Xiaoming Liu's research while affiliated with Northeastern University (Shenyang, China) and other places
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Publications (34)
Implementing contact bubble refining techniques in high-temperature metallurgical and material preparation processes is challenging. It reduces the efficiency of mass and moment transfers due to the presence of large bubbles in the molten metal. Here, an innovative attempt to minimize the size of the bubbles by velocity fluctuation is suggested. An...
The continuum macroscopic transport approach combined with a tabulated thermodynamic phase transformation path is established to predict the macrosegregation in Fe‐1.05 wt% C‐1.65 wt% Cr hypereutectoid steel castings. A combined partial‐equilibrium (PE) and para‐equilibrium (PA) thermodynamic approximation is developed to retrieve the phase transfo...
The primary columnar crystal deviates due to forced flow induced by a mold electromagnetic stirrer (M-EMS). On this basis, the flow field can be qualitatively analyzed. As the growth characteristics of primary columnar crystal by double stirrings are still unknown, an electromagnetic swirling flow in the nozzle (EMSFN) approach was applied with M-E...
In view of the clogging problem associated with submerged entry nozzles (SEN) used for aluminum‐killed steel, the reaction behavior between the SEN and molten steel with high Al content with the influence of an external electric field is studied in this paper. The results showed that the application of an effective and positive voltage to the walls...
Herein, to provide theoretical foundation and experimental data for using electric field to control the service performance and improve the service life of submerged entry nozzle, the effect of the external electric field on the interfacial reaction and wetting behavior between the mold flux and the slag‐line materials is studied. It is shown in th...
Contact bubble refinement method is difficult to be applied in secondary refining process, resulting in low refining efficiency of metallurgical melt because of bubbles with large size. Herein, the non-contact forward–reverse rotating electromagnetic field (FRREF) with maximum 8.24 × 104 N/m3 electromagnetic force density is proposed to refine bubb...
Owing to the heat transfer from high-temperature liquid steel, the temperature of the coil in the electromagnetic induction controlled automated steel teeming (EICAST) system in the ladle is very high, seriously restricting the service life of the coil. A novel air-mist cooling method was adopted to reduce the coil temperature in this paper. Firstl...
Under the joint action of electromagnetic swirling flow in the nozzle (EMSFN) and mold electromagnetic stirring, Liquid level fluctuation in the mold is investigated to find the optimal combination parameters for the occurrence time of the minimum macrosegregation degree in continuous casting of round billet. When the current intensity of EMSFN dev...
Gas–liquid flow widely exists in industrial processes. Bubble refinement is of importance because smaller bubbles lead to higher efficiency of the gas–liquid interaction. Here, the novel rotating flow is designed for bubble refinement without using invasive parts. The drag force along the flow direction and the additional shear-lift force applied o...
To alleviate macrosegregation, it is the first time that an electromagnetic nozzle swirling flow is applied with a mold electromagnetic stirrer (M-EMS) during continuous casting of square and round billets. Compared with those by only M-EMS, the carbon ranges in square and round billets can be reduced to 0.022 and 0.046 pct, respectively, and the e...
As an anti-reconnaissance method, infrared stealth technology has been paid more and more attention. With low infrared emissivity and high reflectivity in the infrared band, aluminum (Al) with face centered cubic crystal structure is widely used in the research of infrared stealth materials. However, due to the similarly high reflectivity of metal...
In this paper, a unique metamaterial (MM) design incorporating both electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect and polarization conversion is proposed. It consists of a cut‐wire as a bright resonator and a side coupled split‐ring resonator (SRR) as a dark resonator, on the one hand, the dark resonator can be excited by the bright resonat...
We report on a high-efficiency cross-polarization conversion metamaterial design consisting of novel spiral split-ring resonators (SRRs). Numerical simulations on the resonant electric field and surface current distributions demonstrate that the cross-polarization response is attributed to the charge accumulation in the horizontal SRR gap. The depe...
With the rapid development of modern multi-band detection technology, stealth materials face unprecedented severe challenges. At present, it is still a difficult problem to achieve infrared-visible compatible stealth. By magnetron co-sputtering method, we prepare [email protected]2 nanoparticle composite films with different thicknesses. With the f...
Dynamic control of the absorption frequency and intensity of metamaterial absorbers has attracted considerable attention, and many kinds of tunable metamaterial absorbers have been proposed. Unfortunately, due to the integration of separate resonant unit and tunable unit, these designed metamaterial absorbers suffer from complex structure and low s...
Metamaterials are designed and manufactured artificially to manifest intriguing physical concepts and achieve unusual potential applications. However, the exotic properties of metamaterials normally originate from the resonance mechanism of artificial atoms, thus inevitably limited in narrow band and hindering their practical applications. Here, we...
In this paper, we propose a novel polarization conversion mechanism based on bianisotropic response of split ring resonator (SRR) metamaterial. It is found that under oblique incidence condition with the incident terahertz electric field parallel to the SRR gap, the magnetic field component of the incident wave can excite the fundamental LC resonan...
Dielectric capacitors are key devices in pulsed power systems for their high power density. To improve the energy density, compact nanocomposite films comprising PVDF polymer and core-shell BaTiO3@TiO2 nanoparticles are prepared, in which the BaTiO3 (d ~ 8 nm) nanoparticles are encapsulated by the amorphous TiO2 shell layer. Compared to the convent...
In this paper, we numerically, experimentally and theoretically investigate the polarization conversion effects of Split-ring resonator (SRR)-based metamaterial. When the electric field (E) is not parallel to any side of the SRR, the electric dipole mode of SRR can be excited under normal incidence conditions. This electric dipole contains a compon...
Ba (Zr0.2Ti0.8) O3-50% (Ba0.7Ca0.3) TiO3 (BZT-0.5BCT) ceramics with different doping contents of Pr3+ were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction. The phase structure and crystallinity of the fabricated ceramics were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Photoluminescence (PL) emission s...
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In this work, we numerically designed and then experimentally verified a metamaterial perfect absorber based on artificial dielectric “atoms”. This metamaterial absorber is composed of dielectric ceramic material (SrTiO3) “atoms” embedded in a background matrix on a metal plate. The dielectric “atoms” couple strongly to the incident electric and ma...
We numerically and experimentally demonstrated a polarization insensitive dual-band metamaterial perfect absorber working in wide incident angles based on the two magnetic Mie resonances of a single dielectric “atom” with simple structure. Two absorption bands with simulated absorptivity of 99% and 96%, experimental absorptivity of 97% and 94% at 8...
Dual band metamaterial perfect absorbers with two absorption bands are highly desirable because of their potential application areas such as detectors, transceiver system, and spectroscopic imagers. However, most of these dual band metamaterial absorbers proposed were based on resonances of metal patterns. Here, we numerically and experimentally de...
Anomalous field enhancement accompanied by resonant absorption phenomenon was originally discussed in the context of plasma physics and in applications related to radio-communications between the ground and spacecraft returning to Earth. Indeed, there is a critical period of time when all communications are lost due to the reflection/absorption of...
Anomalous field enhancement accompanied by resonant absorption phenomenon was
originally discussed in the context of plasma physics and in applications
related to radio-communications between the ground and spacecraft returning to
Earth. Indeed, there is a critical period of time when all communications are
lost due to the reflection/absorption of...
All-optical switching based on optical nonlinearity must undergo complex
processes of light-mater interaction in atom and electron scale, so a relative
high power and long response time is required, that construct main bottlenecks
in all-optical technology. In this paper, we propose a new mechanism for
building all-optical switching based on a chan...
Electromagnetic materials with tunable permeability and permittivity are highly desirable for wireless communication and radar technology. However, the tunability of electromagnetic parameters is an immense challenge for conventional materials and metamaterials. Here, we demonstrate a magnetically tunable Mie resonance-based dielectric metamaterial...
Dielectric materials with tunable permittivity are highly desirable for
wireless communication, radar technology. However, the tunability of dielectric
properties in the microwave frequency range and higher is an immense challenge
for conventional materials. Here, we demonstrate a giant magnetodielectric
effect in the GHz region in a metamaterial b...
Dysprosium orthoferrite has been found to undergo the Γ4(Gx,Fz)→Γ1(Gy) spin reorientation transition (Morin transition) at about 37 K. In this study, the Morin transition in DyFeO3 ceramic is investigated using a temperature-tunable terahertz spectroscopy system. It is experimentally demonstrated that the DyFeO3 ceramics exhibit obvious terahertz a...
Ferrite metamaterials based on the negative permeability of ferromagnetic resonance in ferrites are of great interest. However, such metamaterials face a limitation that the ferromagnetic resonance can only take place while an external magnetic field applied. Here, we demonstrate a metamaterial based on permanent magnetic ferrite which exhibits not...
An isotropic Mie resonance-based metamaterial perfect absorber with near unity absorbance is experimentally and numerically demonstrated. The metamaterial is constructed with an array of dielectric cubes and a metallic ground plane. The absorption peak of the metamaterial perfect absorber is dependent on the permittivity and the side length of the...
A multi-band ferrite-based metamaterial has been inves-tigated by experiments and simulations. The negative permeability is realized around the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency which can be influenced by the saturation magnetization 4πM s of the fer-rites. Due to having multiple negative permeability frequency regions around the multiple FMR...
A tunable dual-band ferrite-based metamaterial has been investigated by experiments and simulations. The negative permeability is realized around the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency which can be influenced by the dimension of the ferrites. Due to having two negative permeability frequency regions around the two FMR frequencies, the metamate...
Citations
... Efficient cooling for the coil is necessary (Kanamori et al., 2009). As we reported earlier, an air mist cooling approach can be used to minimize the coil temperature during the induction heating stage after installing WDS heat insulation material (He et al., 2021). Experiments revealed that the air mist cooling for 120 s reduces the coil temperature from 507°C to 255°C. ...
... Size is a crucial parameter of the bubble characteristics in the secondary refining processes where relatively smaller bubbles lead to enhanced efficiency of the interaction between the two phases. [62] Therefore the vibrational imprint of the bubbles should be carefully considered in the monitoring of stirring in secondary refining processes. It is expected that during gas injection in metal making ladles, the generated bubbles will undergo some degree of thermal expansion due to temperature gradients. ...
... Differing from M-EMS, EMSFN makes the molten steel rotate outwards from the nozzle outlet to the wall of the mold and can offer an opposite swirling flow in the tangential direction. In our previous work, unlike those by M-EMS, the number of finer equiaxed crystals was increased, and the segregation degree was reduced by using only EMSFN in the square steel billet [4] . When the EMSFN device with the opposite stirring direction combined with M-EMS was applied, the billet quality was further improved [4] . ...
... It is evident from Fig. 4(d) that the group delay of both modes follows the same linear blueshift trend observed in the quasi-BICs as the E f increases. The relevant [24][25][26][27][28][29] studies and comparisons of the slow-light effect in recent years are listed in Table 1. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/408986730942466-1474521443606_Q64/Tian-Yang-2.jpg)
... In the traditional sense, the methods of realizing radar-infrared dual stealth include coating metal with high reflectivity on the surface of microwave absorbers [18][19][20], doping conductive polymers [21,22], plasma [23,24], etc. To solve the problem of incompatibility of infrared radar stealth, some studies have been proposed. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/434894313660417-1480698292526_Q64/Kai-Wang-109.jpg)
... The PCR is nearly 90 % from 5.0 GHz to 10.0 GHz. To explain the process of polarization conversion, we take y-polarization as input and x-polarization as output for example, and the uand v-coordinate system is introduced [20]- [22]. The u-axis is along a 45 • direction concerning the y-axis and perpendicular to the v-axis [17], [23], as shown in Figure 2(c). ...
... However, the effect of the material properties of the color units on the pattern fusion effect is not mentioned. Liu et al. [3] used a tarp deformation camouflage template to prepare color units and successfully prepared a camouflage pattern of a large truck for the army applicable to a typical green (vegetative) background. The template can be reused repeatedly, but the cost required for the prepared color units is expensive. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/272291246374927-1441930700843_Q64/Guojian-Li.jpg)
... A microwave absorber consisting of an electric LC resonator structure, loaded with resistors and backed by a complimentary patch is reported in [23] for the energy harvesting application. The structures have also been designed aiming for other applications, such as thermal energy harvesting [24], scattering reduction [25], imaging [26], biomedical sensors [27], temperature sensors, and frequency-selective thermal emitters [28]. But, most of these earlier reported broadband absorbers have used either lumped resistors or resistive sheets, or resistive inks to obtain wideband responses. ...
... Since RX is highly sensitive to linearly polarized THz waves, it was rotated by 45 • with respect to x-axis. This ensures that there is always an equal component of the THz field along the x-and y-axis [60,61]. The THz transmission spectra were normalized to a co-polarized transmission spectrum through a bare silicon substrate. ...
... Split Ring Resonators (SRRs) are a popular choice for constructing metasurfaces, which have received significant research interest during the last decade for their negative permeability which is not attainable with ordinary materials. The resonance frequency of an SRR is determined by its dimensions, which can be adjusted to tune from microwave to terahertz and even visible frequencies [7]. Moreover, the SRR's anisotropic structure enables polarization conversion. ...
