Xuening Wang's research while affiliated with Social and Environmental Research Institute and other places

Publications (4)

Article
Full-text available
Ancient Chinese bronzes, particularly bronze mirrors, often develop a fatty, oily, or greasy film on their surface, known as patina. This film can appear silvery, green, or black. Bronze mirror samples from the Spring and Autumn Period (770–476/403 BCE) to the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644 CE) were analyzed using a systematic approach that included super...
Preprint
Full-text available
Natural corrosion mechanisms and artificial treatment mechanisms are currently explained for the development of black and quicksilver on the surface of bronze mirrors. Our knowledge of the formation of these glossy patinas is currently limited. Several bronze mirror samples dating to the Han (206 B.C.E to 220 C.E), the Tang (618-907 C.E), and the S...
Article
Full-text available
Scientific analysis revealed the materials and techniques used in the process of making polychrome sculptures providing a solid foundation for the protection and restoration of the painted statues. In addition, the analyses revealed changes in colour schemes applied to the sculptures can provide the basis for the virtual restoration of the painted...
Preprint
Full-text available
Scientific analysis revealed the materials and techniques used in the process of making the polychrome sculptures providing a solid foundation for the protection and restoration of the painted statues. In addition analysis revealed changes in colour schemes applied to the sculptures can provide the basis for the virtual restoration of the painted s...

Citations

... According to the results of microscopic observation, ESEM-EDS, and LRS, the main elements at the black line are C and O, and the main component is amorphous carbon. The Chinese ink used in the Western Han Dynasty is mainly pine soot ink, and its main raw materials are pine soot and animal glue [41], and the main component of pine soot is amorphous carbon [42][43][44], which coincides with the results of LRS, so the black lines are the Chinese ink. ...