Wei Hu's research while affiliated with Peking University and other places
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Publications (86)
In this Letter, we explore the intersection of chirality and recently discovered toroidal spatiotemporal optical vortices (STOVs). We introduce “photonic conchs” theoretically as a new type of toroidal-like state exhibiting geometrical chirality, and experimentally observe these wave packets with controllable topological charges. Unlike toroidal ST...
Time‐dependent dynamic information encryption technology is a promising approach to enhancing the security and complexity of information transmission. Herein, a time‐dependent information encryption model from a liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) film with a programmable glass transition temperature (Tg) and gradually adjustable fluorescence is demon...
Mesocrystals introduce high‐level orders, such as chirality, topology, and hierarchy to the crystallography, and thus bring collective and emergent properties beyond traditional crystals. Orthogonally modulating the multiple degrees of light is highly pursued to fully explore the intrinsic multidimensional and large‐scale parallel processing capabi...
Rotational symmetry is ubiquitous in nature. However, self‐assemblies of soft condensed matter such as liquid crystals (LCs) are entropy‐driven, making the tailoring of rotational symmetry challenging. Here, an approach is proposed to control the rotational symmetry of LC domain lattices based on the anchoring condition predesign and the orientatio...
The development of an integrated material system capable of effectively organizing and combining multisource information, such as dynamic pigmentary, structural and fluorescent colors, is significant and challenging. Achieving such programmable dynamic information storage could considerably enhance the diversity and security of information deliveri...
Optical edge detection significantly reduces the image information load and is highly sought after in instant image processing. Robustness to the wavelength and polarization of light as well as mechanical vibration is a key requirement for practical applications. Here, a robust optical edge detector is proposed and demonstrated based on a reflectiv...
With the demand for the diversity and security of information deliveries increasing, advanced security tag for data encryption has attracted great interest from the scientific community. It is promising to achieve composite dynamic information storage by the combination of multisource stimuli‐responsive mechanism. Here, mechano‐ and chemochromism c...
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are expected to possess high ionic conductivity and conformal interfacial contact with all cell components for all‐solid‐state lithium‐ion batteries. However, the commonly used in situ separator‐assisted approach reduces the ionic conductivity because of the use of inert and non‐ion‐conducting separators. Here, a f...
Dynamic scattering has been a prominent technique in the display industry for several years. However, conventional approaches have required the use of tailored conductive layers to enable modular control in display panels. This has resulted in an increase in process complexity and device cost. To overcome these limitations, the present work propose...
With the switchability between transparent and light-scattering states, polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) are widely used as smart windows, flexible display devices, projectors, and other devices. In outdoor applications, in addition to excellent electro-optical properties, there is also a high demand for film stability. In this work, a PDLC...
Endowing advanced 3D photonic nanoarchitectures with dynamic controllability is currently in the spotlight of soft‐matter photonics research. Herein, a well‐defined photopatterned polymer‐stabilized blue phase (PSBP) film with 3D electrically tunable photonic bandgap is fabricated by a liquid crystalline thiol–acrylate monomers system. Remarkably,...
![Figure 2. Schematic diagrams of (a) the wedge cell [47] and (b) the LC...](publication/367345232/figure/fig2/AS:11431281114381287@1674480704580/Schematic-diagrams-of-a-the-wedge-cell-47-and-b-the-LC-phase-grating-48-c_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 3. (a) Schematic diagram of the metal-LC-metal absorber [64]....](publication/367345232/figure/fig3/AS:11431281114397749@1674480704831/a-Schematic-diagram-of-the-metal-LC-metal-absorber-64-b-Illustration-of-a_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 4. (a) Schematic diagram of an LC THz-resonant switch [72]. (b)...](publication/367345232/figure/fig4/AS:11431281114397750@1674480705030/a-Schematic-diagram-of-an-LC-THz-resonant-switch-72-b-Illustration-of-an-optically_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 6. Schematic diagrams of (a) a THz programmable metasurface [89]...](publication/367345232/figure/fig5/AS:11431281114381289@1674480705381/Schematic-diagrams-of-a-a-THz-programmable-metasurface-89-and-b-an-LC-spatial-phase_Q320.jpg)
Recently, terahertz waves of higher frequencies compared to microwave and radio frequency have shown great potential in radar detection and high-speed wireless communication. To spatially control the wavefront of terahertz beams, various novel components, such as terahertz filters, polarization converters and lenses, have been investigated. Metamat...
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for building solid‐state lithium batteries due to their excellent flexibility, scalability, and interfacial compatibility with electrodes. However, the low ionic conductivity and poor cyclic stability of SPEs do not meet the requirements for practical application...
The ability of some animals to rapidly change their colors can greatly improve their chances of escaping predators or hunting prey. A classic example is cephalopods, which can rapidly shift through a wide range of colors. This ability is based on the synergetic effect of the change of pigmentary and structural colors exhibited by their own two cate...
The unique phase-separated microstructure has endowed polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) with outstanding electro-optical performances. However, their applications are hampered by the high driving voltage and low contrast ratio. Attempts to optimize the materials have been made in order to reduce the driving voltage without sacrificing the c...
In this study, the spintronic terahertz emitter integrated with phase complementary elements is first proposed to manipulate a terahertz wave with linear-elliptical-circular polarization. The phase complementary elements are composed of liquid crystal and metasurface and could achieve polarization conversion in a wide operating bandwidth by changin...
Flexible polarization control of the terahertz wave in the wide bandwidth is crucial for numerous applications, such as terahertz communication, material characterization, imaging, and biosensing diagnosis. However, this promise is impeded by the operating bandwidth of circular polarization states, control modes, and the efficiency of the regulatio...
It is a challenge for all-optical switching to simultaneous achieve ultralow power consumption, broad bandwidth and high extinction ratio. We experimentally demonstrate an ultralow-power all-optical switching by exploiting chiral interaction between light and optically active material in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. We achieve switching extinctio...
Design and fabrication of freestanding chiro‐photonic crystal film with the ability to change color over the whole visible light spectrum is appealing for anticounterfeiting technology and smart labels. Utilizing a newly synthesized light‐responsive molecular motor functionalized with cholesterol (chol‐MM) on the rotor, novel light‐controlled photo...
Due to the switchability between transparent and light-scattering states, polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) are widely used as smart windows, flexible display devices, projectors and other devices. In this work, we propose a new composite system containing TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), liquid crystals and polymer that have low driving voltage,...
Spatial light modulators can digitally manipulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. Their counterparts in the terahertz band are highly pursued to meet the requirements of numerous applications such as wireless communications and biomedical detection. Here, we propose a spatial terahertz wave modulator based on a liquid-crystal-integ...
Smart windows, which can provide comfortable indoor conditions for cars or buildings and protect the privacy of people, have attracted much attention. Traditional acrylate‐based smart windows have the disadvantages of high energy consumption and poor stability. Herein, we report an energy‐efficient smart window based on a liquid crystalline composi...
Circular dichroism spectroscopy is one of the most important tools in nanoscopic chiroptics. However, there is lack of simple, fast and reliable method for measuring the circular dichroism responses of single nanostructures. To tackle this issue, we report a polarization-dispersive imaging spectrometer which is capable of measuring the scattering c...
Conventional liquid‐crystal (LC) devices can only realize a single‐manipulation of optical amplitude or phase, which hinders the development of LC devices toward ultracompact multifunctional integration. Herein, it is shown LC devices can be readily extended to multifunctional ones without the cost of complex design and fabrication. Specifically, b...
Recently, smart windows based on polymer‐dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) composites have garnered enormous interest owing to their electrically switchable properties. However, the low UV‐shielding characteristics of these films limit their widespread application. Here, we reported novel PDLC composite films doped with functionalized TiO2 nanopart...
The market demand of high performance engineering materials, which both have strong mechanical properties and excellent self-healing capability, has increased sharply with the development of industrialization. Therefore, to endow the...
In this work, we prepared polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films with good mechanical properties, high contrast ratio (CR), and low driving voltage (Vdr). These PDLC films included two different monomers, which were hydroxyl methacrylate monomers and fluorinated methacrylate monomers. The electro-optical properties, micro-structures and mech...
In this work, polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films, with good electro-optical and adhesion properties, were obtained by phase separation induced through thiol-ene click chemistry. The effects of liquid crystal content, thiol content and thiol functionality on the electro-optical and adhesion properties of the PDLC films were systematically...
An all-liquid-crystal device for fast orbital angular momentum encoding and optical vortex beam steering is proposed and demonstrated. It is a combination of a cascaded spin-determined beam deflector and an optical vortex generator. The fast switching derives from the rapid in-plane optical axis rotation of ferroelectric liquid crystal half-wave pl...
A chiral‐switchable device for circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is fabricated based on dynamic superstructure of cholesteric liquid crystals (N*‐LC) doped with light‐driven molecular motor (MM), which achieves simultaneous modulation of chirality and intensity of CPL. Functional MM, designed with the modification of alkyl chains on the rotor...
It is commonly believed that optical activity (OA) is manifested mainly in chiral media, but rare in non‐chiral structures. Here, an analog of OA in free space is experimentally demonstrated by using a single liquid‐crystal Pancharatnam–Berry phase element (PBPE), for which the mechanism is highly consistent with that of the traditional OA. The spe...
All-optical switching increasingly plays an important role in optical information processing. However, simultaneous achievement of ultralow power consumption, broad bandwidth and high extinction ratio remains challenging. We experimentally demonstrate an ultralow-power all-optical switching by exploiting chiral interaction between light and optical...
Spiropyran‐based materials (SPBMs) can give responses to the stimulations induced by the light, heat, force, or pH, which have been used as triggers for many smart materials. Here, a cross‐linkable SPBM containing mesogenic‐units is synthesized, which is pale‐colored, non‐photoluminescent and non‐mesogenic at a spiro form, but dark‐colored, photolu...
Terpenes are a large class of hydrocarbon compounds derived from isoprene, which can be produced by plants or emitted by insects. Terpene alcohols contain double bonds that may affect the addition polymerization, and hydroxyl groups that can promote the network crosslinking density during the formation of polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal (PDLC) com...
The self‐sustainable dynamic movement of soft actuators represents a continuous motion upon constant stimulus to achieve its great potential in emerging photoresponsive applications from self‐propelling machines, artificial robots to advanced biomimetic devices. Conversion of dynamic isomerization of molecular motors and switches into macroscopic s...
A cross-linkable spiropyran-based molecule (SPBM) containing mesogenic units with switchable color, photoluminescence and mesomorphism is synthesized. Therefore, programmable chromism and photoluminescence can be endowed to the functional materials prepared from the SPBMs, which own a tunable glass transition temperature (Tg) by converting the conf...
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Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films were prepared by thermal polymerization-induced phase separation in epoxy/polymercaptan/liquid crystal (LC)/accelerator mixtures. The effects of the concentration of LC and accelerator, the curing temperature, and the structure of epoxy monomer on the electro-optical (E-O) properties and adhesion streng...
Developing 3D photonic nanostructures with stimuli-directed controllability has been a burgeoning but challenging area in the field of optical materials as there are numerous opportunities in next-generation communication systems. In this study, polymer-stabilised blue phase I material systems with self-assembled 3D tunable photonic bandgap (PBG) w...
Active lenses with focal tunable properties are highly desired in the modern imaging systems from the visible to the microwaves. In this paper, we demonstrate a terahertz (THz) lens with electrically switchable focal length. It is composed of a large-birefringence liquid crystal (LC) layer infiltrating a dielectric metasurface. When the birefringen...
Fabricating functional materials via molecular self-assembly is a promising approach, and precisely controlling the molecular building blocks of nanostructures in the self-assembly process is an essential and challenging task. Blue phase liquid crystals are fascinating self-assembled three-dimensional nanomaterials because of their potential inform...
Airy beams exhibit intriguing properties such as nonspreading, self-bending, and self-healing and have attracted considerable recent interest because of their many potential applications in photonics, such as to beam focusing, light-sheet microscopy, and biomedical imaging. However, previous approaches to generate Airy beams using photonic structur...
The capacity of an optical communication system can be greatly increased by using separate orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes as independent channels for signal transmission and encryption. At present, a transmissive OAM mode generator compatible with wavelength division multiplexing is being highly pursued. Here, we introduce a specific double-l...
Liquid‐crystalline polymers have been applied to a wide variety of stimuli‐responsive materials; however, the inevitable mesogenic alignment or extra complicated preparation hinders their further application and large‐scale fabrication. Here, fabrication of free‐standing blue phase liquid‐crystalline (BPLC) film is reported by using one well‐design...
A unique splitter is proposed and demonstrated to realize the generation and separation of autofocusing and autodefocusing circular Airy beams (CABs). The design of the splitter is derived from the Fourier transform of a CAB associated with the Pancharatnam–Berry phase, and the fabrication is carried out via a liquid-crystal photo-patterning techni...
The use of a noncontact photoalignment method to fabricate in‐plane optical structures, defined by the local uniaxial ordering of liquid crystalline conjugated polymer chains, is reported. Molecular orientation is demonstrated for both green‐light‐emitting fluorene‐benzothiadiazole alternating copolymer F8BT and F8BT/red light emitting complex copo...
In this Letter, we propose that the photopatterned liquid crystal (LC) can act as a broadband and efficient terahertz (THz) Bessel vortex beam (BVB) generator. The mechanism lies in the frequency-dependent geometric phase modulation induced by the spatially variant LC directors. By adopting large birefringence LCs and optimizing the cell gap, the m...
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light has been extensively studied during the past two decades. Till now, it is a formidable challenge to dynamically manipulate OAM in fast switching speed, good beam quality and low power consumption. Here, an alternative strategy is proposed through the combination of the uniformly-aligned ferroelectric liquid c...
Optical activity, the power of a medium to rotate the polarization of a light beam, has contributed significantly to molecular structure assessments in stereochemistry, biomolecular science and crystallography. Thus far, it is commonly believed that optical activity is manifested only in the chiral media which can give rise to circular birefringenc...
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) entanglement states have great potential in enhancing the information capacity in quantum communications. To make full use of the OAM degree of freedom, the measurement and distinction of OAM Bell states become a key step that needs to be accomplished. However, there is still no solution to achieve complete distinctio...
Achromatic focusing is essential for broadband operation, which has recently been realised from visible to infrared wavelengths using a metasurface. Similarly, multi-terahertz functional devices can be encoded in a desired metasurface phase profile. However, metalenses suffer from larger chromatic aberrations because of the intrinsic dispersion of...
A continuously deformative space possesses trivial or nontrivial topological characteristics depending on the associated homotopy groups associated with spaces describing the physical processes. Moreover, the interaction of spatial warping and structural symmetry always presents fantastic phenomena, especially in the systems with unique symmetrical...
The editors introduce the feature issue on liquid crystal beyond displays.
We propose the auto-transition of vortex-Airy to vector-Airy beams realized via a liquid crystal q-Airy-plate, whose director distribution is the integration of a q-plate and a polarization Airy mask. The polarization, phase, intensity distributions of the vortex-vector-Airy beams (VVABs) during the transition process and individual trajectories of...
Thiols are prone to react with a multitude of various functional groups in high yields, which has been widely used for surface‐ and particle‐patterning, bioorganic synthesis, polymer modification, imprint nanolithography, the fabrication of optical components, hydrogel synthesis, and the curing of hard protective coatings. In this work, a chiral th...
Thiols are prone to react to high yields with a multitude of various functional groups, which have been widely used for surface and particle patterning, bioorganic synthesis, polymer modification, imprint nanolithography, fabrication of optical components, hydrogel synthesis, curing of hard protective coatings. In this work, a chiral thiol with a h...
We propose a quasi-periodic structure (QPS) with topological defects. The analytical expression of the corresponding Fourier spectrum is derived, which reflects the combined effects of topological structure and quasitranslational symmetry. Light-matter interaction therein brings unusual diffraction characteristics with exotic evolution of orbital a...
By using the strong nonlinear effect and ultrafast electronic response of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC), ultrafast all optical switching between polarization vortex and phase vortex is realized in a system combining CLC and q-plate. The experimental result shows that switching with high modulation depth can be accomplished in less than 1 picose...
A magnetically and electrically polarization-tunable terahertz emitter that integrates a ferromagnetic heterostructure and large-birefringence liquid crystals is demonstrated. The heterostructure and the liquid crystal cell act as the broadband terahertz source and the phase retarder, respectively. The polarization state is switched between linear...
In this paper, we promote a new polymer microsphere-filled cholesteric-liquid crystal (PFLC) system sandwiched between two flexible substrates for making a robust composite film with both bistable optical performance and high mechanical strength. The effects of the size of the polymer microspheres (PMs) and the pitch of the cholesteric liquid cryst...
Blue phases in self-assembled 3D periodic nanostructures endowed with sensitive photoresponsive capability were prepared by doping bent-core molecules with photochromic azobenzene moiety. The molecular configurations are found to be critical...
A novel light diffuser based on a thermally cured polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film was facilely fabricated by the thermal curing of epoxy monomers with thiols and polyamine (PA) in a composite solution of monomers and liquid crystals (LCs) sandwiched by two clean polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. Varied amounts of LCs, diluen...
In this work, a bistable polymer framework liquid crystal (PFLC) thin film by thermal curing of epoxy monomers with two different thiols, a traditional flexible-structure thiol and a novel original rigid-structure thiol has been successfully fabricated, combining a novel mixed morphology of polymer matrix and cholesteric liquid crystals with negati...
Transferring self‐assembly liquid‐crystalline blue phase structure to polymers is emerging as a promising bottom‐up strategy in the nanofabrication of 3D photonic materials and devices. Here a polymer scaffold in blue phase I structure is fabricated with cubic symmetry and its potential application is demonstrated as an electrically tunable mirrorl...
We experimentally investigate the second-harmonic generation of a high-order Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) mode under the quasi-phase-matching (QPM) configuration. First, we introduce a simple method to observe the azimuthal ( l ) and radial ( p ) indices of the high-order LG modes. Based on the astigmatic transformation technique, l and p are revealed in...
We demonstrate the morphology conversion of surface microstructures on silicon induced by femtosecond vector vortex beams. By tuning the topological charge of the vortex phase carried by the vector beam, we achieve the transition of ablation crater between subwavelength ripples and hole, and the switching of ripple orientation. It is shown that the...
Quantum protocols require access to large-scale entangled quantum states, due to the requirement of channel capacity. As a promising candidate, the high-dimensional orbital angular momentum (OAM) entangled states have been implemented, but only one of four OAM Bell states in each individual subspace can be distinguished. Here we demonstrate the fir...
Morphologies of polymer networks are playing a key role in affecting the electro-optical (E-O) properties of a polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) material. In this paper, the relationships between the polymer morphologies and the E-O properties of PDLCs are investigated in an unexplored thermally curing system based on epoxy/low-molar-mass-m...
A series of sticky super-hydrophobicity surfaces with high water contact angle and high water adhesive force, is facilely prepared by all solution processed method based on polymerization induced phase separation between liquid crystals (LCs) and epoxy resin, which produces layers of epoxy micro-spheres (EMSs) with nano-folds on the surface of a su...
Citations
... In summary, we report the generation of ST acoustic vortices with arbitrarily oriented OAM. We first extend ST acoustic vortices from 2D to 3D space, constructing work provides a platform for studying 3D acoustic wave fields with novel space-time structures, which will aid in the discovery and study of more exotic acoustic wave physics [53][54][55][56][57] . ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/700334909448194-1543984262834_Q64/Wei-Chen-37.jpg)
... Most recently, the isotropic topological differentiations were proposed [13,14], and it has been demonstrated that the transfer functions corresponding to multiple-order topological differentiations were characterized by the amplitude and helical phase modulations with multiple-order topological charges [12]. Nanomaterials involving metasurfaces, photonic crystals, chips, and liquid crystals can offer a compact and miniaturized platform for differentiator applications [15][16][17][18][19]. In nanophotonic differentiators, common transfer functions with no topological charges were flexibly designed to control the transmission and reflection spectra [16,17,20]. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/11431281164291006-1685688291700_Q64/Quanming-Chen.jpg)
... [16] The structural color switches as the periodic structure alters in response to external stimuli, revealing a directly visualizing approach. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Inspired by chameleons, the development of PI-skins, which utilizes the synergy of ordered photonic arrays and responsive ionic conductors, provides a versatile and low-energy platform for designing and constructing biomimetic skins with optical-electrical dual outputs. [23][24][25][26][27][28] Therefore, it is highly desired for the development of advanced PI-skins to satisfy the growing demands for interactive sensing in flexible iononics. ...
... Up to now, several SPEs synthesized by insitu polymerization methods have been widely reported. These include poly(vinylidene carbonate) (PVC) [14][15][16], poly(trimethylpropane triacrylate) (ETPTA) [17][18][19][20], poly (ethylene glycol diacrylate) (PEGDA) [21][22][23], poly(vinyl ethylene carbonate) (PVEC) [24,25], poly(tetrahydrofuran) (PTHF) [26,27] and poly(1,3-dioxolane) (PDOL) [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. ...
... Despite their popularity, the production of stimuli-responsive liquid crystal films is a complex process that requires the use of additional conductive layers that allow for control of the display panels. Chen et al. in their study [60] present a technique for fabricating these materials that eliminates the necessity for extra layers. They manufactured LCERs within a thin film via photopolymerization, placing them directly between two electrodes. ...
... In our previous work, the configuration was significantly simplified by introducing a rear mirror to a single twisted LC. Due to its perfect mirror symmetry, PB devices with ultrabroadband high efficiency and excellent polarization independency have been presented [16]. If this design was introduced to image processing, optical edge detectors with robustness to both the wavelength and polarization of light can be expected. ...
... The structures of BPLCs (BPLCs) exhibit crystal periodicity in the range of several hundred nanometers, allowing them to reflect light within the visible spectrum [58][59][60][61][62] . The unique soft matter properties of BPLCs make them naturally responsive to various external stimuli, such as temperature 63 , electricity [64][65][66] , and humidity [67][68][69][70][71] . BPLCs have a narrower photonic bandgap (PBGs) and chiral environment, which may be beneficial for improving g lum value in the consequent CPL system. ...
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... [41,87] Incorporating LC layers enables real-time adjustments via electric fields, and multi-layer structures provide nuanced tuning possibilities. [88][89][90] The control of polarization can influence focused light direction and focal lengths, and active feedback systems monitor and adapt MLs in real-time. Moreover, hybrid systems combining MLs with traditional optics offer even more control options. ...
... Polymer-based composites are lightweight and have high design flexibility. However, the materials in question possess relatively low melting points, rendering them ill-suited for high-temperature applications [20,21]. In addition, there are carbon-related materials such as carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, and graphene that exhibit the characteristics of reduced weight, lower density, enhanced electrical conductivity, and superior mechanical properties [14][15][16][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/1060162823532544-1629773922193_Q64/Yaping-Cao.jpg)
... Scalable metasurfaces with individually programmable elements, simultaneous amplitude and phase control, and gigahertzspeed reconfiguration are required to fulfill the full promise of reconfigurable features and enable sophisticated electromagnetic transformations. Reconfigurability in active terahertz metasurfaces has been demonstrated with liquid crystal [20][21][22] , phase-change materials [23][24][25] , mechanical systems 26,27 , and two-dimensional materials 28,29 . These approaches, however, usually have a poor response time, are not scalable, and require substantial external stimuli. ...
