Lepidoptera - Science topic

Monitoring navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) using pheromone lures is now complicated by the use of mating disruption. Two commercially available lures that are minimally affected by mating disruption use either natural ovipositional substrates (Bait lures) or a combination of phenyl propionate (PPO), a volatile chemic...

The impact of trap type and height on the captures of adults of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), was assessed in cotton fields in three experimental sites (Nikaia, Nees Karyes, and Koilada) in Central Greece. Initially, the effectiveness of three different traps (white Delta, red Delta, and green Fu...

The present study reports a new state record of butterfly Pale Small Branded Swift, Pelopidas thrax (Heubner 1821) and a notable range extension record of butterfly Large Branded Swift, Pelopidas subochracea (Moore 1878). Here, we provide a brief differential identification of both species based on their morphology of male genitalia along with thei...

Under global climate change, high and low temperature extremes can drive shifts in species distributions. Across the range of a species, thermal tolerance is based on acclimatization, plasticity, and may undergo selection, shaping resilience to temperature stress. In this study, we measured variation in cold temperature tolerance of early instar la...

This illustrated guide is the first ever that summarises the main diagnostic characters for all the superfamilies and families of Lepidoptera found in India. The diversity of global Lepidoptera is updated to 166,320 species, 143 families and 43 superfamilies, of which 13,124 species, 101 families and 31 superfamilies occur in India. Heliocosmidae i...

During the experiment, fifty-nine different arthropods were recorded belonging to twelve different orders. The arthropods were categorized considering the role of induvial arthropod in the crop ecosystem. The insect pest recorded includes mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi, Mustard Sawfly, Athalia sp., Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, etc. The h...

X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) of dried and pinned museum specimens combined with advanced image processing can provide a useful, novel and non-destructive tool for integrative insect taxonomy. This paper demonstrates how micro-CT can be applied to provide unambiguous illustrations of diagnostic morphological characters for new taxa des...

The Afrotropical lappet moth genus Hypotrabala Holland, 1893 is reviewed utilising specimens housed in the African Natural History Research Trust collections. The synthesis of morphological and DNA analyses has reconciled discrepancies in previous treatments of the genus and Hypotrabala is clearly delimited with implications on the nomenclature and...

Objectives The oak processionary moth (OPM) (Thaumetopoea processionea) is a species of moth (order: Lepidoptera) native to parts of central Europe. However, in recent years, it has become an invasive species in various countries, particularly in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. The larvae of the OPM are covered with urticating barbed hairs...

The Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a pervasive and highly polyphagous insect pest. As S. littoralis has developed resistance to major classes of conventional insecticides and the use of these insecticides has caused negative impacts on the ecosystems, it is necessary to search for eco-friendly...

The present study deals with sighting reports and first photographic record of Indian Common Duffer Discophora sondaica zal Westwood, [1851] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from 24 Parganas (North) District, West Bengal.

National parks are one of a site to maintain biodiversity from any damage. Tanjung Puting National Park is one of the national parks in Indonesia with a wide variety of biodiversity, namely butterflies. The aims of this study were to determine the diversity of butterfly species in 5 sub-ecosystems in Tanjung Puting National Park. The five sub-ecosy...

Tomato is the most preferred host plant for Tuta absoluta, a newly emerged devastating invasive pest in China. However, no study has evaluated the damage risk of T. absoluta on processed tomato worldwide. In the current study, the life table parameters of T. absoluta were systematically investigated on five tomato cultivars (one fresh tomato cultiv...

DNA barcoding and morphological characters together with thorough bioecological investigations to diagnose field bean pod borer, Adisura atkinsoni Moore, 1881 an important pest was carried out. A. atkinsoni has a limited host range. The incidence of Adisura was higher on local varieties (photo sensitive) compared to HA4 hybrid (photo-insensitive)....

Implementation of IPM in arable crops requires affordable monitoring tools. YATLORf traps baited with a synthetic pheromone lure for a target species have proven to be effective for monitoring Europe’s most harmful soil pests: Agriotes spp. After the suitable lure position for each of the main Agriotes species was ascertained, different combination...

A global worry today is producing enough food to feed a population that is expanding. The world's arable land area cannot be further increased because almost all of its fertile land is already in use. Ensuring high-quality harvests while maintaining environmental compatibility in agricultural production is a global concern. When it comes to the div...

The sex attractant butan-2-yl dodec-2-enoate (a patented name ‘EFETOV-2’) synthesised at the Crimean Federal University was tested in the Far East of Russia and Eastern Siberia in 2022 and the Republic of South Africa in 2019. The males of three Zygaenidae species (Lepidoptera) were attracted in our field experiments, viz. Illiberis (Nikilliberis)...

A species’ diet is highly dependent on the availability of food resources in space and time, as well as on intrinsic factors such as sex or age. Accurate assessments of variations in the diet composition of bird populations across spatial scales, seasons and demographic groups are essential not only for understanding the basic ecology of species, b...

Background: Although use of synthetic insecticides causes excellent control of insect pests, it leads to adverse effects on non-target organisms as well as the environment. The present study determining the chemical composition and insecticidal activities of essential oil extracted from the leaves of rough cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium and its bio...

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Elophila nymphaeata (the Brown China-mark moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Crambidae). The genome sequence is 734.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z and W sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been ass...

Spodopotera frugiperda is a worldwide invasive pest that has caused significant economic damage. According to the classical biological control approach, natural enemies that can control invasive pests come from the same area of origin as the pests that have experienced coadaptation processes. However, the new association’s approach suggests that lo...

The African striped stemborer Chilo zacconius (Blensynski) is a major pest of rice in Nigeria. The life cycle of the African striped stemborer C. zacconius was assessed under laboratory conditions. The egg incubation period was 5.08 ± 0.19 days. while the mean duration of the I,II, III, IV, V instars were 4.97 ± 0.14, 6.73 ± 0.28, 8.13 ± 0.38,9.00...

The pine processionary moth (PPM), Thaumetopoea pityocampa, is a harmful insect as the urticating hairs of late-instar larvae can cause severe allergic reactions in humans and other mammals. The biology of PPM is quite unique as larvae are active in the cold season and leave their nests to feed on pine needles during night, when night temperatures...

Citation: Chumakov SV, Goshko DV, Korshunov AV, Yakovlev RV (2024) The Red Admiral (Vanessa atalanta) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) continues to expand its range in Eurasia. Acta Biologica Sibirica 10: 47-54. https://doi. Abstract The article describes the distribution dynamics of the widely spread species Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidopter...

Based on new evidence from morphology, ecology, and DNA barcodes, the taxon originally described as Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) valiabadi asadii Charmeux, 2016, is raised to a specific rank, Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) asadii bona species. It is endemic to Northern Iran and confined to the Dalasm valley in the Alborz mountains. Its preferred larval hos...

Spodoptera exigua is a major pest in onion cultivation. S.exigua larvae have a rapid spread and can cause yield losses of up to 20-100% if not controlled. Soursop leaf extract and betel leaf pesticides can cause mortality in S.exigua pests. This is due to secondary metabolites found in soursop leaf extract and betel leaf such as acetogenin, alkaloi...

Phylogenetic relationships among Holometabola have been the subject of controversy. The value of the wing base structure in phylogenetic analysis has been demonstrated but remains largely underexplored and scarce in studies of Holometabola. We studied the phylogenetic relationships among Holometabola (excluding Siphonaptera), focusing exclusively o...

Shifts over time (phenology) and space (latitude and elevation range) represent common ecological responses to climate change. However, the factors determining how changes in phenology and distribution interact, and the consequences for conservation, remain uncertain. Here, we assess how phenology responded to temperature over four decades of warmi...

The successful application of cutting-edge computer vision technology to automatic insect classification has long been a focus of research in insect taxonomy. The results of this research have a wide range of applications in areas such as environmental monitoring, pest diagnosis and epidemiology. However, there is still a gap between the current te...

The ability to estimate the risk of pest infestation can help farmers to reduce pesticide application and provide guidance that would result in better management decisions. This study tested whether different combinations of spatial and temporal risk factors may be used to predict the damage potential of pea moth, Cydia nigricana Fabricius (Lepidop...

The genus Carriola Swinhoe, 1922, which is considered a recent synonym of Arctornis Germar, 1810, is revised on the basis of the wing pattern, the absence of abdominal tymbal organs and the genitalia of both sexes. Diagnostic and faunistic data are provided for the five known species previously classified as Carriola . In addition, four new species...

Sitotroga cerealella is a serious pest of a wide range of stored cereal grains. An essential element of an integrated pest control approach is the application of plant oils as a substitute for chemical insecticides. This study aimed to investigate the fumigant toxicity of Allium sativum and Mentha piperita essential oils against S. cerealella adult...

The family Lycaenidae is a widely distributed and species-rich group with approximately 5300 described species. The rare genus Qinorapala Chou & Wang, with Q. qinlingana Chou & Wang as its type species was established as monotypic. In the original description, Q. qinlingana was described from a male holotype; the female remained unknown. To date, t...

Our understanding on the interplay between gene functionality and gene arrangement at different chromosome scales relies on a few Diptera and the honeybee, species with quality-reference genome assemblies, accurate gene annotations, and abundant transcriptome data. Using recently generated ‘omics resources in the monarch butterfly D. plexippus, a s...

En el presente estudio, los nichos trófico y bioclimático de Liolaemus annectens y L. etheridgei son evaluados. Ambas especies se distribuyen en la región andina del sur del Perú. La comparación interespecífica del nicho trófico reveló a Lygaeidae (Hemiptera) como presa fundamental de L. etheridgei, mientras que las presas fundamentales en la dieta...

The proportions of A:T and G:C nucleotide pairs are often unequal and can vary greatly between animal species and along chromosomes. The causes and consequences of this variation are incompletely understood. The recent release of high-quality genome sequences from the Darwin Tree of Life and other large-scale genome projects provides an opportunity...

The objective of this study was to deeply understand the adaptation mechanism of the functional traits of Moso bamboo Phyllostachys pubescens syn. edulis (Poales: Poaceae) leaves to the environment under different Pantana phyllostachysae Chao damage levels, analyzing the changes in the relationship between specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matt...

In instances of severe infestations, Nepticulidae larvae can inflict damage on cultivated plants. Previously, it was assumed that the Prunus-feeding Nepticulidae have continuous distribution from Europe to the neighboring Caucasus. During recent fieldwork in the Caucasus, leaf mines were found on plum trees that initially resembled those of Stigmel...

The author presents new bionomic and geographical data on Aristotelia calastomella (Christoph, 1872). He concludes that the species reaches the western limit of its geographical distribution in the Pannonian biogeographical region. Forest-steppe remnants in the Danube-Tisza Interfluve region of Hungary are relics of degraded, ancient habitats of th...

Rhabditis (Rhabditella) axei is a free-living, pseudoparasitic, necromenic, and parasitic nematode, depending on the host. This species feeds mainly on bacteria present in decaying organic matter, soil, and other substrates; however, in its parasitic form, it can colonize some species of snails. Moreover, the presence of R. axei has also been detec...

Ypsolopha Latreille, 1796 (Lepidoptera, Ypsolophidae) is a genus comprised mostly of Holarctic micromoth species with a fairly broad range of larval hosts (e.g. Aceraceae, Rosaceae, and Fagaceae). The only previous record of herbivory on a representative of the South American genus Adesmia DC. (Fabaceae) was based on the discovery of Ypsolopha molt...

During an opportunistic field survey in the Balh Valley of the district Mandi in Himachal Pradesh Tajuria yajna yajna (Doherty, 1886) was documented for the first time. The species has never been reported from Himachal Pradesh and hence the present study extends the known distribution range of T. y. yajna in the North West Himalayas. The study also...

A traça-das-crucíferas, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), é um inseto comumente encontrado na cultura das brássicas, sendo o principal responsável pelos prejuízos econômicos nesta cultura. O manejo químico utilizado para o seu controle, além de elevar os custos econômicos, não são ambientalmente saudáveis. Como alternativa,...

Montane biodiversity is particularly vulnerable to rapid oscillations in environmental conditions. Recent modelling showed that only three of the 19 butterfly species of Erebia (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) currently present in Iberia would persist in a worst‐case scenario for 2070. One of them is Erebia palarica , endemic to Northwest Spain. We combine...

The present study deals with the butterfly diversity of Kaziranga National Orchid and Biodiversity Park, Golaghat district, Assam, India which was a survey-based study of five consecutive days from 6 th to 10 th February, 2024. The study recoded 72 butterfly species belonging to 52 genera and six families namely Papilionidae (6 species), Nymphalida...

In most ectotherms, several life‐history traits, including body size, respond to environmental conditions through the temperature–size rule (TSR). The mechanisms underlying the TSR are still being debated, but studying idiobiont insect parasitoids, which develop with a fixed amount of resources, may shed light on this relationship. In this study, w...

In this chapter, we will address the effectiveness of these two powerful insecticidal plant species on the survival of eggs and larvae of Bemisia spp. (Hemiptera), Sordidus spp. (Coleoptera) and Spodoptera spp. (Lepidoptera). To obtain the essential oil, the cold pressing method described by Pinheiro and adapted by Barroso was used, where 900 g of...

Pheromone communication is widespread among animals. Since it is often involved in mate choice, pheromone production is often tightly controlled. Although male sex pheromones (MSPs) and anti-aphrodisiacs have been studied in some Heliconius butterfly species, little is known about the factors affecting their production and release in these long-liv...

1. The hydrogen stable isotope ratios (δ2H) in tissues of terrestrial insects are widely applied to estimate natal origins in field populations. The hydrogen isotopes of insect tissues incorporate those of environmental waters through the insects′ metabolic processes. Water sources and abiotic environmental factors reflect changes in plant physiolo...

Key message Taxadiene synthase, taxadiene-5α-hydroxylase, and taxane 13α-hydroxylase genes were introduced into Nicotiana benthamiana, and the improved resistance to lepidoptera pest fall armyworm was reported. Abstract Fall armyworm (FAW) is a serious agricultural pest. Genetic engineering techniques have been used to create pest-resistant plant...

Agricultural intensification affects natural and crop ecosystems, and increases the risk of agricultural pests in agroecosystems. Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest that damages a wide range of crops. However, the effect of agricultural intensification on the genetic diversity of this pest is still unclear. In...

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a quantitative risk assessment of Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), the eggplant fruit and shoot borer, for the EU. The assessment focused on potential pathways for entry, climatic conditions favouring establishment, spread and impact. Options fo...

Background: The level of diversity has a crucial role in the stability of the ecosystem. The higher the variety, the more stable an ecosystem, including agricultural land cultivated by farmers. Increasing of population affected the higher demanding of community towards their consumption activities. Especially, the natural resources that comes from...

Situated in the Eastern section of the European Alps, Austria encompasses a great diversity of different habitat types, ranging from alpine to lowland Pannonian ecosystems, and a correspondingly high level of species diversity, some of which has been addressed in various DNA barcoding projects. Here, we report a DNA barcode library of all the 476 s...

A moss-mimic caterpillar of Moduza Moore, [1881] (Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae) is reported and illustrated from Mindanao, Philippines.

В статье приводится новая находка Phytometra amata (Butler, 1879) из Алтайского края. Вид впервые указывается для фауны Западной Сибири, для Русского Алтая и Предалтайского региона Каталога чешуекрылых России. Граница сибирской части ареала вида расширена почти на 500 км на юго-запад. Приводится список совкообразных чешуекрылых (Noctuoidea), встреч...

Mass rearing of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) eggs is a laborious task requiring investment of time, equipment and man hour work. The use of a surrogate prey/host, as Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), easily obtained and maintain, could be an option to undertake experiments. The aim of this study was to test...

Bu çalışmada; MeBr'e alternatif olarak Propilen Oksit (PPO)’in P. interpunctella'nın hızlı kontrolü için potansiyel kullanımı araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, ürünlü (kabuklu fındık ve kuru incir) ve ürünsüz ortamlarda P. interpunctella'nın tüm biyolojik dönemlerine (yumurta, larva, pupa ve ergin) karşı tek başına 10 µl/l PPO (normal basınç), 10 µl/l PP...

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is a widely applied technique for accurately assessing the expression of target genes. In practice, the evaluation of gene expression requires appropriate reference genes. To screen reliable reference genes for evaluating gene expression via qRT-PCR in Mythimna loreyi, a notorious migratory pest across Asia, Afr...

Mate preference learning, including imprinting-like learning, is pervasive across animal taxa, and can affect the selection and maintenance of certain phenotypes. However, not much is known about the temporal dynamics behind imprinting-like learning, or the genetic underpinnings underlying it. To uncover the temporal dynamics of imprinting-like lea...

Larvae of numerous Noctuidae and Nolidae species have significant annual economic losses in agriculture. DNA-based diagnostics have been proposed as an effective way to accelerate the identification and discovery of new species. This study aimed to determine the utility of up to 642 bp Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I (COI) barcodes for identifying 1...

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Musotima nitidalis (the Golden-brown Fern moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Crambidae). The genome sequence is 555.6 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z and W sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been ass...

Catálogo de los geométridos (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) del monte Perímetro de Buitrago (Comunidad de Madrid), basado en las fotografías tomadas por el autor entre los años 2013 y 2018. Se han registrado 69 especies, de las subfamilias Ennominae, Geometrinae, Larentiinae y Sterhinae.

Etainia thoraceleuca van Nieukerken, Epstein & Davis, sp. nov. is the second native American species of Etainia Beirne, 1945, and the second known Etainia species feeding on Ericaceae. The species is known from light-collected adults in the USA (California, Arizona) and Canada (Ontario). These were linked via DNA barcodes to larvae that make short...

Frass, a byproduct of insect rearing, has become popular for its potential use in sustainable agriculture. The rapid growth of insect production results in an increased frass output. This study examined the effects of frass as soil amendment on plant growth and resistance to insect herbivory. In greenhouse experiments, Brassica rapa L. (Brassicacea...

The Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), is a serious migratory pest. After invading China in 2019, the species was established as a year-round breeding population in most of the southern provinces. The area of winter maize in this region has been increasing due to the huge demand of fresh maize consumption, which is poten...

Several yellow larvae with black spots were discovered in the wild of Chinese Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, and were further raised in captivity. Reared adults exhibit a striking black and white wing pattern, and they represent unequivocally a new species, here described as Rondotia melanoleuca sp. nov. Molecular analyses suggest that this species...

The study of pathogenicity and virulence of fungal strains, in vivo in the preclinical phase, is carried out through the use of animal models belonging to various classes of mammals (rodents, leproids, etc.). Although animals are functionally more similar to humans, these studies have some limitations in terms of ethics (animal suffering), user-fri...

Although Trichogramma principium (Sugonjaev & Sorokina) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is an effective natural enemy in agricultural ecosystems, its tri-trophic interactions should be investigated in more detail. In the present study, life table parameters of the parasitoid wasp and its population projection were investigated under controlled con...

Urbanization alters the natural environment, with broad negative impacts on living organisms. Urbanization can also disrupt plant-pollinator networks by reducing the abundance and diversity of invertebrates. Firstly, I investigated whether the field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) is an obligatory entomophilous plant because previous reports were a...

New data on the distribution of the poorly known Noctuidae species, Cteipolia murina (Ménétriés, 1848) is provided, the species is reported from West, Central, Northeast, and the northern Southeast Kazakhstan, and its female genitalia are illustrated and diagnosed for the first time. The authorship of the species is discussed. The similar species,...

Insectivorous bats are generalist predators and can flexibly respond to fluctuations in the distribution and abundance of insect prey. To better understand the effects of bats on arthropod pests, the types of pests eaten by bats and the response of bats to insect prey need to be determined. In this study, we performed DNA metabarcoding to examine p...

Competition between parasitoids for available hosts is common in insects. These interactions are often negative and are believed to reduce the overall impact of top‐down population regulation. In the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), two parasitoid species are very common and often interact during the pe...

The impact that is feared from geothermal activities, among others, is the decrease in flora-fauna biodiversity, especially in areas that have important values for the life of protected flora-fauna. This study aims to assess the diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) at the location of the PT Pertamina Geothermal Energy (PGE) Lumut Bal...

New records of clear-wing moths (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) associated with Quercus spp. in Extremadura (SW Spain) are provided. The occurrence of Paranthrene insolita Le Cerf, 1914 and Synanthedon conopiformis (Esper, [1782]) in the province of Badajoz and that of Synanthedon codeti (Oberthür, 1881) in the province of Cáceres, is recorded for the firs...

Cultivation of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is of significant global importance, especially in Bangladesh, where it ranks second after potato. The production of brinjal in Bangladesh was 619000 Mt in 2021-22. However, the annual brinjal production in Bangladesh lags behind to leading brinjal-producing countries like India, China, and Japan due to...

Comparative analysis of unmanned aerial vehicle and conventional spray systems for the maize fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae) management. Plant Protect Sci. Abstract: Insecticidal interventions at critical stages of maize are an important strategy for managing invasive insect pest fall armyworm (FAW) Spodopt...

This study aims to assess the diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) at the location of the PT Pertamina Geothermal Energy (PGE) Lumut Balai Geothermal powerplant, Muara Enim, South Sumatra. This rapid survey was carried out on 4-15 June 2023, taking place in 7 locations namely Cluster 5, Cluster 6, Cluster 7, Cluster 9, Cluster 10, AP...

A little-known Noctuidae species Mythimna (Sablia) phlebitis (Püngeler, 1904) is reported from Kazakhstan for the first time. The previously unknown female of the species is illustrated and described. Adults as well as male and female genitalia are illustrated.

Three Central Asian species of the genus Catocala Schrank, 1802, Catocala neglecta Staudinger, 1888, Catocala repudiata Staudinger, 1888, and Catocala desiderata Staudinger, 1888 are found in the valley of the upper Irtysh River in the east of the Zaisan Depression, East Kazakhstan. Catocala neglecta is also found in the northern spurs of the Saur...

Erannis jacobsoni Djak (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) is a leaf-feeding pest unique to Mongolia. Outbreaks of this pest can cause larch needles to shed slowly from the top until they die, leading to a serious imbalance in the forest ecosystem. In this work, to address the need for the low-cost, fast, and effective identification of this pest, we used f...

Resistance of horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum ‘Mertelík’ to Cameraria ohridella was proven in the trial under semi-field conditions. Seedlings of vulnerable and resistant trees were grown together in rearing cages and were exposed to the strong attack from C. ohridella larvae. Significant differences in leaflet injuries were observed between...