Atomic - Science topic

The present work reports characteristics of dislocation slip behavior in an equi-atomic HfNbTiZr refractory medium entropy alloy (RMEA) and its systematic comparison with pure niobium (Nb). Fully-recrystallized specimens were fabricated by cold rolling and subsequent annealing, and uniaxial tensile deformation was applied at room temperature. Slip...

Whiteboard slides I used for a video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q8xn4VmuAoQ), which just explores the concept of a gauge in electromagnetic theory. We use Aitchison & Hey's textbook to show why it is important to show that electromagnetic theory is gauge-invariant, and what a gauge transformation does to wavefunctions. However, this is not ju...

Photoevaporation driven by hydrogen-ionizing radiation, also known as extreme-ultraviolet (EUV), profoundly shapes the lives of diverse astrophysical objects. Focusing here mainly on the dispersal of protoplanetary disks, we construct an analytical model accounting for the finite timescales of photoheating and photoionization. The model offers impr...

The formation of aerosol particles in the atmosphere impacts air quality and climate change, but many of the organic molecules involved remain unknown. Machine learning could aid in identifying these compounds through accelerated analysis of molecular properties and detection characteristics. However, such progress is hindered by the current lack o...

Suppressing the kinetically favorable lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism pathway and triggering the adsorbate evolution mechanism pathway at the expense of activity are the state-of-the-art strategies for Ru-based electrocatalysts toward acidic water oxidation. Herein, atomically dispersed Ru species are anchored into an acidic stable vinyl-linked...

We present a realization of a magnetic sensor based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonances observed in hot Rb vapor using lin $\parallel$ ∥ lin polarized dichromatic light and evaluate scalar and vector capabilities of the sensor for measuring Earth-like magnetic fields. We demonstrate scalar measurement sensitivity of $2 \mat...

The atomic atmosphere and formation mechanism of the antiphase domain boundary (APB) may depend on the environmental variables of the phase transformation for the L12‐structural Ni3Al phase, which is the first important precipitate phase for Ni‐based superalloys. Herein, a discrete phase field method is used to reproduce the complete formation proc...

We study the non-equilibrium dynamics of a quantum spin 1/2 XXZ model confined in a two-dimensional bi-layer system, with couplings mediated by inverse power-law interactions, falling offwith distance r as 1/r^α, with spatio-temporal control of the spins enabled via local fields. An initial state of spins with opposite magnetization in the two laye...

This research aims to study the squeezingand entanglement features of light in three-level atomsunder an open cavity with coherent light excitation.Using an approximation scheme for large timescales,we obtained the steady-state solutions of the evolutionequations for the atomic operators’ expectation valuesand the quantum Langevin equation for the...

Doping light elements in Pt‐group metals is an effective approach toward improving their catalytic properties for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, it is challenging to control dopant sites and to establish the correlation between the doping site and the catalytic property. In this paper, this success is demonstrated in controlling N doping...

The presence of defects in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) can lead to dramatic local changes in their properties which are of interest for a range of technologies including quantum security devices, hydrogen production, and energy storage. It is therefore essential to be able to study these materials in their native environments, including...

The phase diagram of strong interaction has been a subject of intense theoretical and experimental research. One of the big questions in this regard is whether a critical endpoint is associated with the phase transition of strongly interacting matter. There have been rapid theoretical developments to answer this question. On the experimental side,...

Precise surface reflectance control at specific deep‐ultraviolet (DUV) wavelengths across wide angles is crucial for semiconductor inspection and lithography tools. The inherent challenges in designing DUV antireflective multilayers stem from limited transparent materials and the resultant fabrication complexity owing to numerous interfaces. Here,...

Atomic scaling of cobalt‐based catalysts is the feasible and sustainable approach for selective oxidation of biomass‐derived 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to produce bio‐plastic monomer of 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) under mild conditions. Here, a high‐efficiency dual single‐atomic Co/Cu supported on nitrogen‐doped carbon (a‐Co/Cu‐NC) is cons...

Fano resonances are ubiquitous phenomena appearing in many fields of physics, e.g. atomic or molecular photoionization, or electron transport in quantum dots. Recently, attosecond interferometric techniques have been used to measure the amplitude and phase of photoelectron wavepackets close to Fano resonances in argon and helium, allowing for the r...

The weak line of Hg ii located at 5677.10 Å is used to measure the mercury abundance in two HgMn stars, HD 145389 ( ϕ Her) and HD 186122 (46 Aql). This line is detected at 3 σ above the noise in the adjacent continuum in ϕ Her but not detected in 46 Aql. The synthesis of this line, using the current atomic parameters available in NIST, confirms a l...

Atomic frequency comb (AFC) quantum memory is a favorable protocol in long distance quantum communication. Putting the AFC inside an asymmetric optical cavity enhances the storage efficiency but makes the measurement of the comb properties challenging. We develop a theoretical model for cavity-enhanced AFC quantum memory that includes the effects o...

The exploration of nuclear mass or binding energy, a fundamental property of atomic nuclei, remains at the forefront of nuclear physics research due to limitations in experimental studies and uncertainties in model calculations, particularly when moving away from the stability line. In this work, we employ two machine learning (ML) models, support...

Transport properties play a crucial role in defining materials as insulators, metals, or superconductors. A fundamental parameter in this regard is the Drude weight, which quantify the ballistic transport of charge carriers. In this work, we measure the Drude weights of an ultracold gas of interacting bosonic atoms confined to one dimension, charac...

This study focuses on the impact of high-doping impurities (> 10 18 cm − 3) on the morphology of homoepitaxially grown (100) 4°off β-Ga 2 O 3 lm, as well as incorporating insights from the Cabrera-Vermilyea model (C-V model). Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging, we reveal that under low supersaturation conditions, dopant-induced impurities...

This study proposes a novel long short-term memory (LSTM)-based model for predicting future physical properties based on partial data of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. It extracts latent vectors from atomic coordinates of MD simulations using graph convolutional network, utilizes LSTM to learn temporal trends in latent vectors and make one-ste...

This study presents a long-range descriptor for machine learning force fields (MLFFs) that maintains translational and rotational symmetry, similar to short-range descriptors while being able to incorporate long-range electrostatic interactions. The proposed descriptor is based on an atomic density representation and is structurally similar to clas...

Rational design of advanced electrolytes to improve the high‐voltage capability has been attracting wide attention as one critical solution to enable next‐generation high‐energy‐density batteries. However, the limited understanding of electrolyte antioxidant chemistry as well as the lack of valid quantization approaches have resulted in knowledge g...

Through in situ ultra-small-angle and wide-angle x-ray scattering, we simultaneously track the structural parameters of mesoporous ceria from the atomic scale to the micron-size scale. This multiscale approach provides a path to better understand structure-property relationships in mesoporous polycrystalline materials under relevant reaction condit...

Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) has emerged as a potential alternative to the conventional Haber-Bosch process for ammonia production. However, ENRR technology is still restricted by the limited Faradaic efficiency due to the hard-to-break N-N triple bond. Herein, inspired by the biomimetic catalyst, we developed a Fe-modulated M...

We report an approach to simultaneously tune the electric dipoles and flat-band voltage (V FB) of 4H-silicon carbide (SiC) metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors through high-k oxide dielectric interface engineering. With an additional HfO2 thin layer on atomic layer deposition (ALD) of SiO2 film, a dipole layer was formed at the HfO2/SiO2 inte...

Replacing the flammable liquid electrolytes with solid ones has been considered to be the most effective way to improve the safety of the lithium batteries. However, the solid electrolytes often suffer from low ionic conductivity and poor rate capability due to their relatively stable molecular/atomic architectures. In this study, we report a compo...

Elucidating the role of strange baryons (hyperons) in neutron stars requires detailed knowledge of hyperon–nucleon interactions in the light (u,d,s) quark sector. The structure of the hyperons and their excitation spectra also directly impact, and are an input to, models of big-bang nucleosynthesis. The upcoming K-long Facility will provide a much-...

In this numerical work, we find a self-consistent constant scattering superconducting lifetime for two different values of the disorder parameters, the inverse atomic strength, and the stoichiometric impurity in the triplet paired unconventional super-conductor strontium ruthenate. This finding is relevant for experimentalists given that the expres...

Picosecond ultrasonics is a fast growing and advanced research field with broad application to the imaging and characterization of nanostructured materials as well as at a fundamental level. The aim of this paper is to provide an advanced 3D model based on atomistic spin-lattice simulations of the laser-induced elastic response in ferromagnetically...

The rich phenomenology of quantum many-body systems such as atomic nuclei is complex to interpret. Often, the behaviour (e.g. evolution with the number of constituents) of measurable/observable quantities such as binding or excitation energies can be best understood based on a simplified picture involving auxiliary quantities that are not observabl...

We demonstrate simultaneous detection of radio-frequency (rf) fields ranging from the very high-frequency (VHF) band (128 MHz) to terahertz frequencies (0.61 THz) using high-orbital-angular-momentum ( ℓ ) states in a caesium Rydberg-atom receiver. rf fields are applied concurrently to a series of atomic transitions, where the application of each fi...

Understanding the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) of metal nanoparticles at the atomic level has long been a challenge due to the lack of accurate systems with definite distance and orientation of molecules. Here we present the realization of achieving FRET between two atomically precise copper nanoclusters through cocrystallization-i...

For the first time, the possibility of producing silicene on CaF 2 /Si(111) substrates modified by electron irradiation is experimentally demonstrated. It is shown that areas of the planar surface of CaSi 2 with hexagonal packing formed under an electron beam can be used as a natural template for the subsequent growth of silicene. Silicon is deposi...

In this article, we introduce a remote state preparation scheme under fluctuating vacuum electromagnetic field in the presence of a perfectly reflecting boundary. We discuss the influence of vacuum fluctuation, atomic polarization, acceleration and boundary on the reliability of the remote state preparation. It is shown that fidelity decreases with...

In this study, the components of 0.55Bi(1-x)LaxFeO3-0.45PbTiO3(BF-PT45: La (x)) are designed to construct the T-R morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). A strain of 0.28% as well as a hysteresis of 26.4% at 50 kV/cm is obtained at MPB with x = 0.32. The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) results show that there is 1/2 (ooo) superlattice reflecti...

A theory of the absorption of a laser field by an atomic or condensed matter medium is presented for the case where the medium is also interacting with a strong electromagnetic field. The rotating wave approximation is not assumed for the latter. It is shown that in the weak probe limit the Lindblad master equation reduces to a smaller system of li...

Two-dimensional materials are a class of atomically thin materials with assorted electronic and quantum properties. Accurate identification of layer thickness, especially for a single monolayer, is crucial for their characterization. This characterization process, however, is often time-consuming, requiring highly skilled researchers and expensive...

Effective atomic numbers are a term used to understand the interaction of a compound or material with radiation. In particular, this term is often used for materials with complex structures that can be expressed by a single fixed atomic number. If different elements in a material are present in different concentrations, the effective atomic number...

High-precision time–frequency is widely used in time measurement, satellite navigation, scientific research, and other fields. With the rapid development of optical clock technology, the fractional frequency instability and uncertainty of optical clock have reached 10−18 orders of magnitude, which is expected to contribute to generating the Interna...

The Semiempirical Pseudopotential Method (SEPM) has emerged as a valuable tool for accurately determining band structures, especially in the realm of low-dimensional materials. SEPM operates by utilizing atomic pseudopotentials, which are derived from DFT calculations. SEPM calculations offer a unique advantage compared to DFT as they eliminate the...

The occurrence of silting of the lake and sedimentation in Limboto Lake has become a place for the deposition of heavy metals, especially mercury. In recent years it has been known that the water of Lake Limboto has been polluted by mercury based on data from the Agency for the Environment, Research and Technology (Balihristi), Gorontalo Province i...

The studies of polaronic centers in a homologous series of scheelite-type compounds AWO4 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) were performed using the W L3-edge and Sr K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with the reverse Monte Carlo simulations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and first-principles calculations. Protonated scheelites HxAWO4 were produ...

This dissertation is a very simple mundane mentioning format as an easy mundane way to say and see 'the way' of the Converters Exemplification or facilitation without my inclusion of high level physics equations, EMC As a simple view, with the consideration that all forms of matter are also of a low vibratory state of Energy and within that conside...

Heat shuttling phenomenon is characterized by the presence of a non-zero heat flow between two bodies without net thermal bias on average. It was initially predicted in the context of nonlinear heat conduction within atomic lattices coupled to two time-oscillating thermostats. Recent theoretical works revealed an analog of this effect for heat exch...

Aggregation of the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide into fibrils represents one of the major biochemical pathways underlying the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Extensive studies have been carried out to understand the role of fibrillar seeds on the overall kinetics of amyloid aggregation. However, the precise effect of seeds that are structurally o...

We have investigated electromagnetically induced transparency in the spectrum of selective reflection at the interface of Rb atom vapors and a dielectric nanocell window. A nanocell with atomic vapor column thicknesses ranging from 150 to 1200 nm, as well as a 50~$\mu$m thickness microcell were used. We have compared electromagnetically induced tra...

There has been a growing number of peaceful applications of ionizing radiation in Mozambique since 2006, when the country became a member state of the International Atomic Energy Agency, which was instrumental in assisting Mozambique with establishing its national ionizing radiation safety authority. Literary review was used to collect the data fro...

Atomically dispersed Pt-group metals are promising as nanocatalysts because of their unique geometric structures and ultrahigh atomic utilization. However, loading isolated Pt-group metals in single-atom alloys (SAAs) with distinctive bimetallic sites is challenging. In this study, we present amorphous mesoporous Ni boride (Ni-B) as an ideal substr...

Performance of nano- and micro-scale heat engines can be improved with a help from quantum mechanical phenomena. Recently, heat reservoirs with quantum coherence have been proposed to enhance engine performance beyond the Carnot limit even with a single reservoir. However, no physical realizations have been achieved so far. Here, we report the firs...

In many smart contract architectures, every contract or object is mutably shared by default. The Sui smart contract platform bears the unique feature of distinguishing between shared and owned objects. While transactions operating on shared objects require consensus to sequence reads and writes, those involving only owned objects are independent an...

In recent years, pretraining models have made significant advancements in the fields of natural language processing (NLP), computer vision (CV), and life sciences. The significant advancements in NLP and CV are predominantly driven by the expansion of model parameters and data size, a phenomenon now recognized as the scaling laws. However, research...

L10-FePt thin films with (111)-texture were deposited on Si(100) substrates at various atomic ratios and annealing temperatures to be used as a cover layer for magnetic force microscope (MFM) tips. Their microstructure and magnetic properties were systematically studied. The experimental results indicate that both atomic ratio and annealing tempera...

Atomic vapour cells are an indispensable tool for quantum technologies (QT), but potential improvements are limited by the capacities of conventional manufacturing methods. Using an additive manufacturing (AM) technique - vat polymerisation by digital light processing - we demonstrate, for the first time, a 3D-printed glass vapour cell. The exploit...

Emergency planning zones (EPZs) serve as vital geographic framework within nuclear emergency preparedness and response (EPR) strategies, facilitating the swift implementation of protective measures across varying levels of urgency during nuclear emergencies. Over the years, nations have undergone thorough reassessments of these zones, in the light...

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in developing detectors which are sensitive to sub-GeV dark matter and low-energy events from coherent neutrino scattering. Due to carbon’s light atomic weight and its tendency to form crystals with high-energy, long-lived phonon modes, carbon-based crystals (including diamond and silicon carbide...

NbAs is a Weyl semimetal and belongs to the group of topological phases that exhibit distinct quantum and topological attributes. Topological phases have a fundamentally different response to external perturbations, such as magnetic fields. To obtain insights into the response of such phases to pressure, we conducted a comprehensive study on the pr...

The impact of the optical field polarization on the spectrum of magnetically-induced transitions, a class of transitions forbidden at zero magnetic field, is studied with a weak-probe sub-Doppler technique. The high spectral resolution of the technique combined with the simplicity in interpreting the observed spectra\EK{,} allows to follow the beha...

The pairing mechanism behind the monolayer FeSe is one essential question for iron-based superconductors. In this work, we show the sublattice degree of freedoms of monolayer FeSe plays a special role in its pairing properties, namely the sublattice dichotomy. The high-quality monolayer FeSe samples with atomic flat $1\times1$ topography on the SrT...

The size and site dependences of atomic and electronic structures in isolated and supported gold nanoparticles have been investigated by large-scale density functional theory (DFT) calculations using multi-site support functions....

Giant resonances (GRs) are a striking manifestation of collective motions in atomic nuclei. The present paper is the second in a series of four dedicated to the use of the projected generator coordinate method (PGCM) for the ab initio determination of the isoscalar giant monopole resonance (GMR) in closed- and open-shell mid-mass nuclei. While the...

A key strategy for minimizing our reliance on precious metals is to increase the fraction of surface atoms and improve the metal-support interface. In this work, we employ a solvent/ligand/counterion-free method to deposit copper in the atomic form directly onto a nanotextured surface of graphitized carbon nanofibers (GNFs). Our results demonstrate...

It is demonstrated here that the first ten chemical elements oppose their nuclear charges, commonly called "atomic number Z" in an exact ratio of value 3/2 depending on whether we consider some as non-organic and others as organic, this is to say more precisely as constituting or not canonical amino acid and of DNA nucleotides. We study here a tria...

Analysis of virus-like particles (VLPs) is an essential task in optimizing their implementation as vaccine antigens for virus-initiated diseases. Interrogating VLP collections for elasticity by probing with a rigid atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip is a potential method for determining VLP morphological changes. During VLP morphological change, it...

3D photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) are measured from an atomic target ionized by ultrafast, elliptical fields of opposite handedness. Comparing these PADs to one another and to numeric simulations, a difficult to avoid systematic error in their orientation is identified and subsequently corrected by imposing the dichroic symmetry by whic...

Threshold‐switching devices based on amorphous chalcogenides are considered for use as selector devices in 3D crossbar memories. However, the fundamental understanding of amorphous chalcogenide is hindered owing to the complexity of the local structures and difficulties in the trap analysis of multinary compounds. Furthermore, after threshold switc...

Symplectic symmetry approach to clustering (SSAC) in atomic nuclei, recently proposed, is modified and further developed in more detail. It is firstly applied to the light two-cluster $^{20}$Ne + $\alpha$ system of $^{24}$Mg, the latter exhibiting well developed low-energy $K^{\pi} = 0^{+}_{1}$, $K^{\pi} = 2^{+}_{1}$ and $K^{\pi} = 0^{-}_{1}$ rotat...

We explore the collective Zeno dynamics of giant artificial atoms that are coupled, via multiple coupling points, to a common photonic or acoustic reservoir. In this regime, the establishment of atomic cooperativity and the revivification of exponential decay, are highly intertwined, which is utterly beyond the non-Markovian regime with only retard...

In this study, we present results of a comprehensive computational and experimental study of CoFeVAl and CoFeV0.5Mn0.5Al Heusler alloys. It is shown that while CoFeVAl exhibits a fairly large degree of spin polarization, this material is not half-metallic due to the presence of the vanadium spin-down states at the Fermi level. However, replacing 50...

In recent years, there has been significant interest in quantum technology, characterized by the emergence of quantum computers boasting immense processing power, ultra-sensitive quantum sensors, and ultra-precise atomic clocks. Miniaturization of quantum devices using cold atoms necessitates the employment of an ultra-high vacuum miniature cell wi...

The generation of many-body entangled states in atomic samples should be fast, as this process always involves a subtle interplay between desired quantum effects and unwanted decoherence. Here we identify a controllable and scalable catalyst that allows metrologically useful entangled states to be generated at a high rate. This is achieved by immer...

Understanding whether a generated table is of good quality is important to be able to use it in creating or editing documents using automatic methods. In this work, we underline that existing measures for table quality evaluation fail to capture the overall semantics of the tables, and sometimes unfairly penalize good tables and reward bad ones. We...

In this paper, the effect of the stress relief annealing rate on residual stress was investigated using molecular dynamics simulation, and the difference in mechanical properties of workpieces before and after stress relief annealing was analyzed using nanoindentation simulation. The results show that the Stacking faults and dislocation motions are...

The fine-structure constant, denoted as α, and Euler's identity, e^iπ+1=0, are two of the most profound constants in the realms of physics and mathematics. The fine-structure constant characterizes the strength of electromagnetic interactions, playing a crucial role in quantum electrodynamics and atomic structure. Euler's identity, known for its el...

The atoms of the Schanuel topos can be described as the pairs $(n,G)$ where $n$ is a finite set and $G$ is a subgroup of $\operatorname{Aut}(n)$. We give a general criterion on an atomic site ensuring that the atoms of the topos of sheaves on that site can be described in a similar fashion. We deduce that these toposes are locally finitely presenta...

We present a highly accurate and transferable parameterization of water using the atomic cluster expansion (ACE). To efficiently sample liquid water, we propose a novel approach that involves sampling static calculations of various ice phases and utilizing the active learning (AL) feature of ACE-based D-optimality algorithm to select relevant liqui...

Stable homogeneous two‐electron water oxidation electrocatalysts are highly demanded to understand the precise mechanism and reaction intermediates of electrochemical H2O2 production. Here we report a tetranuclear manganese complex with a cubane structure which can electrocatalyze water oxidation to hydrogen peroxide under alkaline and neutral cond...

We investigate the localisation properties of quasiperiodic tight-binding chains with hopping terms modulated by the interpolating Aubry-Andr\'e-Fibonacci (IAAF) function. This off-diagonal IAAF model allows for a smooth and controllable interpolation between two paradigmatic quasiperiodic models: the Aubry-Andr\'e and the Fibonacci model. Our anal...

Amyloid polymorphism is a hallmark of almost all amyloid species, yet the mechanisms underlying the formation of amyloid polymorphs and their complex architectures remain elusive. Commonly, two main mesoscopic topologies are found in amyloid polymorphs characterized by non‐zero Gaussian and mean curvatures: twisted ribbons and helical fibrils, resp...

We propose a metasurface antenna capable of real time holographic beam steering. An array of reconfigurable dipoeles can generate on demand far field patterns of radiation through the specific encoding of meta atomic states. i.e., the configuration of each dipole. Suitable states for the generation of the desired patterns can be identified using it...

Quantum simulation holds the promise of improving the atomic simulations used at EDF to anticipate the ageing of materials of interest. One simulator in particular seems well suited to modeling interacting electrons: the Rydberg atoms quantum processor. The first task of this thesis is to design a variational algorithm that can be implemented on a...

Despite numerous proposals investigating various properties of accelerated detectors in different settings, detecting the Unruh effect remains challenging due to the typically weak signal at achievable accelerations. For an atom with frequency gap $\omega_0$, accelerated in free space, significant acceleration-induced modification of properties lik...

The fine-structure constant (α) is a fundamental dimensionless constant that plays a pivotal role in the realm of physics, particularly in quantum electrodynamics (QED). With a value approximately equal to 1/137, α characterizes the strength of electromagnetic interactions between elementary charged particles. Interpreting α as "one-in-137" offers...

Multi-element alloys (e.g., non-equiatomic FeMnCoCr alloys) have attracted extensive attention from researchers due to the breaking of the strengthen-ductility tradeoff relationship. Plenty of work has been conducted to investigate the ingredient-dependent deformation mechanism in these alloys in experiments. However, the atomic simulations on such...

The non‐Hermitian singularity control of multimode entanglement in the energy‐level cascaded four‐wave mixing system within a single atomic vapor is of great significance and importance. In this study, a non‐Hermiticity system by means of quasi‐quantization of energy‐band based on non‐Hermiticity systems is constructed. By employing atomic coherenc...

The ferroelectricity of hafnia-based thin films has garnered considerable attention in both academic researches and industrial applications. However, the fundamental properties, such as high coercivity, the wake-up effect, and the mechanism of ferroelectricity have not been fully elucidated. Here we report the crystallization orientation control of...