Xiao Lv's research while affiliated with Minzu University of China and other places

A total of eleven new dimeric chromanones, paecilins F-P ( 2 – 12 ), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Xylaria curta E10, along with four known analogs ( 1 , 13 – 15 ). Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by extensive experimental spectroscopic methods, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and equivalent circulating density (ECD) calculations. In addition, the structure of paecilin A, which was reported to be a symmetric C8-C8′ dimeric pattern, was revised by analysis of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 showed antifungal activity against the human pathogenic fungus Candida albicans with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 μg/mL, and Compounds 8 and 10 showed antibacterial activity against the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli with the same minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 μg/mL.

Four new eremophilane-type sesquiterpenes, boeremialanes A–D (1–4) were obtained from solid substrate cultures of Boeremia exigua (Didymellaceae), an endophytic fungus isolated from Fritillaria hupehensis (Liliaceae). Boeremialanes A–C (1–3) are highly oxygenated eremophilanes with a benzoate unit attached at the C-13 position and are rarely found in nature. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) calculations with DP4+ analysis. Boeremialane D (4) potently inhibited nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 macrophages with an IC50 of 8.62 μM and was more potent than the positive control, pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (IC50 = 23.1 μM).

Five previously undescribed oblongolides, namely phomaones A-E, along with four known compounds, were isolated from the endophytic fungus Phoma bellidis Neerg.. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by extensive experimental spectroscopic methods as well as single crystal X-ray diffractions, ECD calculations and GIAO ¹³C NMR calculations. Phomaone A represent the first example of oblongolides with glycol directly linked by two C–C bonds, and its biosynthetic pathway were proposed. The cytotoxicity of obtained compounds was evaluated against human cancer cell lines MCF-7, DU145, and SW480. All compounds except phomaone A showed the cytotoxicity against MCF-7 with IC50 value ranging from 12.45 to 49.84 μM.

Five new isopimarane diterpenes, robustaditerpene A-E (1–5), which include 19-nor-isopimarane skeleton and isopimarane skeleton, were isolated from the liquid fermentation of the endophytic fungus Ilyonectria robusta collected from Bletilla striata. The structure elucidation and relative configuration assignments of all compounds were accomplished by interpretation of NMR and HRESIMS spectrometric analyses and ¹³C NMR calculation. And the absolute configuration of 1-5 were identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and ECD calculation. Compound 3 inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced B lymphocytes cell proliferation with an IC50 value at 17.42 ± 1.57 μM while compound 5 inhibited concanavalin A-induced T lymphocytes cell proliferation with an IC50 value at 75.22 ± 6.10 μM. These data suggested that compounds 3 and 5 may possess potential immunosuppressive prospect.

A previously undescribed polyketide (1) and 3 known analogs (2-4) were obtained from cultures of the potato endophytic fungus Aspergillus carneus. The structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of 1 was further determined by electronic circular dichroism and optical rotation calculations. Compounds 1-4 showed moderate antifungal activity against plant pathogens. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 inhibited nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of 13.36, 30.16, and 51.47 µM, respectively. Compound 4 showed effective antioxidant activity.

Senna tora has been used as a famous traditional medicine both in China and India to treat skin diseases, cough, hepatitis, fever, and hemorrhoids. Here, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of S. tora was reported and characterized for the first time. The cp genome is 162,426 bp in length, with a large single copy (LSC) region of 90,673 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,001 bp separated by a pair of 26,791 bp inverted repeat (IR) regions. There were 130 predicted genes including 85 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes in the genome, and the overall GC content of the genome is 36%. The phylogenetic analysis based on the cp genome data indicated that S. tora was closer to S. occidentalis.

Iris domestica has been used as Chinese traditional medicine to treat inflammation and throat disorders for many centuries. In this study, the complete plastid genome of I. domestica was first reported and characterized. The complete plastid genome is a typical quadripartite circular molecule of 153,729 bp in length, including a large single copy (LSC) region of 83,136 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,165 bp separated by two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 26,214 bp. A total of 132 genes including 86 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes were identified. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that I. domestica was closer to I. gatesii.

Paederia scandens has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries to treat jaundice, dysentery, and the pain of rheumatism. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of P. scandens was reported and characterized in this study. The cp genome is 153,626 bp in length, composed of a pair of 26,513 bp inverted repeat (IR) regions separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83,712 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 16,888 bp. There were 131 predicted genes (86 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes) in the genome, and the overall GC content of the genome is 37.7%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the cp genome data showed that P. scandens was sister to the clade formed by Galium mollugo and G. aparine.