Werner Platzer's research while affiliated with University of Freiburg and other places
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Publications (14)
The application of solar thermal systems to cover the heat demand of industries is aa relatively new and developing field. The heat demand in industry worldwide is huge and is needed to drive many different processes. Temperature requirements, demand profiles and integration complexities shown in the chapter vary from case to case. For temperatures...
In this chapter the physical processes and the composition of the sun leading to the sun as radiation source will be described. From that the properties of extra-terrestrial irradiation close to the earth are derived. Depending on the orientation of a surface different amounts of irradiation is received (horizontal, tilted, tracked). The atmosphere...
Solar collector systems always need to maximize the solar gain from the short-wave solar radiation of the sun and hence minimize optical losses. Many components and different materials are used in a solar collector to convert solar radiation into thermal heat. It is crucial to understand the principles and limitations of the interactions of transpa...
Solar thermal collectors are the core components of solar thermal energy systems, converting the solar radiation into heat, which is transported to a demand location by active or passive means. Solar thermal collectors can use the whole solar spectrum, not only a specific spectral part. But converted solar radiation cannot be fully used as inevitab...
Although the solar collector is the key component in a solar thermal system, depending on the temperature range needed and the heat transfer fluid found useful for this, many other system components like controls, pumps, heat exchangers, valves etc. are needed. When we investigate the application in buildings, room heating and hot water are the dom...
Based on the characteristics of individual collector units, a solar field has to be assembled which is sufficiently large to generate the required thermal power at a sufficiently high temperature. The heat transfer fluid is pumped through a solar field, transporting the heat from the collectors to the demand side heat exchanger or directly to the c...
Renewable energies meet an energy market that is characterized by an energy demand or rather an exergy demand, a supply by energy carriers and disposal of end products such as carbon dioxide (\(C{O}_{2}\)). Energy supply must satisfy the worldwide population growth as well as the increasing per capita energy consumption and this simultaneously with...
Solar heat can be used for electricity production by means of coupling a collector technology with an energy conversion cycle. In the chapter, at first the principles of the thermal cyclic process are elaborated, and then different ideal single and two-phase cyclic processes are discussed in terms of thermodynamics, plant arrangement as well as opt...
Solar heat can also be used as a thermal drive to operate refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Starting from the definition of refrigeration and air conditioning, a quantification of the power demand and a description of different methods for refrigeration and cooling is given. In particular, thermally driven refrigeration processes such as...
When solar radiation is converted into heat, thermal losses occur mainly due to passive heat transport modes as there are conduction through gases and solids, heat radiation and natural convection. In the latter one, already macroscopic mass transport driven by buoyancy effects can be observed. Convective heat transport is connected to momentum tra...
High-temperature collectors using optical concentration and tracking, are described in this chapter. The determination and optimization of the optical performance of line-focusing and point-focusing technologies is key for reaching high temperatures. We classify therefore the collectors by their optical concentrator principle. Although also the sel...
Thermal technologies and thus also solar thermal always involve heat transfer within a body or between bodies. In some cases the heat transfer has to be enhanced in order to achieve a highly efficient optical conversion of solar radiation into heat, in other cases a minimal heat loss over the system boundaries to the environment is the target. In p...
The storage of thermal energy is a core element of solar thermal systems, as it enables a temporal decoupling of the irradiation resource from the use of the heat in a technical system or heat network. Here, different physical operating principles are applicable, which enable the energy to be stored. Central parameters for the technical and economi...
