Zafer Turkyilmaz's research while affiliated with Gazi University and other places

Acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by ischemia and, exogenous or endogenous nephrotoxic agents poses a serious health issue. AKI is seen in 1% of all hospital admissions, 2-5% of hospitalizations and 67% of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The in-hospital mortality rates for AKI is 40-50, and >50% for ICU patients. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the kidney can activate inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, resulting in AKI. The common endpoint in acute tubular necrosis is a cellular insult secondary to ischemia or direct toxins, which results in effacement of brush border, cell death and decreased function of tubular cells. The aim of the present study was to assess if the reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent lupeol can exert any effects against renal I/R damage. In total, 24 Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups of 6, namely Sham, lupeol, ischemia and therapy groups. In the lupeol group, intraperitoneal administration of 100 mg/kg lupeol was given 1 h before laparotomy, whilst only laparotomy was conducted in the sham group. The renal arteries of both kidneys were clamped for 45 min, 1 h after either intraperitoneal saline injection (in the ischemia group) or 100 mg/kg lupeol application (in the therapy group). The blood samples and renal tissues of all rats were collected after 24 h. In blood samples, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was measured by the urease enzymatic method, and creatinine was measured by the kinetic Jaffe method. Using ELISA method, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were measured in the blood samples, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), caspase-3 levels were measured in kidney tissues. In addition, kidney histopathological analysis was performed by evaluating the degree of degeneration, tubular dilatation, interstitial lymphocyte infiltration, protein cylinders, necrosis and loss of brush borders. It was determined that renal damage occurred due to higher BUN, creatinine, MDA, TNF-α and caspase-3 values observed in the kidney tissues and blood samples of rats in ischemia group compared with the Sham group. Compared with those in the ischemia group, rats in the therapy group exhibited increased levels of GSH and reduced levels of BUN, TNF-α, MDA. Furthermore, the ischemia group also had reduced histopathological damage scores. Although differences in creatinine, IL-6 and caspase-3 levels were not statistically significant, they were markedly reduced in the treatment group. Taken together, these findings suggest that lupeol can prevent kidney damage as mainly evidenced by the reduced histopathological damage scores, decreased levels of oxidative stress and reduced levels of inflammatory markers. These properties may allow lupeol to be used in the treatment of AKI.

Objective Infertility and organ loss are possible outcomes of testicular torsion, a urological emergency. We sought to demonstrate the impact of lupeol on testicular ischemia reperfusion damage in this investigation. Methods 30 adult male Spraque Dawley rats were randomized and divided as Control(C), Lupeol(L), Ischemia(I), Treatment 1(T1) and Treatment 2(T2) groups. In the study groups, detorsion was applied to the left testicles by creating 720 degree testicular torsion for 2 hours. While 100 mg/kg Lupeol was injected intraperitoneally in the T1 and T2 groups 30 min. before and immediately after testicular detorsion. At the sixth hour, samples of blood and testicular tissue were obtained from every rat. Measurements were taken of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) tissue glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and caspase 3. Histopathological analysis was used to evaluate the Johnsen Tubular Biopsy Score (JTBS). Results It was observed that Caspase 3, MDA, IL-6 and TNF-ɑ values, which increased in Group I compared to the Group C, decreased more significantly in both treatment groups and especially in the GroupT1 group (p = 0.001, only p = 0.768 for TNF-ɑ). GSH levels was decreased in Group I, increased more significantly in both treatment groups and especially in the GroupT1 group. JTBS improvement was observed in both treatment groups (p = 0.001). Conclusion In this study, where Lupeol was used for the first time in an experimental testicular torsion model, its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, as well as its histopathological damage-reducing and protective effects, were demonstrated.

The optimal dressing is still unclear, despite hypospadias being one of the most prevalent surgical operations. Children’s dressing for hypospadias surgery was searched on PubMed as “dressing for hypospadias,” “postoperative dressing for pediatric hypospadias,” and “dressing AND hypospadias.” Experimental studies, animal studies, reviews, letters, and repetitive publications were excluded from the study. By evaluating these reviewed publications, factors affecting hypospadias dressing, such as surgeon, country, dressing type, characteristics, and why it is preferred, will be revealed. As a result, 17 articles were examined, and the advantages of each were established by examining the results. The type of hypospadias, the surgeon’s choice, and its ease of removal stand out as the crucial factors in treating hypospadias in children, along with the degree of development of the nation.

Purpose: This study aims to share our experiences and problems, and to suggest solutions as pediatric surgeons who took part in the teams that went voluntarily to the region hit by the Kahramanmaraş earthquake during the first 7 days after the disaster. Methods: This study conveys our observations made at Kahramanmaraş Sütçüimam University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, where we worked as a volunteer team between February 7 and 14, 2023. Results: During the first few days, there were registration problems due to lack of electricity, water, and internet, as well as issues with sterile surgical environments. In the following days, a lack of auxiliary health personnel was revealed as the main difficulty. Conclusion: Since coordination is important when working as a team in the aftermath of an earthquake, staff from the same center should be deployed together if possible, and a team leader should be selected. Alternative recording systems should be established in case of power outages and computer problems. Secretaries, auxiliary health staff, and technicians should be included in the team in addition to doctors and nurses.