Fire Extinguishing Systems - Science topic

In order to solve the problem where the traditional intelligent inspection robot only has a single inspection function, we studied the use of a dry powder (including an ultra-fine dry powder) as a fire-extinguishing medium for the first time. In fire-extinguishing robots, the spray pressure is difficult to control, and there are several other issue...

Clean fire extinguishing systems applicable to the pottery jar liquor warehouse are in demand. In this study, taking 53vol% liquor as the research subject, fire models of various clean fire extinguishing systems comprising water mist, liquid carbon dioxide (LCO2) and liquid nitrogen (LN2) were established using a fire dynamic simulator to determine...

A fire in a marine energy storage system (ESS) has a high risk because of the special situation of the sea compared with land systems. To mitigate serious damage in the event of a fire in marine ESSs, initial suppression of the fire is extremely important. In this study, a unit module-based fire extinguishing system was constructed for the initial...

Цель. Определить зависимость смачивающей способности и кратности пены от концентрации пенообразователя (смачивателя) для тушения пожаров, а также установить концентрационные пределы пенообразователя, при которых огнетушащий раствор соответствует требованиям технических нормативных правовых актов и технической документации производителя по кратности...

To date, the existing literature lacks any studies that compare timber and concrete apartment buildings in the Finnish context regarding their carbon footprint, handprint, and the cost of frame structures. This study rigorously analyzes and calculates the carbon footprint, carbon handprint, and costs associated with various structural solutions in...

Flowability greatly affects the application of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing systems, while hydrophobicity and acute inhalation toxicity are concerns for fire extinguishing agents. In the present study, we examined the impact of hydrophobic fumed silica on the hydrophobicity and flow properties of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as the base...

Most early-stage fires originating in small confined spaces may not be effectively mitigated by automatic fire-extinguishing systems. Leveraging the unique controlled release capability and barrier properties of microcapsules presents a promising avenue for developing multifunctional and intelligent fire-extinguishing agents tailored for early-stag...

This study investigates the suitability of the Clarke JU6H-30NL diesel pump engine as a supplementary solution for fire extinguishing systems in a banking facility during August–September 2023. Employing practical fieldwork methods, we analyzed the specifications, operational procedures, and benefits versus drawbacks of diesel pumps compared to ele...

ARTICLE INFO A fire alarm is an early warning system for the danger of Fire. If early warning of the danger of Fire is active, officers immediately look for fire spots to extinguish. If the Fire is still small or medium, the Fire can be extinguished with a light fire extinguisher. If the Fire is big, it is extinguished with a sprinkler or water fro...

Active fire protection system in RSD. A. Dadi Tjokrodipo Bandar Lampung has not met the standards related to the Technical Requirements for Fire Protection Systems. Inside the building there is an alarm system and fire protection system that is not maintained and not functioning, there are no automatic sprinklers installed in the room, and there is...

The object of this study is a class B fire, which is extinguished with sprayed water. The subject of the study is the characteristics of class B fires when they are extinguished with sprayed water. Diffusion burning of a flammable liquid is considered as such a fire, and its extinguishing is carried out by cooling the flame. Heat and oxygen balance...

The seawater system is a vital part of the system that supports the performance of the KRI machinery. The functions of the seawater system include engine cooling, fire extinguishing systems, air conditioning systems, and fresh rooms. By all means, these vital system requires intensive main­tenance to create a balanced system in the KRI. In conventi...

Low-pressure water mist fire extinguishing systems are a cost-effective and highly reliable option for fire protection. However, they have not yet seen widespread use in urban underground utility tunnels. To validate the fire extinguishing effectiveness of the system in cable fires within urban utility tunnels and to identify the key factors influe...

To extinguish flammable liquids, it is suggested to use a multi-component fire extinguishing system consisting of two layers. The first layer is designed to ensure the buoyancy of the fire extinguishing system. It is suggested to use crushed foam glass as the material of this layer. As the material of the upper layer, it is suggested to use light d...

The development of microcontroller technology has been implemented in the robotics industry, particularly in performing tasks that are risky for living beings, especially humans. In this context, a wheeled smart car robot can automatically extinguish fires. The fire extinguishing system is taken over by the robot's system when fire or heat is detec...

In confined environments such as aircraft, an increase in mass impacts the overall system’s performance, thus requiring sophisticated management. To verify whether the performance characteristics of fire extinguishing systems used in aircraft are satisfied, in this study was built a 1:1 scale test model. We examined the influence of the initial cha...

In aviation fire extinguishing systems, the extinguishing agent is stored in a bottle, which is pressurized by nitrogen. When fire occurs, the agent is discharged via pipe and nozzle to the target compartment. The geometry of the pipe has a significant impact on the discharge process, and merits study. In this study of the discharge process of halo...

The paper presents a classification of fire extinguishing systems for dump trucks. The principles of fire-extinguishing systems operation are given according to the method of actuation and purpose of applied extinguishing agents. Manufacturers of fire-extinguishing systems for mine dump trucks are marked, and technical characteristics of their syst...

This project is aimed to prevent vehicles from fire explosions. In this project we used sensor, pipe valve, Fire extinguisher and Arduino. The sensor and pipe valve are placed in near the areas where there is a possible to catch on fire. The sensor and valve are connected to the Arduino and the valve is also connected to the fire extinguisher. Ardu...

The construction of modular digital smart grid, as a result, the complexity of the power grid is increasing and new technologies and schemes are emerging, more sophisticated design means are needed. Therefore, the author puts forward the research on the intelligent design of three-dimensional digital substation. The emergence of 3D design has chang...

With the rapid development of worldwide computer data center construction, the reliability requirements of the fire-fighting system for data center rooms are also increasing. By using the self-designed simulation platform of liquid nitrogen spray, this paper studies the liquid nitrogen cooling process in the initial heating stage of a computer data...

In this article, we provide a brief overview of solar photovoltaic and thermal energy, wind turbines with vertical and horizontal axes, and other sustainable energy production systems as well as energy storage systems. In some remote areas away from easy access to electricity and fresh water, a self-contained and self-sustainable off-grid energy pr...

Indoor fire accidents have become increasingly common in recent years. More and more firefighting robots have been designed to solve the problem of fires. However, the indoor environment is very complex, with high temperatures, thick smoke, more turns, and various burning substances. In this study, a firefighting robot with autonomous inspection an...

The purpose of this paper was to develop a fire index system for measuring the compliance of high-rise residential buildings with fire requirements in the Emirate of Sharjah, and also to develop an index system for measuring the fire response efficiency, which is linked the two indexes, and the higher the compliance rate, the greater chance of a su...

Fire accidents occur in every part of the world and cause a large number of casualties because of the risks involved in manually extinguishing the fire. In most cases, humans cannot detect and extinguish fire manually. Fire extinguishing robots with sophisticated functionalities are being rapidly developed nowadays, and most of these systems use fi...

In this paper, to reflect a real fire combustion situation of stilted buildings with a typical wooden structure, we used FDS numerical simulation software to study the suppression effect of a fine-water-mist fire-extinguishing system under different working conditions. The influences of different mist droplet diameters, spray flows, and nozzle dens...

rGO/Fe2O3 nanocomposites were synthesized using facile and inexpensive hydrothermal route. For the first time, these nanocomposites were incorporated in aerosol forming composites (AFCs), characterized and investigated for ultra-fast fire extinguishing applications. The morphological and structural characteristics were examined using scanning elect...

p>Hotel fires can occur at any time without knowing the season for which the hotel building must have a fire extinguishing system that can guarantee the safety of guests, the purpose of this study is to find out the equipment used in the hotel building fire extinguishing system, to assess the completeness of facilities and infrastructure of the hot...

To thoroughly study the extinguishing effect of a high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system when a transformer fire occurs, a 3D experimental model of a transformer is established in this work by employing Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) software. More specifically, by setting different parameters, the process of the high-pressure water mist...

The purpose of this work is to generalize the experience and reveal the main storage problems of the libraries’ collections in Ukraine. The methodology of the study includes methods of generalization and analysis of the sources. The results. It was demonstrated that the storage problem of library collections, both traditional and non-traditional, i...

In the history of international aviation, there have been many fire accidents of the cargo compartment. To ensure that the fire is extinguished in time when the cargo compartment is on fire, and to ensure the safety of aircraft and personnel, the design of the cargo compartment fire extinguishing system needs to be verified according to CCAR 25. Ac...

Background: Chemical accidents have imposed casualties and high economic and social consequences to Iranian industries and society. Objective: This study investigated the effect of risk factors involved in occurrences of the chemical accidents and predicted the time of occurrences in Iranian chemical factories. Methods: A cross-sectional study...

In this study, an underground pipe gallery was taken as the research subject to explore the influence of nitrogen injection flow rate and pipe diameter on the fire extinguishing efficiency in an underground narrow confined space. A liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing test system for the underground narrow confined space was built. The fire extinguis...

Introduction. The subject of research is indoor cold water supply systems of high-rise buildings. They have a complex structure due to unique architectural features, the need to pump water to higher floors and compliance with reliability requirements applicable to engineering systems. High-rise buildings are often multi-functional, and this charact...

A Smart Environmental Air Pollution Monitoring System (SEAPMS) based on internet of things (IoT) has been built for monitoring the concentrations of major air pollutant gases, as well as a fire extinguishing system for fire detection and prevention. Using a network of sensors, the SEAPMS detects gas concentrations such as carbon monoxide CO, carbon...

This article first introduces the characteristics and disadvantages of traditional remote fire extinguishing technology and proposes a remote fire extinguishing system based on electromagnetic ejection. Based on the finite element analysis method and the grid matrix method, a seven-segment electromagnetic launcher model is designed. As the initial...

The flow and dispersion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent in the pipings and the concentration distribution in the nacelle are essential for optimizing the aircraft fire extinguishing system. In the present work, we developed a three-dimensional CFD model to simulate the transport and dispersion of the agent in piping and nacelle. The...

The filling conditions and pipeline characteristics of the aircraft fire extinguishing system determine the pressure of the fire extinguishing cylinder outlet, the discharge quality of the extinguishing agent, and the flow distribution during the discharge process. The simulation model of the fire extinguishing system pipeline of an aircraft was es...

One of the main safety problems of fast reactors with sodium coolant is its high chemical activity in interaction with water and air. This requires complex safety systems, fire extinguishing, diagnostics and complicates the design of steam generators and pipelines. The use of Na—Tl eutectic as a coolant for the first and intermediate circuits of a...

Paraplegia refers to paralysis that occurs in the lower half of the body. Paraplegics will have mobility issues and may require the use of a wheelchair. This project presents a prototype of wireless gesture based assisting chair which can be controlled by hand gestures. The proposed system consists of a RF transmitter and receiver module for wirele...

Background. The work is devoted to the problem of evaluating the efficiency of extinguishing fires of solid combustible substances and materials by a static electric field in the modes of fire controlled by load and fire controlled by ventilation. Materials and methods. To assess the efficiency of extinguishing fires of solid combustible substances...

Firefighting in high-rise buildings remains a difficult problem in the world because fire extinguishing equipment and tactics have many deficiencies in dealing with such building fires, especially for buildings higher than 50 m. In the present study, the LY100 fire extinguishing system is taken as an example to introduce the application of the fire...

The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), colloquially known as drones, has grown rapidly over the past two decades and continues to expand at a rapid pace. This has resulted in the production of many research papers addressing the use of UAVs in a variety of applications, such as forest firefighting. The main purpose of this paper is to provide...

شرعت معظم الدوائر الحكومية في سلطنة عمان في اعتماد أنظمة عصرية لإدارة وثائقها. ويوجه المجلس الدولي للأرشيف مراكز الوثائق والمؤسسات الأرشيفية بأن يكون لديها خطط وسياسات استراتيجية للحد من تأثير الكوارث على الوثائق. تسعى هذه الدراسة لرصد واقع إدارة الكوارث ومراقبتها في دوائر الوثائق بالمؤسسات العمانية، ومدى توافقها مع المبادئ التوجيهية للمجلس الدولي...

Background Exceptional children, like other children, have the right to be educated in a safe environment. Disasters are considered as serious issues regarding safety and security of educational environments. Following disasters, vulnerable groups, especially children with handicaps and disabilities are more likely to be seriously injured. Thus, th...

Safety of oil refineries (refineries) in the field of fire safety should be provided by the fire safety system, which, in accordance with regulatory legal acts, includes fire automation systems. Automatic fire alarm is the very first, responding to fire signals, installation of fire automation. At the same time, the unstable operation of automatic...

Traditional fire extinguishing methods can harm people and nature. For this purpose, in this study, no harmful acoustic-driven airflow fire extinguishing system was developed and experiments were carried out to extinguish gasoline, kerosene, thinner (synthetic thinner) liquid fuels and liquid petroleum gas (LPG) flames. 17,442 extinguishing experim...

Attention and handling in disaster mitigation efforts. According to Law no. 24 of 2007 concerning Disaster Management, fires are categorized as natural disasters as well as non-natural disasters based on their causes. This indicates that fire disasters, apart from being affected by physical or natural conditions, can also occur due to human neglige...

The world is advancing technologically in all sectors including the use gas as cooking energy. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is one of the gases used for cooking. The use of LPG by cooking protects the environment against deforestation and air pollution. But people are not very comfortable using it due to some issues related to the manual frame reg...

In order to guide the optimization design of the nozzle of the aircraft-fixed gas fire extinguishing system, we studied the influence of nozzle geometric parameters including outlet–inlet area ratio, length–diameter aspect ratio, and wall roughness on the distribution of pressure and velocity in the nozzle on the basis of CFD simulations. Although...

Introduction: Fire is one of the potential dangers that threaten human activities more and more. Given that, this study will seek to introduce the factors preventing the spread of fire in hospitals to policymakers through prioritization based on applied mathematics modeling. Methods: This study consisted of two stages. In the first stage, first th...

A significant number of fires on combine harvesters occurs due to heating of frictional surfaces and ignition of plant matter. The ways of solution of the complex problem of increasing the fire safety of combine harvesters are presented in the work. A rational solution to this problem is the use of new composite materials, the use of modern control...

When estimating the theoretical hold time of a Clean Extinguishing Agent (CEA), the hold time is predicted using a leakage exponent and leakage characteristics that are measured through an Enclosure Integrity Test (EIT). In particular, the leakage exponent n is conventionally applied as 0.5, but recently, a variable exponent has been applied throug...

This paper presents the design and modeling of a flying-type fire extinguishing system. Fire accidents present very hazardous environments, and firefighters are in danger of losing their lives while putting out the fire. Strict safety measures should be considered to guarantee safe working conditions for firefighters, which is not the case every ti...

Fire is a disaster that often occurs but can be prevented. Based on data from the Bandung City Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), in 2018 there were 198 fire incidents (16.5 events / month), and in a periode 2012 - 2017 fires caused by LPG gas had the second largest percentage at 17%. Therefore a fire extinguishing system that can detect and preve...

The key challenge in the process is to reliably predict the droplet size distributions of extinguishing liquids after they cover the distances from the drop/spray point to the flame combustion area when using aircraft, sprinkler systems, or high-altitude ground spraying systems. It is sensible to perform a comparative analysis of changes in the siz...

In order to guide the optimization design of the pipeline network of the aircraft-fixed gas fire extinguishing system and improve its fire extinguishing performance, FLUENT software was used to simulate the influence of pipeline parameters such as diameter, length, and roughness on the release characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent. It can...

The fire-extinguishing system is an indispensable fire-protection facility on the aircraft. In order to guide weight reduction of the aircraft’s fixed gas fire-extinguishing system by improving its release efficiency, so as to improve fuel economy and reduce carbon emissions, the influence of filling pressures and filling amounts on the release eff...

The complex and changeable environment and the different degrees of toxic hot smoke and unknown danger at fire scenes can seriously affect the fire personnel’s reconnaissance, fighting, and life safety. To address these challenges, in this study, we developed a small wheel-foot hybrid firefighting robot based on an infrared vision fire recognition...

Mobile robots are an efficient and useful application in the modern industry. These robots can be applied for various industrial applications such as the healthcare industry, industrial security, ocean and space exploration, the foodservice industry, and distribution applications. But modern industries have faced many difficulties due to accidental...

Background: The article presents the results of a study of ensuring fire safety in medical and preventive institutions (LPI) on the example of the central city hospital.Objectives: Research is aimed at improving the fire safety of hospital complexes and hospitals in modern conditions.Materials and Methods: The study used the methods of system analy...

Unwanted automotive fires cause annual human, financial and environmental damage. Automotive fires can be caused by accidents, technical problems of the automotive system, design defects, overheating of the engine due to improper cooling, fuel leaks, automotive electronic system connections, non-observance of safety issues, and other factors. There...

In most cases, fixed temperature heat detectors are used to detect fire in vehicles. The response parameter of such detectors is constant. The time of fire detection by a fire detector, as well as the probability of its false operation, are affected by heat flux from an internal combustion engine. This paper reports the development and investigatio...

Fire is a natural disaster that can be caused by many different reasons. Recently, more environmentally friendly and innovative extinguishing methods have started to be tested, some of which are also used. For this purpose, a sound wave fire-extinguishing system was created and firefighting tests were performed. With the data obtained, as a result...

This paper discusses some research results that were carried out to optimize the fire extinguishment system of X Station in South Sumatera. To optimize the fire extinguishing system at station X, a system modification has been done, which included: changes in the number of stockpile tank units, changes in capacity and dimensions of oil tanks, and c...

Metro rolling stock stagnation zones are quite long. This causes a number of difficulties in choosing and designing a water fire extinguishing system, as it directly affects the pressure loss in pipelines when water is supplied over such a long distance. That is why the task of this work is to design two different types of water fire extinguishing...

Fire incident is a disaster that can potentially cause the loss of life, property damage and permanent disability to the affected victim. Fire fighters often exposed to higher risks. With the advent of technology, humans are replaced with robots in life-threatening situations. We aim to design a robot capable of detecting and suppressing fires. By...

The key work of this research is to implement the ‘Fourth Industrial Revolution’ by using the internet of things (IoT) which can be applied to flammable gas condition monitoring and detection of gas leakage and activate fire extinguisher in case of fire accidents. Internet of things enabled the sensors to transmit LPG concentration value reading to...

New socio-economic conditions for the development of Russia dictate new requirements for the protection of buildings, equipment and personnel of various facilities from fires and their consequences. In complex fire extinguishing systems, the timeliness of fire detection and the effectiveness of extinguishing is the key to preserving material values...

The historical development of fire suppression technology evolved in the 1930s since the application of Halons as a fire extinguishing agent. The fire may cause tremendous losses to organizations. It affects the chain of businesses and the stability of the economic growth of a country. The key issues of greenhouse effects and safety and health as w...

Multi-storey building must be equipped with a reliable building fire extinguishing system. The existing fire extinguishing system design is not equipped with a backup pump and a jockey pump. Based on The DKI Jakarta Governor Regulation No. 92/2014 and the Indonesian National Standard, to solve this problem, a building fire pump system is designed w...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) represent an increasingly global challenge for keeping water and soil “non-toxic”. 100 of millions of people are exposed to PFAS levels of concern, in particular, around PFAS production sites and sites where PFASs are/were used and released or disposed. The Stockholm Convention established recommendations...

According to Article 117 of Russian Federal Law 123 of 2008, there is a class of objects historical buildings, exhibition complexes, energy facilities, etc. For these objects, it is not so necessary to eliminate the fire with automatic fire extinguishing systems, as to contain it until the arrival of fire departments. However, this law does not spe...

The article presents the results of research conducted at the St. Petersburg Polytechnic University within the framework of the innovative business incubator and aimed at forming a cross-system approach to energy consumption management. The authors consider the features being typical for most educational institutions, regardless of the profile and...

In industries, extinguishment and the detection of fire are the hazardous work that puts the life of a firefighter in risk. With the help of a firefighter robot, we can perform this job in fire bent area to avoid unwanted incidents. This paper illustrates the simulation and implementation of a firefighting robot which was prepared with basic fighti...

In this paper we presents the results of tests of automatic fire alarm systems in terms of reducing the temperature effect on building structures (floors), air ducts of the exhaust smoke ventilation system. Tests were carried out to determine the efficiency of the antismoke ventilation system for the removal of combustion products through steel air...

Based on the analysis of the functioning of the sprinkler fire-extinguishing system and the chemical reaction of the interaction of ammonia with water, the article considers the formation of an integrated fire extinguishing system to ensure the safety of processes and production plants where ammonia is used in the main and auxiliary processes. Anal...

In this study, a numerical sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the fire suppression time for a large number of water mist nozzles in a large fire compartment. Fire simulations were performed using FDS (Fire dynamics simulator) 6.5.2 under the same condition as the test scenario 5 of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) 1165 tes...

One of the tasks to be solved when deploying fire extinguishing systems is to determine the range of the fire extinguishing agent supply to the combustion center. This problem is solved using data on the trajectory of the fire-extinguishing agent in the combustion center. The presence of wind impact on the process of supplying a fire extinguishing...

Gaseous agents are widely used in fire extinguishing systems (FESs) when water extinguishing agents are unavailable. The extinguishing ability of the FES-gaseous agent is determined by the retention time (hold time) at which its concentration is maintained. In particular, the retention time of the inert agent is determined by the O2 inflow from the...

As the most representative building along the railway, the high-speed railway station has become the key project of each line. The water supply, drainage and fire extinguishing systems are important parts of railway stations, including such functional contents as production and living water supply, sewage and wastewater, rainwater, fire protection...

The CO2 system is the most widely used fire extinguishing system in ships and proper maintenance should be carried out to prevent CO2 leakage, malfunction to human safety, and maintain fire extinguishing capability. IMO has published MSC.1/Circ.1318 as a guideline for the maintenance of the CO2 system. However, various problems were found in MSC.1/...

The main purpose of the study was establishing the coefficient of hydraulic resistance of two-phase flow using in water jet cutting. In waterjet cutting (JWC) and in abrasive waterjet cutting (AJWC), a two-phase flow consist of water and abrasive solid particles, moves at a high mean velocity (more than 8.0 m/s). Such flows differ from natural and...

Fire extinguishing robots, quadcopters and drones have become a groundbreaking technology to operate under severe disastrous conditions. Fire disasters have become a serious issue in recent years; causing hundreds of deaths, thousands of injuries and burnt out of million-dollar properties. Due to inefficiency and lack of testing of existing fire-ex...

Nearly all active fire extinguishing systems consist of injecting an agent into the space set on fire. For aircraft cargo cabins, the agent widely used up to date is Halon 1301. The FAA provides a level of safety for this fire suppression agent that needs to be used in a volumetric concentration of 6% and needs to be acting for a duration of 0.5 se...