Flocculation - Science method

Saponite is classified as a trioctahedral mineral of the smectite group.Natural saponite of the Lomonosov deposit (Arkhangelsk region, Russia) is represented as Na-or Ca-forms according to XRD analysis. The interlayer space of the structure contains water molecules. The saponite clay sampled at the deposit is represented by pulp. The clay powder fo...

This article discusses whether or to what extent flocculation plays a role in the saline deep-sea environment and whether sediment plumes generated by deep-sea mining activities are affected by the process of flocculation. The results of our laboratory study demonstrate that deep sea mineral clay with a median floc size of 20 μm can flocculate quic...

The continuous updating of deep learning algorithms and theories has laid a solid foundation for the development of the machine vision field. Automated detection technology has become a hot topic of research in the field of machine vision in recent years. In this paper, we first introduce the traditional one-dimensional and two-dimensional image se...

In recent times, there has been an increased emphasis on chicken welfare within the poultry industry, leading to the adoption of camera-based solutions for continuous monitoring of broilers' activity and health parameters. Accurate detection and localization of broilers within the pen are crucial input for various welfare monitoring applications. H...

Bird flocking is a paradigmatic case of self‐organised collective behaviours in biology. Stereo camera systems are employed to observe flocks of starlings, jackdaws, and chimney swifts, mainly on a spot‐fixed basis. A portable non‐fixed stereo vision‐based flocking observation system, namely FlockSeer, is developed by the authors for observing more...

To control water quality and seawater desalination dosage, modeling the coagulation process of saltwater is crucial. With a focus on the features of seawater coagulation with a long lag, a machine-learning sequence-based modeling approach is suggested. The link between influent and effluent turbidities, flow rates, flocculant and coagulant dosages,...

This paper discusses the anthropological opening to ‘Nature’ as Design, focusing on the emerging educative role of monasticism as an alternative technology of everyday living -beyond institutionalized teachings of Christocentric and Anthropocentric dogmatisms of both Monasteries and/or Universities. This paper is based on extensive research in comp...

For centuries, mountain grasslands have been part of the grazing cycle of sheep and cattle in extensive management systems in the Pyrenees; however, traditional guided herding has been, in many cases, replaced by free-ranging flocks at these pastures. The goal of this study was to analyze the grazing behavior of free-ranging sheep in mountain pastu...

The study evaluated response to selection from within-breed selection strategy for conventional (CBS) and genomic (GBS) breeding schemes. These breeding schemes were evaluated in both high-health environments (nucleus) and smallholder farms (commercial). Breeding goal was to develop a dual-purpose IC for both eggs and meat through selective breedin...

Wastewater generated during the production of pomace olive oil is complex and highly variable due to different cultivation and processing characteristics. It has a high toxic organic load, low pH, and high chemical and biological demands. To reduce the concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phenolic compounds (TPh) in pomace olive...

Enrichment of ultrafine liberated valuable minerals from their associated gangue phases is one of the emerging investigation topics within mineral processing and recycling. Using green flotation reagents and turning processes into eco-friendly systems is also one of the challenges in the green transition of ore beneficiation plants. Starch and Tani...

With the current progress in the ‘design’ and ‘build’ stages of the ‘design-build-test-learn’ cycle, many synthetic biology projects become ‘test-limited’. Advances in the parallelization of microbes cultivations are of great aid, however, for many species down-scaling leaves a metabolic footprint. Yarrowia lipolytica is one such demanding yeast sp...

Ordered, collective motions commonly arise spontaneously in systems of many interacting, active units, ranging from cellular tissues and bacterial colonies to self-propelled colloids and animal flocks. Active phases are especially rich when the active units are sufficiently anisotropic to produce liquid crystalline order and thus active nematic phe...

To evaluate the genetic quality and provide available management strategies for Blue‐crowned laughingthrush (BCLT), fifteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed and applied. The genetic diversity of wild individuals was indicated to be higher than the two captive populations. The average number of alleles (5.50 ± 0.317), the number of eff...

Respiratory tract infections in poultry have become serious problems with negative consequences for poultry production. Among these diseases, mycoplasmosis and avian pneumoviruses stand out, which, despite being relevant in poultry health, have not been systematically investigated in Brazil, especially regarding the interaction between these agents...

This paper aims to assess the structures' seismic response with a system of Single-degree-of-freedom exposed to near-fault earthquakes, taking into account the effect of pulse period, shear wave velocity (VS30), and fault mechanism. Strong ground motion data were taken for different events in different places around the world and the prism software...

HE OBJECTIVE of this work was to elaborate gene expression and serum profile of oxidative/antioxidant and bone markers associated with minerals deficiency and their correlation with mineral deficiency in sheep. The study was carried out on 26 selected diseases cases out of survey on 250 sheep suffered from mineral deficiency compared to 10 apparent...

The COVID-19 outbreak experienced worldwide has affected all production areas as well as livestock breeding. This study was aimed at determining the situation of sheep breeders in Ordu province during the COVID-19 outbreak and offering solution suggestions. In the study, data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 72 enterprises reg...

Cactus cladodes have been emerged as one of the most popular plant-based flocculants. They have been listed as a promising natural alternative to the noxious synthetic flocculants. However, practical application of this bio-flocculant is still hampered by some questions concerning their formulations’ stability, active agents therein and their flocc...

The optimization and modeling of the electrocoagulation process which conducted by means of current density (X1), temperature (X2), and CTABr surfactant concentration (X3), in the removal of Remazol Red RB 133, were performed through the response surface methodology (RSM). The experiments were conducted in a batch reactor with 304 stainless steel e...

In Europe, the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum is transmitted by sandflies. A recent study found that sheep had antibodies against this parasite, triggered questions about the role of these animals in the life cycle. Therefore, blood samples from sheep and goats from two southern German states, Baden-Wuerttemberg (BW) and Bavaria (BAV), were...

With China’s rapid modernization and urbanization in the 1980s, hundreds of millions of farmers have flocked from the countryside to the cities in search of jobs. They are internal migrant workers. Since rural-to-urban migrants are mainly young and middle-aged laborers, their ‘family’ in the cities is often limited to two adults living as a couple,...

Water recycling in mining is essential to decrease water usage, which results in the accumulation of high concentrations of inorganic and organic substances in the process water. Consequently, adverse impacts on the flotation process of copper sulfides may arise. High-molecular-weight polymers based on anionic polyacrylamides (PAMs) are used as tai...

The challenges to feed the world in 2050 are becoming more and more apparent. This calls for producing more with fewer inputs (most of them under scarcity), higher resource efficiency, minimum or zero effect on the environment, and higher sustainability. Therefore, increasing the circularity of production systems is highly significant for their sus...

We undertake a numerical study of the ordering kinetics in the two-dimensional (2d) active Ising model (AIM), a discrete flocking model with a conserved density field coupled to a non-conserved magnetization field. We find that for a quench into the liquid-gas coexistence region and in the ordered liquid region, the characteristic length scale of b...

Anaerobic digestion of animal manure generates biogas and removes biodegradable organic matter, while most of the nitrogen and phosphorous remains at very high levels after the process. A subsequent microalgae culture in the digestate provides nutrient uptake at very low operational and installation costs. However, the dark color of manure digestat...

After decades of attention, emergence continues to lack a centralized mathematical definition that leads to a rigorous emergence test applicable to physical flocks and swarms, particularly those containing both deterministic elements (eg, interactions) and stochastic perturbations like measurement noise. This study develops a heuristic test based o...

Complexity science studies physical phenomena that cannot be explained by the mere analysis of the single units of a system but requires to account for their interactions. A feature of complexity in connected systems is the emergence of mesoscale patterns in a geometric space, such as groupings in bird flocks. These patterns are formed by groups of...

In this paper, we present a novel non-deep-learning-based approach for real-time object tracking and activity recognition within smart homes, aiming to minimize human intervention and dataset requirements. Our method utilizes discreet, easily concealable sensors and passive RFID technology to track objects in real-time, enabling precise activity re...

Commercial hatcheries often store eggs before incubation, and one method used to enhance hatchability is egg turning during this storage period. This study focuses on exploring how egg storage affects egg weight changes and how turning during storage can impact chick hatching. The experiment involved assessing the influence of storage duration and...

Marine-terrestrial transitional source rocks are the main source rocks in several offshore basins in China, and their differential distribution characteristics restrict the prediction accuracy of source rocks and the effectiveness of oil and gas exploration. And the transport and sedimentation process of terrestrial organic matter determines the qu...

The existence of ultraviolet (UV) biofluorescence in nature has been documented in a wide range of flora and fauna. Biofluorescence is utilised throughout biological and ecological functionality, and although invisible to the human visual perception, this spectral range is known to be integral for communication across flocks, swarms, shoals and bet...

Chemical compounds, such as the CS gas employed in military operations, have a number of characteristics that impact the ecosystem by upsetting its natural balance. In this work, the toxicity limit and microorganism’s reaction to the oxidative stress induced by O-chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile, a chemical found in CS gas, were assessed in relation to...

Footpad dermatitis (FPD) is characterized by lesions on the plantar region of the footpad. It is one of the most common foot health problems and welfare issues mainly described for broilers and turkeys. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the presence of this footpad disorder in laying hens as well as to identify typical risk factors for FPD...

Fe/Cu bimetallic catalysts have a synergistic effect that can effectively enhance catalytic activity, so Fe/Cu bimetallic catalysts have been extensively studied. However, the efficacy and mechanisms of Fe/Cu bimetallic catalysts’ peroxidation activation have rarely been explored. In this study, Fe/Cu bimetallic materials were fabricated to catalyz...

We investigate parametric resonance in oscillator networks subjected to periodically time-varying oscillations in the edge strengths. Such models are inspired by the well-known parametric resonance phenomena for single oscillators, as well as the potential rich phenomenology when such parametric excitations are present in a variety of applications...

Subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) is a prevalent issue in intensive livestock farming, particularly associated with high-concentrate diets. This study investigates the prevalence and impact of SARA in Greek dairy sheep farming and explores the use of computerized rumen colorimetry as a management and diagnostic tool for SARA in dairy sheep farms. Fort...

Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is a highly pathogenic and oncogenic alpha herpesvirus that causes Marek’s disease (MD), which is one of the most important immunosuppressive and rapid-onset neoplastic diseases in poultry. The onset of MD lymphomas and other clinical diseases can be efficiently prevented by vaccination; these vaccines are heralded as th...

Nature utilizes bottom‐up approaches to fabricate defined structures with highly complex, anisotropic and functional features. One prominent example is cacti spines, which exhibit a hierarchically structured conical morphology with a longitudinal microstructured surface. Here, a bottom‐up approach to fabricate supramolecular microstructured spines...

Taking inspiration from diverse interlocking and adhesion structures found in nature, a biaxially interlocking interface is developed in this work. This interface is formed by interconnecting two electrostatically flocked substrates and its mechanical strength is enhanced through the incorporation of enoki‐mushroom‐shaped microfibers and deposited...

In recent years, mobile commerce has gained widespread acceptance across many strata of society. Its growth can be attributed to demographic and technical shifts that have shaped many parts of contemporary sociocultural behavior. Any activity carried out over a mobile device that has a specific monetary value is referred to as mobile commerce. Cons...

Frazil ice particles form in turbulent supercooled water and frazil flocs form by aggregation of frazil particles in the turbulent flow through the process of flocculation. Frazil flocs eventually become buoyant enough that they rise to the surface becoming frazil ice pans, contributing to the surface ice generation and ice cover formation. In this...

In recent years, mobile commerce has gained widespread acceptance across many strata of society. Its growth can be attributed to demographic and technical shifts that have shaped many parts of contemporary sociocultural behavior. Any activity carried out over a mobile device that has a specific monetary value is referred to as mobile commerce. Cons...

High-sediment water (HSW) drip irrigation has the potential to address agricultural water shortages. However, the sediment flocculation in HSW causes serious technical and economic problems (e.g., emitter clogging). Fertilizer application has been demonstrated to significantly affect sediment flocculation, but the effects of various types of fertil...

THIS STUDY aims to molecular characterization of the Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV) in young broilers in the Giza governorate, Egypt in 2021, assess the genetic diversity among the proliferating viruses, and vaccine strains, and evaluate their pathogenicity to improve viral management. Viral protein 2 (VP2) gene was amplified and subsequently conducted...

Campylobacter is a leading cause of food-borne gastroenteritis worldwide, linked to the consumption of contaminated poultry meat. Targeting this pathogen at source, vaccines for poultry can provide short-term caecal reductions in Campylobacter numbers in the chicken intestine. However, this approach is unlikely to reduce Campylobacter in the food c...

Purpose To explore the computed tomography (CT) features of bronchopneumonia caused by pepper aspiration to improve the diagnosis. Materials and Methods 28 adult patients diagnosed with obstructive pneumonia caused by pepper aspiration from January 2016 to September 2022 were enrolled. The CT characteristics of bronchial changes and pulmonary lesi...

Background: Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite and a main cause of abortions in cattle worldwide. However, its role in abortions and decreased fertility in sheep is not completely understood, especially due to the complex, multifactorial etiology of abortions. This study aimed to perform a longitudinal field study to investigate the epidemiol...

How do update rules affect the dynamical and steady state properties of a flock? In this study, we have explored the active Ising spins (s = +-1) in one dimension, where spin updates its orientation according to the Metropolis algorithm (based on the neighbors) via two different update rules. (i) Parallel, and (ii) Random-sequential. We explore the...

The study investigated the effects of giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) and ascorbic acid supplementation along with different bedding materials (sand B1, saw dust B2 and wheat straw B3) on egg production status of Japanese quails. Total 432 chicks (7 day-old) of Japanese quails were divided into three equal groups (144 each) for different bedding mater...

Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is an avian oncogenic retrovirus that can impair immunological function, stunt growth and decrease egg production in avian flocks. The capsid protein (P27) is an attractive candidate for ALV diagnostics. In the present study, a new hybridoma cell (1F8) stably secreting an anti-P27 monoclonal antibody (mAb) was developed....

Recently, frequent flood disasters in China have seriously threatened economic development and public safety. This paper addresses the need for a dynamic urban flood emergency knowledge management system in emergency management departments and the lack of systematic knowledge among emergency managers regarding urban flood control. A multimodal know...

This paper reports the development and characterization of a novel ultrawideband microwave absorber material (MAM) based on vertically aligned carbon fibers and ferrite beads. This specific material combination and manufacturing process allows MAM design that is thin, lightweight, and broadband. The material is prepared using a flocking process in...

The application of optimization theory and the algorithms that are generated from it has increased along with science and technology's continued advancement. Numerous issues in daily life can be categorized as combinatorial optimization issues. Swarm intelligence optimization algorithms have been successful in machine learning, process control, and...

Tank mixes are widely used to control weeds, fungi, insects, and nematodes to increase the control spectrum. However, little is known about the interactions that may occur due to the different types of formulations and products used. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction and compatibility between different classes of products (herbicides, fu...

Around 10.5 million tonnes of sheep milk are produced worldwide, and around 3.1 million tonnes in Europe. In Europe, sheep milk production has stagnated slightly in recent years and currently accounts for around 1/3 of the global production. Due to its high content of dry matter, milk fat, total protein and casein, sheep milk is an excellent raw ma...

Poultry production makes a substantial contribution to global food security, providing energy, protein, and essential micro-nutrients to humans. Modern intensive poultry farming systems are challenged by the evolution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza strains. The presence of avian influenza in poultry flocks poses a significant risk of an avian...

The article reveals the features of North Caucasian everyday life in the first half of the 19th century and the fate of people who suffered from the raids of the highlanders. The main attention is paid to the consequences of the destruction of families as a result of the loss of one of the spouses who was captured. The practice of entering into a n...

Campylobacter spp. are the leading causes of ovine abortions leading to severe economic losses and a source of bacterial food borne illness in humans, posing a major public health concern. This study reports an increase in Brucella negative abortions in sheep farms in Kashmir, India in the last few years. Screening of sheep farms was carried to...

This study investigated the potential of using biochar and Moringa oleifera seed proteins for sustainable greywater treatment in rural Kenya. Greywater samples from washing clothes were collected from households in the Kenyan counties of Kwale and Siaya. Two treatment methods, batch stirring and filtration, were used to assess the effectiveness of...

Reviewing the current state of knowledge on reproductive performance and productive traits in rams has many advantages. First, the compilation of this information will serve as a literature resource for scientists conducting research around the world and will contribute to the understanding of the data collected and interpreted by researchers on th...

We address the problem of efficient detection of clusters of co-moving objects in a collection of molecular trajectories which, in addition to proximity, also satisfy semantic criteria in terms of chemical properties of interest. Specifically, we are interested in the motion of atoms from different molecules that at some point of the motion form Hy...

Much has been written about the energetic effects of animals moving in schools or flocks, but experimental results are few and often ambiguous. A new study in PLOS Biology shows that schooling greatly reduces the cost of transport for fish in turbulent flow.

The highlands of the province of Loja are range between 1,800 and 2,400 meters above sea level and with temperatures that do not exceed 15°C that find small flocks of sheep managed in extensive grazing and roped. Analyze the reproductive activity of sheep under these environmental conditions was the objective of this study. The database was collect...

The community-based breeding program (CBBP) for Bonga sheep was introduced with the objective of improving the productivity of sheep and income of producers. Technical evaluation of the program reported outstanding outcomes in growth and reproductive traits of the animals. Further participatory evaluation allowing farmers to assess the relevance an...

The soil leaching process for efficient heavy metal-contaminated soil remediation is usually completed with mud-water separation. However, the influence of mud-water separation on the removal effect of heavy metals is little known. The study aims to investigate the linkage effect of soil leaching and flocculation dewatering on mud flocculation and...

Dispersions of amino-functionalized silica in ethylene glycol (EG) and in aqueous glycol show excellent stability at room temperature. Stability at elevated temperatures would be much desired with respect to their potential application as heat-transfer fluids. Amino-functionalized silica was dispersed in EG and in 50–50 aqueous EG by mass. HCl and...

Surveys for the tricolored blackbird (Agelaius tricolor), a California-listed threatened species, are needed to provide essential information about its status and distribution to support conservation efforts. Surveying for the species, however, poses challenges because of its colonial nesting habits, large flock sizes, and frequent interannual move...

Despite the profound implications of self-organization in animal groups for collective behaviors, understanding the fundamental principles and applying them to swarm robotics remains incomplete. Here we propose a heuristic measure of perception of motion salience (MS) to quantify relative motion changes of neighbors from first-person view. Leveragi...

Attacks on livestock threaten grazing practices in mountainous regions, necessitating effective management interventions for human–carnivore conflict mitigation and coexistence enhancement. From June to October 2023, 58 out of 149 stockmen practicing summer grazing on the alpine pasture of the Friuli Venezia Giulia region (North–Eastern Italy) were...

Os efluentes têxteis são um desafio para a indústria devido o potencial de comprometimento da qualidade ambiental proveniente da composição heterogênea e dos poluentes presentes nessas águas residuais. Com isso, tratamentos físico-químicos baseados nos processos de coagulação e floculação e processos de adsorção têm sido amplamente aplicados no tra...

We introduce a family of lattice-gas models of flocking, whose thermodynamically consistent dynamics admits a proper equilibrium limit at vanishing self-propulsion. These models are amenable to an exact coarse-graining which allows us to study their hydrodynamic behavior analytically. We show that the equilibrium limit here belongs to the universal...

Prior research suggests that members of terrorist groups prioritize forming network ties based on trust to improve their organizational and operational security. The homophily principle, which postulates that individuals tend to form relationships based on shared characteristics, can be a key mechanism through which people identify trustworthy asso...

The study presents the application of cationic celluloses in sludge dewatering. The source of cellulose used in this study were microcrystalline cellulose and alkaline-treated rice straw. The cationic celluloses were synthesized in a two-step reaction involving oxidation of cellulose with sodium periodate and followed by Schiff base reaction with G...

In this research, The effect of using electrocoagulation technology in removal the organic material (COD), from wastewater is practiced. Continuous flow of electrocoagulation in experimental system was designed and turned on. It consists of electrocoagulation reactor with constant volume (2L), flocculation basin and sedemintation basin with differe...

External eye appearance in avian taxa has been proposed to be driven by social and ecological functions. Recent research in primates suggests, instead, that, photoprotective functions are important drivers of external eye appearance. Using similar methods, we examined the variation in external eye appearance of 132 parrot species (Psittaciformes) i...

Introduction: The field of rural landscape design deals with the design and recovery of rural areas and landscape in a way that it can support natural biodiversity in addition to human needs in sustainable ways as well as maintaining its cultural character. It employs the use of plants, landforms and some water without interference with the environ...

Turbidity adds an objectionable appearance to waters. The effectiveness of PA6/CMC composite in coagulation and flocculation to improve the quality of waters was investigated. Results of the "jar test" conducted indicated that by adding 0.01 gm of PA6/CMC at pH 5 and time of 30 min., turbidity of solution was reduced to about 95% at 50NTU and 98% a...

The increasing investigation into environmental contamination by Giardia spp. cysts and its impact on public health has spurred interest in developing more sensitive methods for detecting these protozoa, particularly in water. However, these methods remain complex and costly. This study evaluated the concentration and removal efficiency of Giardia...

Hazai cigájaváltozatok jellemzése a mitokondriális DNS kontrollrégiója alapján ÖSSZEFOGLALÁS A ritka, régi állatfajták fenntartása során elengedhetetlen a minél nagyobb gene-tikai változatosság megőrzése. A szerzők célja, a fajtában elsőként, az őshonos cigája anyai genetikai hátterének mitokondriális DNS-(mtDNS) szekvencia alap-ján történő elemzés...

The use of nano/sub-micron particles in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical technology is becoming more and more popular. In particular, this interest has been growing in tandem with improved stabilization and emulsification methods. High-energy and low-energy spontaneous emulsification techniques are the two primary categories of nanoemulsion prepa...