based fat and skeletal muscle indices over time in a large patient population...
Little is known about the association of bile acids (BAs) with lipid deposition and lipid metabolism of fish in vitro. In the present study, we established the model of fatty-degenerated hepatocytes in pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♂ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♀), and explored the effects and mechanism of BAs regulating on lipid met...
The basal level of the plant defense hormone jasmonate (JA) in unstressed leaves is low, but wounding causes its near instantaneous increase. How JA biosynthesis is initiated is uncertain, but the lipolysis step that generates fatty acid precursors is generally considered to be the first step. Here, we used a series of physiological, pharmacologica...
Background: Obesity affects the cargo packaging of the adipocyte-derived exosomes. Furthermore, adipocytes in different adipose tissues have different genetic makeup, the cargo contents of the exosomes derived from different adipose tissues under obesity should be different, and hence their impacts on the pathophysiological conditions.
Methods and...
Acute hypoxia consistently results in altitude sickness and can be fatal. Until present, no studies focusing on global proteomic changes induced by acute hypoxia have been reported. Here, we combined animal experiments and tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis to identify metabolic changes as a result of acute hypoxia. We first generated a...
Nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) is reportedly involved in hepatic lipid metabolism, but the results are contradictory, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we focused on elucidating the effects of Nrf2 on hepatic adipogenesis and on determining the possible underlying mechanism. We established a non‐alcoholic fatty...
Obesity, one of the common worldwide chronic health diseases co‐relates with adipogenesis. Adipogenesis is a complex biological action of the emergence of mature adipocytes from the differentiation of pre‐adipocytes and the disfunction of this process leads to the development of metabolic issues in obesity. Recently, much attention has been paid to...
Aims
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is over-activated and the serum angiotensin II (Ang II) level increased in obese patients, while their correlations were incompletely understood. This study aims to explore the role of Ang II in diet-induced obesity by focusing on adipose lipolysis.
Methods
Rat model of AT1aR gene knockout were established t...
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy but the underlying mechanism remains obscure. The aims of this study are to examine if omental adipose tissue (OMAT) and subcutaneous AT (SCAT) differentially express proinflammatory and lipid metabolic adipokines, and if so, whether their regional differences...
Background
Rapid tumor growth inevitably results in energy stress, including deficiency of glutamine, a critical amino acid for tumor cell proliferation. However, whether glutamine deficiency allows tumor cells to use lipid droplets as an energy resource and the mechanism underlying this potential regulation remain unclear.
Methods
We purified lip...
Abutilon indicum (L) is an Indian traditional plant used for the treatment of diabetes and heart diseases. The present study is to evaluate the functional of A. indicum leaf extract as insulin like character to inhibit lipolysis and stimulates Adipogenesis activity. The ability of the A. indicum leaf extract in anti-obesity effect of Adipogenesis,...
Background: Acute hypoxia consistently results in altitude sickness and can be fatal. Until present, no studies focusing on global proteomic changes induced by acute hypoxia have been reported. Here, we combined animal experiments and tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis to identify metabolic changes as a result of acute hypoxia.
Methods:...
Vitamin D (VD) deficiency has been associated with cancer and diabetes. Insulin signaling through the insulin receptor (IR) stimulates cellular responses by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. PTEN is a tumor suppressor and a negative regulator of the pathway. Its absence enhances insulin signaling leading to hypoglycemia, a dangerous complication fou...
In lipolysis, the activating function of CGI-58 is regulated by its interaction with perilipin 1 (PLIN1) localized on the lipid droplet (LD), and its release is controlled by phosphorylation. Once lipolysis is stimulated by catecholamines, protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation enables the dissociation of the CGI-58/PLIN1 complex, thereby...
Lipid disorders are closely related to numerous metabolic diseases, and lipid droplets (LDs) have been considered as a new target for regulating lipid metabolism. Dietary intervention and nutraceuticals provide safe and long-term beneficial effects for treating metabolic diseases. Flazin is a diet-derived bioactive constituent mainly existing in fe...
Background: High fat and carbohydrate diets may lead to the malfunction of hepatic cells because of excessive lipolysis of fat tissues and the subsequent increase of free fatty acids in the liver. This is characterised by histological changes in the hepatic cells which then undergo necrosis. High fat and carbohydrate diets may also lead to gut micr...
BACKGROUND
Acanthopanax senticosus, a small woody shrub of the family Araliaceae, can be used as a functional food with multiple biological activities. Eleutheroside E (EE), an important active component of A. senticosus, has significant effects on neurological diseases. However, whether EE can regulate lipid metabolism has not been reported. The b...
Aims/hypothesis
Systematic studies on the phenotypic consequences of variants causal of HNF1A-MODY are rare. Our aim was to assess the phenotype of carriers of a single HNF1A variant and genetic and clinical factors affecting the clinical spectrum.
Methods
We conducted a family-based multigenerational study by comparing heterozygous carriers of th...
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of high-starch diets and the supplementation of an olive extract (OE) on the growth performance, liver health and lipid metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were prepared: two basal diets containing low (9.0%) and high (14.4%)...
STATs (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) 5A and 5B are induced during adipocyte differentiation and are primarily activated by growth hormone (GH) and prolactin in fat cells. Previous studies in mice lacking adipocyte GH receptor or STAT5 support their roles in lipolysis-mediated reduction of adipose tissue mass. Male and female m...
Chronically elevated circulating fatty acid levels promote lipid accumulation in nonadipose tissues and cause lipotoxicity. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) critically determines the release of fatty acids from white adipose tissue, and accumulating evidence suggests that inactivation of ATGL has beneficial effects on lipotoxicity-driven disorder...
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The gut microbiota plays a key role in host metabolic thermogenesis by activating UCP1 and increasing the browning process of white adipose tissue (WAT), especially in cold environments. However, the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the host, which lacks functional UCP1, making them susceptible to cold stress, has rarely been illustrated....
Objective
Classical ATP-independent non-shivering thermogenesis enabled by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is activated, but not essential for survival, in the cold. It has long been suspected that futile ATP-consuming substrate cycles also contribute to thermogenesis and can partially compensate for the genetic ablation o...
The prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by fatty liver, oxidative injury, and inflammation, has considerably increased in the recent years. Due to the complexity of NASH pathogenesis, compounds which can target different mechanisms and stages of NASH development are required. A robust screening model with translational...
Background:
Topical exogenous lipase has been approved for cosmetic use and has been used to mobilize fat from adipocytes. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of exogenous lipase in the subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Methods:
Three different concentrations of exogenous lipase 1x (2 Units per ml), 5x (10 units per ml), 10x (20...
Kinases represent one of the largest druggable families of proteins. Importantly, many kinases are aberrantly activated/de-activated in multiple organs during obesity, which contributes to the development of diabetes and associated diseases. Previous results indicate that the complex between Extracellular-regulated kinase 3 (ERK3) and Mitogen-Activ...
Probiotics are known to contribute to the anti-oxidation, immunoregulation, and aging delay. Here, we investigated the extension of lifespan by fermented pickles-origin Pediococcus acidilactici (PA) in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), and found that PA promoted a significantly extended longevity of wild-type C. elegans. The further results reve...
Objective:
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) burns fatty acids (FAs) to produce heat, and shows diurnal oscillation in glucose and triglyceride (TG)-derived FA-uptake, peaking around wakening. Here we aimed to gain insight in the diurnal regulation of metabolic BAT activity.
Methods:
RNA-sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing, and...
Objectives
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is the key enzyme, which degrades neutral lipids at an acidic pH in lysosomes. The role of LAL in various cellular processes has mostly been studied in LAL-knockout mice, which share phenotypical characteristics with humans suffering from LAL deficiency. In vitro, the cell-specific functions of LAL have been c...
Buprenorphine (BUP) is a potent opioid analgesic that is widely used for severe pain management and opioid replacement therapy. The oral bioavailability of BUP, however, is significantly limited by first-pass metabolism. Previous studies have shown that triglyceride (TG) mimetic prodrugs of the steroid hormone testosterone circumvent first-pass met...
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress-mediated inflammasome activation play critical roles in the pathogenesis of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-activated gene-1 (NAG-1), or growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15), is associated with many biological processes and diseases, inclu...
Lipolysis in meat and meat products is a phenomenon involving hydrolysis of lipids, notably via enzymatic catalysis that takes place even postmortem. During refrigerated and frozen storage of meat, in particular fish, endogenous lipolytic enzymes actively degrade triacylglycerols and phospholipids resulting in accumulation of free fatty acids and o...
Given the increasing consumer demand for raw, nonprocessed, safe, and long shelf-life fish and seafood products, research concerning the application of natural antimicrobials as alternatives to preservatives is of great interest. The aim of the following paper was to evaluate the effect of essential oils (EOs) from black pepper (BPEO) and tarragon...
Cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) can store neutral lipids as an energy source when needed and also regulate the key metabolic processes of intracellular lipid accumulation, which is associated with several metabolic diseases. The perilipins (Plins) are a family of proteins that associate with the surface of LDs. As a member of Plins superfamily, pe...
Background: High fat and carbohydrate diets may lead to the malfunction of hepatic cells because of excessive lipolysis of fat tissues and the subsequent increase of free fatty acids in the liver. This is characterised by histological changes in the hepatic cells which then undergo necrosis. High fat and carbohydrate diets may also lead to gut micr...
Previous studies suggest that the inclusion of melatonin (MTn) in in vitro maturation protocols improves the developmental competence of oocytes by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the molecular mechanisms integrating melatonin receptor (MT)-mediated lipid metabolism and redox signaling during in vitro cumulus–oocyte complex (COC)...
The objective of this study was to explore the influence of nanocellulose type (nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC)) and concentrations (0.05–0.20%, w/w) on the physicochemical properties, microstructure, and in vitro digestion of β-carotene loaded emulsions and β-carotene bioaccessibility. The optimum conditions for...
Non-invasive body contouring modalities optimize the cosmesisof the human body safely and effectively and represent a fast-expanding domain of cosmetic dermatology. There are currently five approved modalities including cryolipolysis, radiofrequency, high-intensity focused ultrasound, laser therapy and high-intensity focused electromagnetic field....
Fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles are the two principal skeletal muscle types in teleost with obvious differences in metabolic and contractile phenotypes. The molecular mechanisms that control and maintain the different muscle types remain unclear yet. Pseudocaranx dentex is a highly mobile active pelagic fish with distinctly differentiated fast-...
Reduced glucose uptake and utilization, with concomitant lipolysis in adipose tissues has been linked to the pathogenesis of obesity and its complications. The present study investigated the effect of cannabinoid-stimulated glucose uptake on redox imbalance, glucose and lipid metabolisms, as well as cholinergic and purinergic dysfunctions in isolat...
Sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) is a major mitochondrial deacetylase enzyme that regulates multiple metabolic pathways, and its expression is decreased in diabetes type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to elucidate Sirt3′s molecular mechanism in regulating insulin sensitivity in adipocytes that can contribute to the effort of targeting Sirt3 for the treat...
The lung airways are constantly exposed to inhaled toxic substances, resulting in cellular damage that is repaired by local expansion of resident bronchiolar epithelial club cells. Disturbed bronchiolar epithelial damage repair lays at the core of many prevalent lung diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary...
The Chanarin–Dorfman syndrome (CDS) is a rare, autosomal recessively inherited genetic disease, whch is associated with a decrease in the lipolysis activity in multiple tissue cells. The clinical phenotype involves multiple organs and systems, including liver, eyes, ears, skeletal muscle and central nervous system. Mutations in ABHD5/CGI58 gene hav...
Many fungi have been domesticated for food production, with genetic differentiation between populations from food and wild environments, and food populations often acquiring beneficial traits through horizontal gene transfers. We studied the population structures and phenotypes of two distantly related Penicillium species used for dry-cured meat pr...
Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy-associated cutaneous toxicity is a syndrome characterized by papulopustular rash, local inflammation, folliculitis, and microbial infection, resulting in a decrease in quality of life and dose interruption. However, no effective clinical intervention is available for this adverse effect. Here, we...
Transcriptomic analysis in metabolically active tissues allows a systems genetics approach to identify causal genes and networks involved in metabolic disease. Outbred heterogeneous stock (HS) rats are used for genetic mapping of complex traits, but to-date, a systems genetics analysis of metabolic tissues has not been done. We investigated whether...
Introduction
Severe burns are responsible for an estimated 300,000 deaths per year worldwide. While modern burn care has markedly improved survival for pediatric and adult patients, this is sadly not the case for one population: the elderly. Despite being the fastest-growing demographic in North America, burn patients over the age of 60 years have...
Background:
Hyperplasia of mammary glands (HMG) is the breast disease with the highest clinical incidence. Many traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctors suggest that the treatment of HMG should be based on the left and right breast pain difference. However, these views are based on case reports, and an objective basis has not been established fo...
Background
Dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the activation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) by decreasing the availability of arachidonic acid, thus lowering endocannabinoids (eCBs) levels. The ECS is a modulator of energy metabolism, stress response and inflammation in mammals, yet there is little information on the rol...
Abstract: Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease affects up to 30% of adults in the USA, and is associated with a higher incidence of chronic liver morbidity and mortality. Several molecular pathways are involved in the pathology of liver steatosis, including lipid uptake, lipogenesis, lipolysis, and beta-oxidation. The enzyme heparanase has...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) held a high global prevalence in recent decades. Hepatic lipid deposition is the major characteristic of NAFLD. We aim to explore the mechanisms of psoralen on lipid deposition in NAFLD. The effects of psoralen on insulin resistance, lipid deposition, the expression and membrane translocation of glucose tra...
Objective
Although the physiologic role of glucagon receptor signaling in the liver is well defined, the impact of glucagon receptor (Gcgr) signaling at white adipose tissue (WAT) continues to be debated. While numerous studies propose glucagon stimulates WAT lipolysis, we lack evidence that physiological concentrations of glucagon regulate WAT lip...
Herein, our goal was to explore the creatine role in the fat suppression of grass carp (GC). In vivo, four semipurified diets containing 5% lipid (normal diet, ND), 8% lipid (high-fat diet, HFD), 8 % lipid + 1 % creatine ( HFD + CR 1 ), and 8 % lipid + 2 % creatine ( HFD + CR 2 ) were designed and formulated, which were fed to juvenile GC ( 18.51 ±...
The requirement of macroautophagic/autophagic machinery for filamentous fungal development and pathogenicity has been recognized, but the underlying effects and mechanisms remain elusive. The insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii infects hosts by cuticular penetration through the formation of the infection structure appressoria. Here, we s...
The domestic yak was regarded as a valuable model to explore the molecular mechanism of high-altitude animal adaptation, including the extreme tolerance of starvation and cold stress, which is closely associated with specifically seasonal deposition and metabolism of subcutaneous adipose tissue. However, the key regulators for these processes remai...
Background:
Globally, obesity is a significant public problem, especially when aging. Sesamol, a phenolic lignan present in sesame seeds, might have a positive effect on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity associated with aging.
Objective:
The purpose of current research study was to explore salutary effects and mechanisms of sesamol in treating...
High-phosphorus diet (HPD) reduces lipid deposition and significantly influences lipid metabolism. However, the relevant mechanism is unknown. Herein, using widely-cultured teleost tilapia Oreochromis niloticus as the experimental animals, we found that HPD and Pi incubation reduced triglyceride (TG) content (P ≤ 0.05), suppressed lipogenesis, acti...
Background: Adipose tissue is an ideal filler material that is widely used for soft tissue defects. But the low survival rate and complications associated with such grafts pose a serious challenge, which limits their clinical application. Adipose tissue is a metabolic diet-responsive tissue; however, the influence of diets on fat grafting remains a...
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of high-starch diets and the supplementation of an olive extract (OE) on the growth performance, liver health and lipid metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were prepared: two basal diets containing low (9.0%) and high (14.4%)...
Background:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease affects up to 30% of adults in the USA, and is associated with a higher incidence of chronic liver morbidity and mortality. Several molecular pathways are involved in the pathology of liver steatosis, including lipid uptake, lipogenesis, lipolysis, and beta-oxidation. The enzyme heparanase has been imp...
A female teenager was diagnosed in 1986 with Berardinelli-Seip syndrome (congenital generalized lipodystrophy). Following the predictable failure of the usual treatments for her severe type 2 diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia, we decided to treat her with a novel anti-glucocorticoid-centered approach. In 1988, we treated her with mifepristone alone...
Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious bacterial disease that primarily attacks the lungs. TB is manifested either as latent TB infection (LTBI) or active TB disease, the latter posing a greater threat to life. The risk of developing active TB disease from LTBI is three times higher in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The associa...
This study aims to examine the microstructure, rheology and lipolysis of water‐in‐oil (W/O) emulsions (40 wt.%) prepared with or without (Control) the addition of normal (NAM) and high amylose (HAM) maize starch during simulated digestion in a semi‐dynamic gastrointestinal tract (GIT) model. Microstructural examinations showed modification in initi...
The composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is altered in many pathological conditions, and their molecular content provides essential information on features of parent cells and mechanisms of crosstalk between cells and organs. Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of clinical manifestations including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia...
Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a global threat to the human population, with manifestations resulting from alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD, if not treated, may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Furthermore, inflammation leads to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carc...
Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a global threat to the human population, with manifestations resulting from alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD, if not treated, may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Furthermore, inflammation leads to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carc...
Intracellular signaling in adipocytes in an expanding adipose tissue is central to type 2 diabetes. We have earlier developed detailed mathematical models for well-studied signaling pathways in adipocytes, normally and in type 2 diabetes. Compared to the whole intracellular activity, these models still only contain a fraction of signaling pathways....
The lipid storage droplet-2 (LSD-2) protein of Drosophila is a homolog of mammalian perilipin 2, which is essential for promoting lipid accumulation and lipid droplet formation. The function of LSD-2 as a regulator of lipolysis has also been demonstrated. However, other LSD-2 functions remain unclear. To investigate the role of LSD-2, we performed...
Background
Severe hyperlipidemia is characterized by markedly elevated blood triglyceride levels and severe early-onset cardiovascular diseases, pancreatitis, pancreatic necrosis or persistent multiple organ failure if left untreated. It is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder originated from the variants of lipoprotein lipase gene, and pr...
Developmental competence of in vitro matured cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) in conventional IVM (C.IVM) is lower than in vivo maturated COCs and is related to unsynchronized nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation. To overcome this dearth, COCs can be exposed to granulosa secreted factors in a two-step system. Therefore, in the first experiment, 1000 n...
Molecular hydrogen (H2) has emerged as a new therapeutic option in several diseases and is widely adopted by healthy people. However, molecular data to support therapeutic functions attributed to the biological activities of H2 remain elusive. Here, using transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches coupled with biochemistry and micro-CT technics, we...
BPA is one of the most common endocrine disruptors that is widely being manufactured daily nationwide. Although scientific evidence supports claims of negative effects of BPA on humans, there is also evidence suggesting that a low level of BPA is safe. However, numerous in vivo trials
contraindicate with this claim and there is a high possibility o...
Targeting cannabinoid 1 receptors (CB1R) with peripherally restricted antagonists (or inverse agonists) shows promise to improve metabolic disorders associated with obesity. In this context, we designed and synthetized JM-00266, a new CB1R blocker with limited blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Pharmacokinetics were tested with SwissADME and i...
Background & Aims: Cooking with re heated oils result in the release of acrylamide from
starch at higher doses than the recommended limits. Heterocyclic amine is another toxin that
is produced in this process, which is formed through the heating and cooking process form
the protein substances when amino acids and creatine simultaneously react at hi...
Total body fat and central fat distribution are heritable traits and well-established predictors of adverse metabolic outcomes. Lipolysis is the process responsible for the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols stored in adipocytes. To increase our understanding of the genetic regulation of body fat distribution and total body fat, we set out to determine...
(1) Background: to date, a clear description of the impact of specific enzymes on the enzyme-modified cheese (EMC) flavor is lacking. Moreover, comparative studies on the aroma compounds’ intensity of EMC have been rarely investigated. Therefore, this study was done to determine the influence of incubating substrates with proteases and different li...
Background
The authors recently performed plastic surgeries for a small number of patients with hemophilia, HIV infection, and morphologic evidence of lipodystrophy. Because the pathophysiological mechanism of HIV-associated lipodystrophy remains to be elucidated, we analyzed subcutaneous adipose tissues from the patients.
Methods
All six patients...
The prevalence of obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases continues to rise, despite efforts to improve global health. The adipose tissue is now regarded as an endocrine organ since its multitude of secretions, lipids chief among them, regulate systemic functions. The loss of normal adipose tissue phenotypic flexibility, especially related...
Circulating apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, notably the low-density lipoproteins, enter the inner layer of the arterial wall, the intima, where a fraction of them is retained and modified by proteases, lipases, and oxidizing agents and enzymes. The modified lipoproteins and various modification products, such as fatty acids, ceramides, ly...
This study explores the influence of carboxymethylcelullose (CMC) and methylcelullose (MC), added by simultaneous (sim) and sequential (seq) emulsification methods, on the structure, rheological parameters and in vitro lipid digestibility of pork lard O/W emulsions stabilized by soy protein concentrate (SPC). Five emulsions (SPC, SPC/CMC-sim, SPC/C...
Context:
PLIN1 encodes Perilipin-1 which coats lipid droplets in adipocytes and is involved in droplet formation, triglyceride storage and lipolysis. Rare PLIN1 frameshift variants that extend the translated protein have been described to cause lipodystrophy.
Objective:
To test whether PLIN1 protein-truncating variants cause lipodystrophy in a l...
Background
The heterogeneity of osteoarthritis (OA) significantly limits the effectiveness of pharmacological treatments in an unselected patient population. In this context, the identification of OA subtypes is meaningful for the development of therapies that target specific types of OA pathogenesis.
Methods
Expression array profiles of 70 OA and...
Background and Aims
Sterol regulatory element binding protein cleavage-activating protein (SCAP), as a cholesterol sensor, that confers a broad range of functional effects in metabolic diseases. Lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by a decrease in subcutaneous fat and ectopic fat deposition in the liver. SCAP may mediate...
Optical clearing of adipose tissue has not been studied enough, although it can be promising in medical applications, including surgery and cosmetology, for example, to visualize blood vessels or increase the permeability of tissues to laser beams. The main objective of this work is to develop technology for optical clearing of abdominal adipose ti...
Reciprocal interactions between endothelial cells (ECs) and adipocytes are fundamental to maintain white adipose tissue (WAT) homeostasis, as illustrated by the activation of angiogenesis upon WAT expansion, a process that is impaired in obesity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between ECs and adipocytes remain poorly und...
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that is widespread in the environment due to the substantial anthropogenic inputs from the agriculture and industrial sectors. The toxic impact of Cd adversely affects human health and is linked with endocrine disruption, carcinogenicity, diabetes-related diseases, and metabolic disorder. One of the main characte...
FNDC5 is the precursor of the myokine irisin proposed to exhibit favorable metabolic activity, including anti-obesity and anti-diabetes effects. The diversity of FNDC5 transcripts has been reported by several studies, but the role and existence of these transcripts are not well defined. In our previous study, a novel secretable FNDC5 (sFNDC5) isofo...
Obesity is a complex epidemic disease caused by an imbalance of adipose tissue function that results in hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance which further develop into type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Adipose tissue is responsible for fat storage; white adipos...
Introduction
Although the physiological role of the C-terminal hydrolase domain of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH-H) is well investigated, the function of its N-terminal phosphatase activity (sEH-P) remains unknown. This study aimed to assess in vivo the physiological role of sEH-P.
Methods
CRISPR/Cas9 was used to generate a novel knock-in (KI...
Vorarlberger Bergkäse (VB) is an artisanal Austrian washed-rind hard cheese produced from alpine cows’ raw milk without the addition of ripening cultures. Ripening time is a key factor in VB, as it strongly influences the microbial communities present in the cheeses and the organoleptic properties of the product. In this study, the microbial and me...
Background
Late in the nineteenth century, it was theorized that a circulating product produced by the parathyroid glands could negatively impact skeletal homeostasis. A century later, intermittent administration of that protein, namely parathyroid hormone (PTH), was approved by the FDA and EMA as the first anabolic agent to treat osteoporosis. Yet...
Abstract Present study aims to establish a reliable infant digestion model using pH-STAT method and the model is also applied to static in-vitro digestion of different infant formulas. Model-3 which consisted of NaCl, KCl and CaCl2 as gastrointestinal digestive fluids demonstrated better repeatability than model-1 was selected for the evaluation of...
Background:
Atypical antipsychotics such as olanzapine often cause metabolic side effects such as obesity and diabetes, leading to an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of olanzapine treatment on hepatic lipid metabolism and its possible relationship with adipose tissue s...
This study aimed to develop and optimize a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of bosentan (BOS) to solve its poor oral bioavailability due to low water solubility. A pseudo ternary phase diagram was created based on the solubility and emulsification studies. The major components of the formulation were selected as glyceryl monolinol...
Investigate the effects of low-level lasers therapy (LLLT) aiming abdominal lipolysis. Female Wistar rats received applications of LLLT directly in the abdominal skin twice a week (5 weeks). Except the control group (n = 5), animals received treatments with red wavelength 660 nm being (I) R3.3 group (n = 5): 3.3 J/cm2, and (II) R5 group (n = 5): 5...
Obesity is the major driver of the global epidemic in type 2 diabetes (T2D). In individuals with obesity, impaired insulin action leads to increased lipolysis in adipocytes, resulting in elevated plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels that promote peripheral insulin resistance, a hallmark of T2D. Here we show, by using a combined genetic/biochemical/p...
Hepatic lipid accumulation is closely associated with non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD). Adipose-triglyceride-lipase (ATGL) regulates triglyceride hydrolysis and maintains energy homeostasis in hepatocytes. Identifying key factors in the regulation of ATGL will help tackle hepatic lipid accumulation and related metabolic diseases. Herein, w...
Deoxycholic Acid (DCA), which is an FDA-approved compound for the reduction of submental fat, has evolved through an unanticipated and surprising sequence of events. Initially, it was used as a solvent for Phosphatidylcholine (PDC), which was thought to promote lipolysis, but it was later proven to be the bioactive component of the formula and is c...
SGLT2 inhibition induces an insulin-independent reduction in plasma glucose causing increased lipolysis and subsequent lipid oxidation by energy-consuming tissues. However, it is unknown whether SGLT2 inhibition also affects lipid storage in adipose tissue. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of SGLT2 inhibition on lipid storage and lipoly...
