Yuki Someya's research while affiliated with Juntendo University and other places
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Publications (125)
Sarcopenia is a common skeletal muscle disease in older people. Lower limb muscle strength is a good predictive value for sarcopenia; however, little is known about its genetic components. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for knee extension strength in a total of 3452 Japanese aged 60 years or older from two independent coh...
Aim
Sarcopenia has been associated with a decrease in masseter muscle (MM) thickness in high-risk older populations. However, the relationship to sarcopenia and determinants of MM volume (MMV) in the general older population remain unclear.
Method
In a cross-sectional study of 1484 older adults of Tokyo, we evaluated MMV using 3D MRI scanning, appe...
Context
Older adults with sarcopenic obesity are at high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, few East Asians have sarcopenic obesity. Since many East Asians have insulin resistance (IR) without obesity, it is possible that older East Asians with sarcopenia and IR might be at high risk for T2DM. However, this relationship has not been studied....
Background
Exercise in adolescence has been shown to increase cognitive reserve and have a long‐term preventive effect on cognitive function in older age (Dik, M. G., et al. 2003). However, it remains unclear whether different types and intensities of adolescent exercise have distinct impacts on cognitive function later in life. Therefore, the pres...
Objective Due to the lack of information on the effects of nutritional guidance focused on leucine intake in patients undergoing maintenance cardiac rehabilitation, this study investigated on plasma leucine concentrations, lean body mass, and muscle strength.
Methods Nutritional guidance, focused on leucine (intervention group) or general nutrition...
We reported that the full-length width of medial tibial osteophytes comprising cartilage and bone parts correlates with medial meniscus extrusion (MME) in early-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, no data exist on the prevalence of MME and its relationship with osteophytes in the elderly population. 1191 elderly individuals (females 57%; 72.9...
Context
Older adults have a high prevalence of new-onset diabetes, often attributed to age-related decreases in insulin sensitivity and secretion. It remains unclear whether both insulin sensitivity and secretion continue to deteriorate after age 65. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aging on glucose metabolism after age 6...
Introduction: Exercise is beneficial for increasing areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in adolescence and maintaining it in old age. Moreover, high-impact sports are more effective than low-impact sports in increasing aBMD. This study aimed to determine the types of adolescent sports played in school-based sports clubs associated with aBMD in old ag...
Handgrip strength as a biomarker is being studied as a factor in predicting disease onset. However, the effect of improving handgrip strength through physical exercises, such as sports during the developmental period, on disease prevention has yet to be fully elucidated. The Juntendo Fitness Plus (J-Fit Plus) Study is a unique database of anthropom...
Sarcopenia is a common skeletal muscle disease in older people. Lower limb muscle strength is a good predictive value for sarcopenia; however, little is known about its genetic components. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for knee extension strength in a total of 3,452 Japanese aged 60 years or older from two independent co...
Background
Iron deficiency and underweight are common nutritional problems among young Japanese women, many of whom show unhealthy dietary patterns owing to a desire for thinness. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between iron status, nutritional status, and dietary intake among young Japanese women with underweight to ide...
A short-term high-calorie high-fat diet (HCHFD) impairs insulin sensitivity in non-obese South Asian but not Caucasian men; however, the effect of short-term HCHFD on insulin sensitivity in East Asians is unknown. We recruited 21 healthy non-obese Japanese men to evaluate metabolic parameters and gut microbiota before and after 6-day HCHFD consisti...
Background:
Sarcopenia, defined as an age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, is a major risk factor for requiring long-term care. Because physical activity in adolescence and older age enhances peak muscle function in youth and prevents muscle function decline in older age, older adults with exercise habits during both periods m...
Background:
In knee osteoarthritis (OA), medial meniscus extrudes both medially and anteriorly. We reported that full-length width of medial tibial osteophyte, which comprises cartilage and bone parts, is directly associated with medial meniscus extrusion in early-stage knee OA and hypothesized that anterior tibial osteophyte (ATO) is also associa...
Aims:
For long-term management of diabetes, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus require a high level of treatment adherence, which is associated with treatment satisfaction and their quality of life (QOL). To achieve it, patient education about diabetes self-management is essential. We routinely conduct a 7 day inpatient diabetes education prog...
Objective:
Evidence suggests that acquiring a high level of handgrip strength early in life and maintaining that strength throughout life may be important for health. In addition, it is thought that sports activities performed during the developmental period are effective in improving handgrip strength, but it is unknown what types of sports are m...
Background and purpose
Exposure to contact sports in youth causes brain health problems later in life. For instance, the repetitive head impacts in contact sports might contribute to glymphatic clearance impairment and cognitive decline. This study aimed to assess the effect of contact sports participation in youth on glymphatic function in old age...
PurposeThere are only a few epidemiological studies of dry eye syndrome (DES) in populations with a common academic background. in this study, the prevalence of DES and associated factors were evaluated separately in men and women physical education and sports science graduates.Study designCross-sectional survey.MethodsA questionnaire about the dia...
Objective
The glymphatic system is a glial-based perivascular network that promotes brain metabolic waste clearance. Reduced glymphatic flow has been observed in rat models of type 2 diabetes and hypertension, indicating the role of vascular risk factors in the glymphatic system. However, little is known about how vascular risk factors affect the h...
In this study, we investigated the athletic experiences of former collegiate Japanese athletes and compared their competitive results and current exercise habits. A questionnaire survey was completed by physical education or health and sports science students via mail. We sent the survey to 9,507 people; 2,141 questionnaires were returned, accounti...
Preventing or delaying the onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a crucial strategy for maintaining an independent life in old age (Rodakowski J et al., 2014). Exercise habits for ∼ ten years in the 50s or older were associated with preserving cognitive function (Rovio, S., et al., 2005; J Krell‐Roesch, et al., 2021). However, it is still unc...
Dietary habits are associated with various diseases and assessed by dietary patterns (DPs). Since the ALDH2 genotype is correlated with alcohol and several food preferences, this genotype is probably associated with DPs. In this cross-sectional study of 1612 elderly adults, we investigated the effects of the ALDH2 genotype on DPs and the mediating...
We reported that full-length width of medial tibial osteophyte composed of cartilage and bone parts is directly correlated with medial meniscus extrusion (MME) in early-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, no data are available for MME prevalence and its relationship to osteophyte in elderlies. 1,191 elderlies (females 57%; 72.9 years old on av...
Background:
Sarcopenia is a major cause of disability in the elderly. Although type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for increased sarcopenia, the relationship between prediabetes and sarcopenia has not been elucidated. We aimed to examine the relationship between sarcopenia and prediabetes.
Methods:
The design of this study is a cross-sectional stud...
Abstract This study aimed to assess (1) blood pressure between young, current athletes, and non‐athletes early in life; (2) hypertension prevalence between former athletes and the general population later in life; and (3) understand the mechanisms between exercise training and hypertension risks in the form of DNA methylation. Study 1: A total of 3...
Introduction:
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a complex of interrelated risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, including glucose intolerance, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have reported white matter (WM) microstructural abnormalities in MetS. However, i...
Background & Aims
Coexistence of obesity and decreased muscle strength, defined as sarcopenic obesity, is often observed in the older adults. The present study investigated whether sarcopenic obesity, defined as reduced handgrip strength and increased body mass index (BMI), is associated with cognitive impairment.
Methods
Study participants includ...
We investigated effects of exercise habits (EHs) in adolescence and old age on osteoporosis prevalence and hip joint and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD). Body composition and BMD in 1596 people aged 65–84 years living in Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We divided participants into four groups by a com...
This study aimed to examine the combined effect of voluntary exercise and screen time during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) restrictions on subsequent grip strength among health and sports science students in Japan. The participants performed grip strength tests and had their weight assessed on 21 October 2020. Furthermor...
Background
Among former Olympic-level athletes, engagement in different sport disciplines has been associated with mortality risk in subsequent years. However, limited evidence is available on whether engagement in different sport disciplines at a young age is associated with locomotive syndrome (LS) risk later in life. This study examined the rela...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hypertension may be related to alterations of the glymphatic system, a waste metabolite drainage system in the brain. We aimed to investigate analysis along the perivascular space index changes in elderly subjects with hypertension.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diffusion-weighted images were acquired from 126 subjects, including 6...
Insulin resistance and muscle weakness are risk factors for silent lacunar infarcts (SLI), but it is unclear whether they are still independent risk factors when adjusted for each other. In addition, the effect of their combination on SLI is completely unknown. We evaluated SLI, insulin sensitivity, and knee extensor muscle strength by magnetic res...
Background:
Decreased insulin clearance could be a relatively upstream abnormality in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Previous studies have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) increases insulin-C-peptide ratio, a marker of insulin clearance, and improves metabolic parameters. We evaluated...
Background:
Estimating the nutritional content of food is essential for self-management in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but it is a difficult skill to learn. The aim of this study was to investigate how diabetes management was impacted by the ability of patients to search for items they ate from a database of 26,300 different foods, and t...
The volumes of intracranial tissues of 40 healthy volunteers acquired from 0.3- and 3-T scanners were compared using intraclass correlation coefficients, correlation analyses, and Bland-Altman analyses. We found high intraclass correlation coefficients, high Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and low percentage biases in all tissues and most of th...
The cover image is based on the Original Article A decrease in plasma glucose levels is required for increased endogenous glucose production with a single administration of a sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor tofogliflozin by Nozomu Yamasaki et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.14312.
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Background: Previous studies showed that insulin resistance and reduced muscle strength are risk factors for silent lacunar infarcts, but it is unclear whether they are still independent risk factors when adjusted for each other. In addition, the effect of their combination on silent lacunar infarcts is completely unknown.
Methods: We evaluated sil...
Aims
Olfactory dysfunction is associated with the transition from normal cognition to dementia in persons without type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate whether olfactory dysfunction could be an early marker of future dementia in older patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
This exploratory study included 151 older Japanese outpatients w...
Background
Physical fitness and motor ability are associated with the incidence of locomotive syndrome (LS) in older adults. The relationships between physical fitness and motor ability at a young age to LS risk in later life remain unclear. This study examined the association between physical fitness and motor ability among university students and...
Objective
In Japan, while it is known that underweight women over the age 40 years have a high risk for type 2 diabetes, there is a lack of clarity on the association between glucose tolerance and underweight in younger women. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and features of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in young Japanese unde...
Context
Adipose tissue dysfunction is characterized by decreased adiponectin (AN) levels and impaired adipose tissue insulin sensitivity (ATIS), and is associated with metabolic disorders. While Asians readily develop metabolic disease without obesity, it remains unclear how decreased AN level and impaired ATIS affect metabolic abnormalities in non...
Aims:
A single administration of an SGLT2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) has been shown to decrease levels of plasma glucose (PG) and insulin and increase glucagon levels and endogenous glucose production (EGP). However, the underlying mechanisms have not been clarified yet. We investigate whether these changes are elicited by the decrease in PG levels induce...
Background: Among former Olympic-level athletes, engagement in different sport disciplines is associated with reduced mortality risk in subsequent years. However, limited evidence is available on whether engagement in different sport disciplines at a young age is associated with locomotive syndrome (LS) risk later in life. This study examined the r...
Aims/Introduction
As a low‐carbohydrate diet and the use of sodium–glucose transporter‐2 inhibitors are both known to increase D‐beta‐hydroxybutyrate levels, the effect of these levels on glucose metabolism has attracted attention. We investigated the acute effects of ketone monoester (KM) ingestion on blood glucose levels during the 75‐g oral gluc...
Two core studies were performed this decade at the Sportology Center. The first was the Sportology Center Core Study, in which we investigated the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders in non-obese individuals and found that insulin resistance in muscle may be a primary cause of metabolic diseases in non-obese Japanese men. The second is the ongoing...
Objectives: Quantitative synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the determination of fundamental tissue properties, namely, T1 and T2 relaxation times and proton density (PD), in a single scan. Myelin estimation and brain seg- mentation based on these quantitative values can also be performed automatically. This study aimed to reveal th...
Aim/Introduction
There are few studies to investigate between the relationship between macronutrients and longitudinal changes in arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This exploratory study sought to determine whether macronutrients were correlated with increased arterial stiffness independently of conventional atherosclero...
IntroductionReduced muscle strength is a high risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, and this association is especially strong in non-obese male individuals. However, it remains unclear how reduced muscle strength affects susceptibility to diabetes. We have examined whether lower limb muscle strength is associated with insulin resistance in non-...
Background
Silent lacunar infarcts (SLIs) are often incidentally diagnosed by brain magnetic resonance imaging in elderly people and are associated with the future onset of stroke, dementia, and frailty. While decreased muscle strength was reported as a risk factor for stroke, it is still unclear whether it also predisposes to SLI. In this study, w...
Background: The estimation of nutrient content is difficult, but important for self-management of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In Japan, food-log app has not been penetrated as a treatment tool yet. That could be because Japanese food is diverse and consists of various ingredients. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of app...
Reduced insulin clearance (IC) and hyperinsulinemia are observed in obesity with insulin resistance and considered as compensatory change against insulin resistance. On the other hand, several animal models showed that enhanced IC by genetic modification suppressed high fat diet induced weight gain and insulin resistance. Recently we found that 3-d...
Hyperinsulinemia is observed in obese subject. Even in healthy non-obese subjects, intentional small weight gain by a high-calorie, high-fat diet (HCHFD) resulted in hyperinsulinemia which was caused not by increased insulin secretion but by decreased metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI). In addition, it was reported that in the mice with gen...
Decreased muscle strength in lower extremities is a major cause of disability in elderly. It has been shown that type 2 diabetes (DM) is a risk factor for reduced muscle strength; however, it remains unclear whether impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) as well as DM is also a risk factor for reduced muscle strength. To address this, we evaluated hand g...
It has been shown that a single administration of SGLT2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) to the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) decreases plasma glucose (PG), but increases endogenous glucose production (EGP); however, its underlying mechanism has been totally unknown. We hypothesized that a single administration of SGLT2i lowers PG, thereby suppre...
Both reduced circulating adiponectin (AN) and impaired adipose tissue insulin sensitivity (ATIS) are observed in obese subjects with insulin resistance (IR). While Asians easily develop metabolic disease featured with IR without obesity, we found that both reduced AN and impaired ATIS are individually associated with muscle IR and accumulation of i...
Previous studies have demonstrated that saturated fat intake increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) due to reduction of insulin sensitivity. On the other hand, the consumption of dairy fat that predominantly includes saturated fat is reported to be protective against T2DM. However, its underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. To ad...
Silent lacunar infarcts (SLI) are often incidentally found on brain MRI scans in asymptomatic elderly people, and are associated with the future onset of stroke and dementia. However, the risk factors for SLI have not been fully elucidated yet. We recently found that reduced muscle strength is a risk factor for SLI. Systemic insulin sensitivity (IS...
Background Physical fitness and motor ability are associated with the incidence of locomotive syndrome (LS) in the elderly. The relationship between physical fitness and motor ability at a young age and LS risk in later life remains to be clarified. This study examined the association between physical fitness and motor ability among university stud...
Background: Physical fitness and motor ability are associated with the incidence of locomotive syndrome (LS) in older adults. The relationship between physical fitness and motor ability at a young age and LS risk in later life remains unclear. This study examined the association between physical fitness and motor ability among university students a...
Elevated 1‐hour plasma glucose (1h‐PG) (≥155 mg/dL) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. However, the metabolic characteristics of nonobese Asians with elevated 1h‐PG are unknown. Thus, we studied 59 nonobese Japanese men with normal glucose tolerance. We divided study participants into the Low 1h‐PG gr...
Accumulation of intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) is observed in individuals with insulin resistance as well as insulin-sensitive endurance athletes with high peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), which is called the athlete’s paradox. It remains unclear whether non-athletes with higher fitness levels have IMCL accumulation and higher insulin sensitivity...
Subjects with a monophasic glucose‐response‐curve (GRC) during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test have a higher risk for type 2 diabetes than those with a biphasic GRC. However, no studies have addressed the association between GRC type and insulin clearance. Thus, we studied 49 healthy nonobese Japanese men. We divided study participants into the...
Objective
While certain lifestyle habits may be associated with arterial stiffness, there is limited literature investigating the relationship between lifestyle habits and longitudinal changes in arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This is an exploratory study to determine whether lifestyle habits, in addition to co...
Purpose
The proportion of elderly individuals (age ≥65 years) in Japan reached 27.7% in 2017, the highest in the world. A serious social problem in a super-aged society is the rise in the number of elderly people who need long-term care (LTC), which is mainly due to cerebrovascular disease, dementia, age-related frailty, falls and fractures, and jo...
Sport university students are a unique population because they usually have a strong sport background since early childhood. This study aimed to examine secular trends in grip strength of sport university students in comparison with the normal Japanese population between 1973 and 2016. Existing data on the grip strength of 6,308 sport university st...
Context
Circulating C-peptide is generally suppressed by exogenous insulin infusion. However, steady-state serum C-peptide (SSSC) levels during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in obese subjects are higher than in healthy subjects, which may contribute to hyperinsulinemia to compensate for insulin resistance. Even in healthy subjects, inter-indivi...
Context
Adipose tissue insulin resistance has been observed in obese subjects and is considered an early metabolic defect that precedes insulin resistance in muscle and liver. Although Asians can readily develop metabolic disease without obesity, the clinical features of nonobese, apparently healthy, Asians with reduced adipose tissue insulin sensi...
It has been shown that subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) but elevated 1-hour glucose level ≧155 mg/dl during a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (75g OGTT) is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes. In Caucasian, subjects with elevated 1-h glucose were characterized by adiposity with lower insulin sensitivity and impaired beta-cell...
Accumulation of intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) is observed not only in insulin resistant obese subjects with low peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), but also in insulin sensitive endurance athletes with high VO2peak (athlete’s paradox). While the relationship among intramyocellular lipid, peak oxygen consumption and insulin resistance is variable amo...
Context
Asians have a high prevalence of insulin resistance (IR), even in the non-obese state. While both visceral fat accumulation (VFA) and fatty liver (FL) have been shown to be associated with IR, it is still unclear which is a better marker to predict insulin resistance in non-obese Asians.
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate t...
Metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI) is thought to help maintain glucose homeostasis even in healthy subjects. However, the effect of a low carbohydrate/high fat (LCHF) diet on MCRI in healthy subject remains unclear. To investigate the effect of a 3-day eucaloric LCHF diet on MCRI in healthy subjects, we studied 42 healthy non-obese Japanese...
Background:
There is a high incidence of type 2 diabetes in Asian adults, even those with a normal body mass index (BMI) (<25.0 kg/m2). For example, it has been shown that a slightly increased BMI (>23 kg/m2) at middle age is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in Asians. In this historical cohort study, we investigated whether a slightly increased...
Increased plasma free fatty acid (FFA) level is reported to be an important cause of obesity-associated insulin resistance in muscle and liver. Increased plasma FFA level in obesity is induced by insufficient suppression of plasma FFA by insulin and this is defined as impaired insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue (Adipo-IS). However, significance...
Previous studies reported that the shape of glucose response curve during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) could be a marker of insulin sensitivity in obese subjects. The biphasic response curve was defined by a second rise in glucose concentration of >4.5mg/dl after the decline in glucose during OGTT and subjects with biphasic response curve...
Japanese women have substantially lower BMI than women in other developed countries and the prevalence of underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m2) in them is currently 23.7%. Interestingly, Japanese underweight women showed ∼2 times higher risk for type 2 diabetes compared with normal weight (BMI18.5-22.9kg/m2). A previous study reported that the hyperglycemia...
Metabolic diseases easily develop in non-obese Asians. We recently found that insulin resistance (IR) in muscle is closely associated with metabolic abnormalities in non-obese Japanese men and muscle IR is correlated well with both visceral fat accumulation (VFA) and fatty liver (FL). However, VFA and FL are correlated well with each other, thus it...
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is easily developed in Asian adults with normal body mass index (BMI), compared with other ethnicities with similar BMI. For example, it has been shown that slightly increased BMI level (>23 kg/m2) in middle age (around 50 years old) is a risk for development of T2DM in Asians. However, it is still unclear whether slightly el...
Purpose
We aimed to clarify the onset of diabetes.
Methods
Data from 27,392 non-diabetic health examinees was retrospectively analyzed for a mean of 5.3 years. Trajectories of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body mass index (BMI) and the single point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE), an index of insulin sensitivity (Si), 10 years prior to diagn...
Context
Japanese women have substantially lower body mass index (BMI) than women in other developed countries. The BMI of Japanese women has steadily decreased over time. However, glucose metabolism in underweight Japanese women has not been fully characterized.
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate glucose metabolism and physical cha...
Background
Hypertension is developed easily in Asian adults with normal body mass index (BMI) (~23 kg/m²), compared with other ethnicities with similar BMI. This study tested the hypothesis that slightly increased BMI at young age is a risk factor for future hypertension in Japanese men by historical cohort study.
Methods
The study participants we...
Purpose: Pain is the major reason why individuals seek medical attention from early-through endstage knee OA, and is also a major determinant for the loss of joint function. The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in women in eighties is reported to be >80% regardless of the presence or absence of knee pain. There are a plenty of elderlies who d...
Endogenous insulin secretion is suppressed during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, which is known as a feedback inhibition of insulin secretion (FI-IS) by insulin. Since FI-IS is impaired in obese subjects, inadequate FI-IS may partly contribute to enhanced insulin secretion seen in obesity with insulin resistance. However, significance of FI-IS...
Citations
... For the Japanese population, playing basketball provides health benefits. Better values of bone mineral density at the femoral neck are found in the elderly for both genders (Otsuka et al., 2023). In our research, we observed that 47.5% of the students have favourable opinions on the beneficial influence of playing basketball on health, with only 14% believing that the effects are small or none. ...
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... 10 These "upper + lower body" sports may contribute to higher handgrip strength in early adulthood. 11,12 On the other hand, sports impact more than just handgrip strength and that may confound possible relationships. For example, muscle activity itself is associated with numerous signaling pathways. ...
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... A low level of vitamin D is reportedly associated with age-related health issues, such as sarcopenia, frailty, cognitive functional decline, and dementia [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65]. Iron-deficiency anemia is a serious health issue due to the desire for thinness among young women in Japan [66]. Underweight young women in Japan also exhibit a low intake of dietary fiber, calcium, iron, and vitamin D [67]. ...
... In the Japanese, only a few previous studies have assessed the association between obesity/diabetes and blood LPSs. Specifically, the blood levels of LPS-binding protein (LBP) have been reported to be associated with insulin sensitivity [10] and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome in the future [11] in studies among healthy subjects. It has also been reported that patients with type 2 diabetes have higher blood concentrations of LBP than healthy subjects [12] and that blood concentrations of LBP correlate with body mass index (BMI), glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory indices in diabetic patients [13]. ...
... In our previous study, we reported that both bone and cartilage parts of osteophytes can be readily detected by T2 mapping MRI in the medial tibia in almost all patients with earlystage knee OA 21 and demonstrated that MME is consistent with the full-length width of medial tibial osteophytes (width of cartilage and bone parts) 21 . In addition, we recently found that anterior meniscus extrusion in elderly subjects is closely associated with the full-length width of the anterior tibial osteophyte 32 . Based on these data, we hypothesized that MME in early-stage knee OA without meniscal tears may be induced through medial displacement of the medial meniscus by the medial tibial osteophyte 21 , since the medial meniscus is tightly attached to the medial tibial plateau by the meniscotibial ligament 21,33,34 . ...
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... The economic burden related to cancer treatment in society is substantial [49] 33.00% of the subjects in the survey for this study were freelancers with unstable jobs, and cancer and its treatment may lead to time away from work, limiting the patient's ability to work and reducing household income. In addition, patients receiving more intensive treatment may also have more severe or rapidly progressing disease, and greater intensity of treatment is often associated with higher out-of-pocket costs, which may increase the risk of nancial hardship. ...
... 10 These "upper + lower body" sports may contribute to higher handgrip strength in early adulthood. 11,12 On the other hand, sports impact more than just handgrip strength and that may confound possible relationships. For example, muscle activity itself is associated with numerous signaling pathways. ...
... 15 This index has also been shown to be highly reproducible, 16 and thus far, decreased glymphatic system activity has been suggested to occur in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, 14,17 small vessel diseases, 15 Parkinson's disease 18 and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. 19 Decreased diffusivity and glymphatic system activity have even been suggested for elderly adults 20 and patients with hypertension, 21 type 2 diabetes 22 and metabolic syndromes 23 using this method. ...
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... [133] Studies noted that type 2 diabetes induced injuries to the glymphatic system, which in turn caused cognitive deficits. [134][135] One of the pathological features of diabetes mellitus induction is increased accumulation of A . It is well known that most A plaques are excreted from the brain via the glym-www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advtherap.com ...
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... In this special issue, three studies have used human genetic data to explore the association between dietary factors and health. Sugimoto et al., explored associations of genetic variant rs671 located in ALDH2 gene with a range of variables among 1612 Japanese men and women [11]. ALDH2 variant is non-rare in East Asian participants, and associated with approximately 10-15 g alcohol intake per effect allele per day [12]. ...
