Wei-Fan Lai's research while affiliated with Chang Gung University and other places
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Publications (10)
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by cognitive inflexibility and social deficits. Probiotics have been demonstrated to play a promising role in managing the severity of ASD. However, there are no effective probiotics for clinical use. Identifying new probiotic strains for ameliorating ASD is therefore essential. Using the maternal imm...
Metabolic surgery is a promising treatment for obese individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the mechanism is not completely understood. Current understanding of the underlying ameliorative mechanisms relies on alterations in parameters related to the gastrointestinal hormones, biochemistry, energy absorption, the relative composition...
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been extensively used to ameliorate diseases in Asia for over thousands of years. However, owing to a lack of formal scientific validation, the absence of information regarding the mechanisms underlying TCMs restricts their application. After oral administration, TCM herbal ingredients frequently are not direc...
Gut microbiome maintains local gut integrity and systemic host homeostasis, where optimal control of intestinal lipopolysaccharides (LPS) activity may play an important role. LPS mainly produced from gut microbiota are a group of lipid-polysaccharide chemical complexes existing in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Traditionally, LPS mos...
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is closely related to occurrence of many important chronic inflammations-related diseases. So far the traditionally prescribed prebiotics and probiotics do not show significant impact on amelioration of these diseases in general. Thus the development of next generation prebiotics and probiotics designed to target specifi...
The roles of newly identified, non-conventional, native gut microbiota bacteria for promotion of health and even therapeutic purposes have rapidly attracted much more attention in contrast to the traditional probiotics. Detailed physiological and molecular evidences on isolation, identification and functional characterization of these various bacte...
Studies on the role of gut commensal bacteria in health development have rapidly attracted much more attention beyond the classical pathogens over the last decade. Many important reports have highlighted the changes in the gut microbiota (dysbiosis) are closely related to development of intra- and extra-intestinal, chronic inflammation related dise...
The gut microbiota plays a critical role in various immunological and physiological functions in humans and animals. The intestinal bacterium Bacteroides fragilis has long been recognized as an opportunistic pathogen, especially for the formation of abdominal abscess. However, recent studies indicate that this bacterium may also help to maintain in...
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are lipid-polysaccharide complexes found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. They are well known for inducing a strong immune response and may lead to septic shock in animals and humans. The structure and chemical properties of LPS vary among Gram-negative bacteria and some LPS molecules actually inhibit the a...
Citations
... C. Arthromitus was enriched in ASD mice and significantly decreased after FMT treatment (52). P. goldsteinii has been reported to be beneficial to ASD-like behaviors in MIA offspring (53), though it was more abundant in our study in the BTBR+Saline group ( Fig. 2c and d). The exact roles of these species in ASD require further investigation. ...
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... As such, interpreting these results ought to be cautiously undertaken, and SR23 concluded after an MA of 75 studies in BMS that surgery was associated with a significant decrease in leptin, ghrelin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity-CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-1 β, as well as an increase in adiponectin, GLP-1, and PYY levels. [15] ...
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... Research has demonstrated that when herbal extracts are ingested, they are usually absorbed directly into human circulation through the intestinal tract, where they are transformed by the intestinal microbiota and exert their effects-either beneficial or detrimental-through the gut-liver axis [46]. Various herbal medicine extracts have exhibited anti-inflammatory ability and an anti-NASH effect by altering the composition of the intestinal microbiota [47][48][49]. ...
... Some strains of Clostridium butyricum (a Gram-positive, strictly anaerobic, and endospore-forming bacterium) are recognized as probiotics. Clostridium acetobutylicum, Clostridium cellulolyticum, Clostridium thermocellum, and Clostridium beijerinckii are some of the potential NGP species (Lin et al., 2019). Nevertheless, some pathogenic strains of Clostridium species are involved in infectious diseases caused by potent toxins that may lead to life-threatening infections (e.g., http://botulism in infants and http://necrotizingenterocolitis in preterm neonates) (Stevens et al., 2012). ...
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... While there is quite a low biomass of microbiota in human milk 15 , the largest contribution of LPS seen in the infant GI tract is not from human milk but from other sources feeding and seeding the GI tract. Interestingly, not all LPS is inflammatory 16 , and a group of LPS molecules produced by certain Bacteroidetes are known for their anti-inflammatory properties (A-LPS). Thereby, the effects of HM boosting LPS activity could be also antiinflammatory in the event that LPS activity boosted by HM is actually anti-inflammatory in nature. ...
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... P. copri was reported to improve both glucose tolerance and liver glycogen levels [64]. It has been recognized as a potential target for metabolic disorders such as type-II diabetes and obesity [65]. ...
... Whether Prevotella is or is not beneficial to health depends on many factors [48], so it cannot be used unambiguously as a predictive factor of gut dysbiosis in autism [49]. A lower abundance of the families Monoglobaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae in the gut microbiome has been associated with maternal prenatal stress or anxiety symptoms [50,51]. ...
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... Nesse contexto, os simbióticos (probióticos e prebióticos) possivelmente apresentam potencial para uso na terapêutica do diabetes, relacionado com desequilíbrio da microbiota intestinal e resposta imune ao desencadear a inflamação (Ostadrahimi et al., 2015;Tsai et al., 2019;Magro et al., 2023). ...
... 58 Proinflammatory LPS are known to cause or contribute to inflammation-related diseases. 59 Both Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, two of the identified 21 bacteria predominant in CDI+ harbor the pathways associated with LPS. In addition, pathways involved in the heme biosynthesis and the electron transfer cofactors are significantly increased in CDI+ cases (see Figure S6), which paints the picture of a molecular ecosystem showing signs of inflammation and oxidative stress. ...
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... However, when lipopolysaccharides were removed from HMO substrate, HMOs were found to have no effect on dendritic cell differentiation and maturation in vitro [118]. Lipopolysaccharides expressed by microbes play a central role in the induction and regulation of immune responses and are increasingly implicated in linking and balancing adaptive and innate immune responses [119][120][121]. Multiple Bacteroides species, including B. fragilis and B. thetaiotamicron, express polysaccharides that induce regulatory T cells (T reg ) [119,121]. ...
