Weifang Chen's research while affiliated with Zhejiang University and other places

Publications (79)

Article
Aerodynamic thermal prediction plays a crucial role in the design of a hypersonic vehicle, particularly with regard to the thermal protection system. Traditional methods of aerodynamic thermal prediction encounter several primary challenges, including slow convergence rates, rigorous computational grid requirements, and the need to simplify by assu...
Article
Full-text available
The study of transpiration cooling is vital for the development of high-speed aircraft. In the current work, direct numerical simulation (DNS) is performed to investigate the impacts of wall transpiration on the boundary-layer oblique breakdown over a Mach 2 flat plate. The porous injection model is used to mimic the transpiration from the equally...
Article
Full-text available
Two problems exist in the study of the trajectory optimization problem of powered hypersonic gliding vehicles (HGVs) due to insufficient consideration of the overall design constraints as well as the strong couplings among relevant disciplines: (1) the engine and thrust models are not compatible with the existing HGV; (2) configuration parameters o...
Article
Full-text available
The shock wave and boundary layer interaction (SWBLI) plays an important role in the design of hypersonic vehicles. However, discrepancies between the numerical results of high-temperature gas dynamics and experiment data have not been fully addressed. It is believed that the rarefaction effects are important in SWBLI, but the systematic analysis o...
Article
Full-text available
The issue of hypersonic boundary layer transition prediction is a critical aerodynamic concern that must be addressed during the aerodynamic design process of high-speed vehicles. In this context, we propose an advanced mesoscopic method that couples the gas kinetic scheme (GKS) with the Langtry–Menter transition model, including its three high-spe...
Article
The present study reports the numerical analyses of lateral jet interaction around a Terminal High Altitude Area Defense-type (THAAD-type) model in hypersonic rarefied flows, with the real gas effect incorporated. The computation approach employed is the recently developed thermochemical non-equilibrium nonlinear coupled constitutive relations (NCC...
Article
As an active flow control technology, reverse jet is of great significance for high-altitudedrag reduction and heat reduction of high-speed aircraft. Hence, it is necessary to finely simulate its multi-scale flow structure and accurately obtain the flow-field information. Considering the limitation of NS (Navier-Stokes-Fourier) equation in predicti...
Article
In the field of rarefied gas dynamics, the presence of non-equilibrium flow characteristics poses significant challenges for achieving efficient and accurate numerical simulation methods. These challenges arise from the complex coexistence of these phenomena at multiple scales. The recent advent of intelligent fluid mechanics has introduced the dat...
Chapter
The nonlinear coupled constitutive relations (NCCR) model has recently gained great success in stable numerical predictions of high-speed flows over three-dimensional complex flight configurations. However, there is an urgent demand for performing essential experimental measurements to validate the new theoretical model before further promotion to...
Article
Full-text available
Aerodynamic thermal prediction plays an important role in the design of hypersonic aircraft, especially in the design of the aircraft’s thermal protection system. The main challenges of the aerothermal prediction lie in the slow converging speed and the strict requirements of the computational grid. In this paper, a convolutional-neural-network-bas...
Article
To further improve the efficiency of the unified gas-kinetic wave-particle (UGKWP) method in hypersonic rarefied non-equilibrium flows, particularly the particle simulation process, we presented the first application of the three-dimensional UGKWP method to multiple graphics processing unit (GPU) devices in this study. The wave and particle evoluti...
Article
A newly heuristic form of second-order slip/jump boundary conditions (BCs) for the Navier–Stokes–Fourier (NSF) equations is proposed from the viewpoint of generalized hydrodynamic equations (GHE) to extend the capability of the NSF equations for moderately rarefied gas flows. The nonlinear Rayleigh–Onsager dissipation function appearing in the GHE,...
Article
Full-text available
The efficient and accurate prediction of the aeroheating performance of hypersonic vehicles is a challenging task in the thermal protection system structure design process, which is greatly affected by grid distribution, numerical schemes, and iterative steps. From the inspiration of the theoretical analysis and machine learning strategy, a new wal...
Article
This paper investigates the problem of adaptive tracking control for quadcopter in the presence of nonlinear configuration uncertainties. It utilizes a real-time brain-inspired learning control (RBiLC) method to address the challenges posed by nonlinear time-varying uncertain instructions. To address the issue of flight control law reconfiguration...
Article
To predict aeroheating performance of hypersonic vehicles accurately in thermochemical nonequilibrium flows accompanied by rarefaction effect, a Nonlinear Coupled Constitutive Relations (NCCR) model coupled with Gupta’s chemical models and Park’s two-temperature model is firstly proposed in this paper. Three typical cases are intensively investigat...
Chapter
Accurate prediction of the laminar-turbulent transition with the aerodynamic force and heat in hypersonic boundary flows is essential for the design of a hypersonic vehicle. However, subject to the complex boundary layer mechanism of the angle of attack (AOA) effects, the numerical prediction with high accuracy of hypersonic transitional flows over...
Chapter
Hypersonic lifting vehicles experience severe aerodynamic heating while on hypersonic flight regime during atmospheric reentry or unpowered glide. Complex flow interaction is observed in a certain range of flight conditions that results in high heat flux banded region on the windward surface, which should be taken into consideration for thermal pro...
Article
Combined with numerical simulation and wind tunnel test technology, the nonlinear coupled constitutive relations (NCCR) model and the simplified generalized hydrodynamic (SGH) model derived by dimen-sional analysis in hypersonic continuum flows were studied in this paper. Based on the hypersonic wind tunnel test system, the aerodynamic force and su...
Article
Scattering kernels are of paramount importance in modeling gas-surface interactions for rarefied gas flows. However, most existing empirical models need one or several accommodation coefficients (ACs) to be determined before applications. In this paper, an unsupervised machine learning technique, known as the Gaussian mixture (GM) model, is applied...
Article
Full-text available
Recently, the unified gas-kinetic wave-particle (UGKWP) method was proposed to describe rarefied flows efficiently in all Knudsen numbers. However, the initial UGKWP method with the Bhatna-gar-Gross-Krook (BGK) model has its own limitations due to the unit Prandtl number. To further improve its performance in non-equilibrium flows, the UGKWP method...
Conference Paper
View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-1050.vid In this paper, an extended Gas-Kinetic Scheme (GKS) is developed to predict the hypersonic turbulent and transitional flows. By using an extended Maxwellian distribution function together with a BGK-type equation, the extended GKS method is obtained. The main innovation is the additio...
Article
Full-text available
To overcome the defects of traditional rarefied numerical methods such as the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method and unified Boltzmann equation schemes and extend the covering range of macroscopic equations in high Knudsen number flows, data-driven nonlinear constitutive relations (DNCR) are proposed first through the machine learning meth...
Article
Recently, the generalized hydrodynamic equations (GHE) and nonlinear coupled constitutive relation (NCCR) model have been successfully utilized for the practical application in stable numerical computations of the non-equilibrium flows. However, their stability property has never been studied theoretically, and the inherent connection with classica...
Preprint
Full-text available
To overcome the defects of traditional rarefied numerical methods such as the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method and unified Boltzmann equation schemes and extend the covering range of macroscopic equations in high Knudsen number flows, data-driven nonlinear constitutive relations (DNCR) are proposed firstly through machine learning method...
Article
For simulation of hypersonic turbulent and transitional flows at high Reynolds numbers, a gas-kinetic scheme (GKS) strongly coupled with the turbulent kinetic energy equation in shear stress transport (SST) k−ω turbulence model is developed. To extend the current method to transitional flows, Langtry-Menter γ−Reθ transition model is added together...
Article
As all known, there exists extremely thermal and chemical non-equilibrium phenomenon in hypersonic flows. Much effort has been put into the development of computational models for the prediction of such non-equilibrium flow. In order to obtain the real physical solution of the challenging non-equilibrium problems, Eu proposed a set of generalized h...
Article
Full-text available
This paper describes an experimental study of the cooling capabilities of microchannel and micro-pin-fin based on-chip cooling systems. The on-chip cooling systems integrated with a micro heat sink, simulated power IC (integrated circuit) and temperature sensors are fabricated by micromachining and silicon-to-silicon direct bonding. Three micro hea...
Article
Full-text available
It is well known that Navier-Stokes equations are not valid for those high-Knudsen and high-Mach flows, in which the local thermodynamically non-equilibrium effects are dominant. To extend the non-equilibrium describing the ability of macroscopic equations, Nonlinear Coupled Constitutive Relation (NCCR) model was developed from Eu’s generalized hyd...
Article
To obtain accurate physical description of nonequilibrium flows, Eu proposed a set of generalized hydrodynamic equations (GHEs) using a nonequilibrium ensemble method. However, Eu’s equations are very difficult to solve by employing the well-established numerical schemes for hyperbolic partial differential equations. Recently, a simplified nonlinea...
Article
Full-text available
The rotational energy of diatomic gases would be activated by the process of intermolecular collisions in high-temperature hypersonic flows. In this paper, a multi-temperature nonlinear coupled constitutive model has been proposed for simulating the transfer of energy between translational and rotational motions in hypersonic non-equilibrium flows....
Article
The linear Navier–Stokes–Fourier (NSF) constitutive relations are derived on the assumption of the small deviation from local thermodynamic equilibrium, and consequently they may fail in describing flows removed far from local equilibrium, like rarefied hypersonic flows. In this paper, a nonlinear constitutive model of diatomic gases named as “nonl...
Conference Paper
Aerodynamic heating in hypersonic flow presents one of the most serious challenges in the design of space vehicles. In the present study, heat flux reduction mechanism of the pulsed counterflowing jet from the nose of a blunt body is numerically investigated. Flow field around the hemisphere model is calculated in hypersonic free stream of Mach num...
Conference Paper
Grad’s 13-moment theory cannot give continuous shock structure solutions beyond Ma=1.65. The critical Mach number will increase with the number of moments, but unsatisfactorily very slow. In this paper, the shock structure singularity in the moment equation is also revisited by using Eu’s generalized hydrodynamics. The complete closed generalized h...
Article
Full-text available
On the basis of Eu’Generalized hydrodynamic equations, a set of nonlinear algebraic equations for non-conserved variables (shear stress and heat flux), namely nonlinear coupled constitutive relations (NCCR), was proposed to extend linear NSF constitutive models’ capability in simulating non-equilibrium flows under adiabatic assumption, Eu’s closure...
Article
Burnett equations were originally derived in 1935 by Burnett by employing the Chapman-Enskog expansion to Classical Boltzmann equation to second order in Knudsen number Kn. Since then several variants of these equations have been proposed in the literature; these variants have differing physical and numerical properties. In this papers, we consider...
Preprint
The linear Navier-Stokes-Fourier (NSF) constitutive relations are capable of simulating the near-continuum flows, but fail in description of those flows which are removed far away from local equilibrium. In this paper, a diatomic nonlinear model named as nonlinear coupled constitutive relations (NCCR), derived from Eu's generalized hydrodynamics an...
Article
Full-text available
Non-equilibrium effects exist extensively in microfluidic flows, and the accurate simulation of the Knudsen layer behind them is rather challenging for the linear Newton–Fourier model. In this paper, a high-order reduced model (nonlinear coupled constitutive relations) from Eu’s generalized hydrodynamic equations is applied for the investigation of...
Conference Paper
Gas or liquid flow through small channels has become more and more popular due to the micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication technologies such as micro-motors, electrostatic comb-drive, micro-chromatographs, micro-actuators, micro-turbines and micro-pumps, etc. The flow conditions in and around these systems are always recognized as ty...
Conference Paper
The inner shock wave structure with non-equilibrium effect is difficult to be accurately simulated due to the great gradient of density and temperature. In this paper, simplified conventional Burnett (SCB) equations were formulated for the study of hypersonic shock wave structure in continuum-transition regime. The conventional Burnett equations we...
Preprint
Full-text available
Non-equilibrium effects play a vital role in high-speed and rarefied gas flows and the accurate simulation of these flow regimes are far beyond the capability of near-local-equilibrium Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations. Eu proposed generalized hydrodynamic equations which are consistent with the laws of irreversible thermodynamics to solve this probl...
Article
Past studies of plasma sheaths enveloping vehicles have shown that the distribution of plasma is time-varying and results in communication and navigation problems. This paper aims to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the plasma sheath through the simulations of the Radio Attenuation Measurements-C II vehicle and the Apollo command module f...
Conference Paper
Non-equilibrium effects play a vital role in high-speed and rarefied gas flows and the accurate simulation of these flow regimes are far beyond the capability of near-local-equilibrium Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations. Eu proposed generalized hydrodynamic equations which are consistent with the laws of irreversible thermodynamics to solve this probl...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The moment methods in rarefied gas dynamics could be divided into generalized hydrodynamic equations (GHE) and extended hydrodynamic equations (EHE), e.g., Burnett equations, Grad equations and R-13 equations, theoretically. Eu firstly developed the GHE based on a non-equilibrium canonical distribution function and demonstrated the thermodynamicall...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Non-equilibrium effects play a vital role in high-speed and rarefied gas flows and the accurate simulation of these flow regimes are far beyond the capability of near-local-equilibrium Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations. Eu proposed generalized hydrodynamic equations which are consistent with the laws of irreversible thermodynamics to solve this probl...
Article
Hypersonic vehicles are enveloped by a plasma sheath that affects the data transmission and object identification. This paper develops a numerical methodology based on Magnetohydrodynamics equations to study the electromagnetic environment of hypersonic vehicles under the condition of carbon-based thermal protection material ablation. A surface abl...
Article
Although substantial numbers of aerodynamic shape optimization works have been carried out in the past few decades, the effects of boundary layer transition are not considered in the overwhelmingly majority of those previous studies. For more accurate prediction of the flow field, and for exploration of relations between aerodynamic heating and geo...
Article
Full-text available
Aerodynamic shape optimization (ASO) of a hypersonic wing profile has been carried out for the alleviation of the severe aerodynamic heating on the stagnation point. Free-form deformation (FFD) and transfinite interpolation (TFI) are used for parametric modeling and grid deformation. The Navier-Stokes equations, combined with the equations for ther...
Article
An improved hybrid particle simulation method (IHPSM) intended for hypersonic flows including various Knudsen number regimes is developed. In this approach, two different types of particle simulation methods, the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method and the DSMC-based equilibrium particle simulation method (EPSM), are adopted to simulate the...
Article
This paper describes the computations of hypersonic flows in a diatomic gas in rotational nonequilibrium using a newly developed simplified set of Burnett equations designated as simplified conventional Burnett equations. Since the original formulation by Burnett, a number of variations to the original Burnett equations have been proposed, and the...
Conference Paper
This paper describes the methodology for computing hypersonic flight vehicle electromagnetic scattering characteristics under condition of thermochemical nonequilibrium ablation flow using Maxwell Equations and Navier-Stokes Equations. Some previous work has been report by Bhaskar et al. (2005) for calculating microwave scattering from metallic obj...
Conference Paper
Burnett equations were originally derived in 1935 by Burnett by employing the Chapman-Enskog expansion to Classical Boltzmann equation to second order in Knudsen number Kn. Since then several variants of these equations have been proposed in the literature; these variants have differing physical and numerical properties. In this paper, we consider...
Article
This paper describes the computations of hypersonic shock wave structure in a gas in rotational non-equilibrium using a newly developed simplified set of Burnett equations designated as Simplified Conventional Burnett (SCB) equations. Since the original formulation by Burnett, a number of variations to the original Burnett equations have been propo...
Article
For computation of rarefied flows in continuum-transition regime with Knudsen number Kn of O(1), Burnett equations have been proposed about a century ago as a set of extended hydrodynamics equations (EHE) that represent the second-order departure from thermodynamic equilibrium in the Chapman–Enskog expansion of Boltzmann equation; the first order t...
Article
High-order modified Navier-Stokes (NS) equations are introduced to describe the transitional flow derived from Burnett equations considering the inaccurate simulation of shock structure using traditional NS continuum methods, particularly at high Mach numbers. This process is performed by defining the effective transportation coefficient, which is...

Citations

... Following the previous research, 61 this study aims to further investigate the interaction between lateral jet flow with hypersonic rarefied crossflow. Using the newly developed NCCR model of multispecies thermochemical non-equilibrium gases, 59 the primary objective of this paper is to reveal the physical mechanism underlying lateral jet interaction with hypersonic rarefied crossflow, considering the real gas effect, and to explore the resulting impact on the performance of RCS in an in-flight vehicle. ...
... Subsequently, Myong simplified the convection term in the evolution equation of heat flux based on Eu's adiabatic hypothesis and closure theory [10], proposing a set of nonlinear coupled algebraic equations known as the nonlinear coupled constitutive relations (NCCR) model [11]. To date, the NCCR model has been extensively investigated and validated in various nonequilibrium gas flow problems [12][13][14][15][16][17]. The NCCR model can recover NS equation solutions in the continuum region and provide more accurate nonequilibrium phenomena and nonlinear effect predictions than traditional NS equations in several typical rarefied nonequilibrium flows, such as one-dimensional shock wave structure [14,18], Couette flow [19], Poiseuille gas flow [20], thermodynamic [21], and thermochemical nonequilibrium flows [12,22] along with threedimensional complex flows past hypersonic vehicles [23,24]. ...
... Regarding this type of multi-scale lateral jet flow, where the local thermodynamically equilibrium assumption fails, the NSF equations that are based on the continuum hypothesis may lose their validity to describe accurately the complex and strong non-equilibrium flowfield. 18 In addition, though the DSMC method is often regarded as the standard benchmark solution for the numerical simulations of hypersonic rarefied flows, the computational efficiency of the DSMC method is relatively low when simulating the near continuum flows. ...
... With the rapid advancement of aircraft and robotics technology 1 , the development of high-performance adaptive control 2 methods for uncertain systems in various scenarios has become a prominent research focus in recent decades 3,4,5 . Reviewing previous works 6,7,8,9,10,11 it is evident that the realization of a multi-task universal adaptive control system with autonomous learning capabilities poses significant challenges. ...
... These two methods calculate the gas distribution function at the cell interface through the local solution of the Boltzmann equation, which couples the free transport and the collision processes of gas molecules. The distribution function in UGKS is expressed by 28,29 f n ij;a ¼ e ÀDt=s f x ij À n a Dt; n a ; 0 ...
... Subsequently, Myong simplified the convection term in the evolution equation of heat flux based on Eu's adiabatic hypothesis and closure theory [10], proposing a set of nonlinear coupled algebraic equations known as the nonlinear coupled constitutive relations (NCCR) model [11]. To date, the NCCR model has been extensively investigated and validated in various nonequilibrium gas flow problems [12][13][14][15][16][17]. The NCCR model can recover NS equation solutions in the continuum region and provide more accurate nonequilibrium phenomena and nonlinear effect predictions than traditional NS equations in several typical rarefied nonequilibrium flows, such as one-dimensional shock wave structure [14,18], Couette flow [19], Poiseuille gas flow [20], thermodynamic [21], and thermochemical nonequilibrium flows [12,22] along with threedimensional complex flows past hypersonic vehicles [23,24]. ...
... Through these comparisons, it becomes evident that the SGH model yields better agreement with the DSMC data, particularly concerning the surface heat flux coefficient, when compared to the NS equations at Ma 10 and Kn 0.05. Article in Advance / TECHNICAL NOTES proximity to the wall, a recently established second-order slip/jump boundary condition modified by the SGH model [33] has been reported to extend the capability of the NS equations for moderately rarefied gas flows. ...
... Subsequently, Myong simplified the convection term in the evolution equation of heat flux based on Eu's adiabatic hypothesis and closure theory [10], proposing a set of nonlinear coupled algebraic equations known as the nonlinear coupled constitutive relations (NCCR) model [11]. To date, the NCCR model has been extensively investigated and validated in various nonequilibrium gas flow problems [12][13][14][15][16][17]. The NCCR model can recover NS equation solutions in the continuum region and provide more accurate nonequilibrium phenomena and nonlinear effect predictions than traditional NS equations in several typical rarefied nonequilibrium flows, such as one-dimensional shock wave structure [14,18], Couette flow [19], Poiseuille gas flow [20], thermodynamic [21], and thermochemical nonequilibrium flows [12,22] along with threedimensional complex flows past hypersonic vehicles [23,24]. ...
... It was shown that decreasing velocity component behavior was caused by the velocity slip parameter as it increased in both directions. Hui et al. (2023) investigated the velocity slip and temperature jump for a two-dimensional rough plate in hypersonic conditions using the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) technique. They came to the conclusion that altering the slip model increased the precision of macroscopic variables, particularly the coefficient of heat transmission, when compared to the conventional first-order slip boundary conditions. ...
... The first approach combines feature extraction algorithms with regression algorithms to perform a nonlinear mapping of local physical features for prediction. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Although it requires manual experts in extraction algorithms, such as determining the remained proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) modes by sorting eigenvalues or predefining the number of latent variables in variational autoencoder (VAE), 11 it is faster and requires fewer samples to train a model by this method. The second approach leverages the ability of deep learning algorithms to handle high-dimensional tensor data and constructs a mapping from initial tensor data to flow field tensor data. ...