Verena I. Leussink's research while affiliated with University of Münster and other places

... The selected studies were conducted in Germany [17], [19], [21], [22], [24], Italy [18], [25]- [27], Switzerland (k = 4) [13], [15], [23], [30], Austria [14], Poland [20], Spain [29], Sweden [28], USA [13], International Registry [16]. ...

... Because MS is generally thought to be caused by an autoimmune process [10], the main treatment approach is concentrated on suppressing this pathological immune reaction [11]. Accurate and personalised therapy is essential to alleviate the symptoms and to reduce the risk of rapid disability development, as well as avoid the potentially dangerous side effects of treatment [12]. ...

... Despite the growing body of evidence in favor of early initiation of HETs, widespread use of high-efficacy DMTs as the first-line treatment in newly-diagnosed MS patients has not yet been established as the standard treatment paradigm. Moreover, most treatment guidelines recommend initiating moderate-efficacy DMTs in patients with mild-to-moderate disease activity, while HETs are often reserved for later use in the disease course or for highly active patients with a rapidly evolving aggressive disease [43][44][45][46] . ...

... In addition to fingolimod, dimethyl fumarate (DMF), and teriflunomide, the three oral drugs approved for RRMS treatment at the study start, ozanimod, ponesimod, and cladribine have been approved as further oral treatment options in the meantime. 4,11 Moreover, altered diagnostic criteria and growing experience with available DMTs have altered the treatment decision-making process. ...

... Als Reaktion auf die Leitlinien kritisieren die Neurologen der Multiple Sklerose Therapie Konsensus Gruppe (MSTKG) aber, dass die hochwirksamen Therapien erst nach einer Beobachtungsdauer von mehr als 2 Jahren eingesetzt werden sollen bzw. wenn Patienten bereits eine Behinderung entwickelt haben [12]. Dies steht im Gegensatz zur Verhinderung der Behinderungsakkumulation und neurodegenerativer Veränderungen als wesentliches Ziel der modernen MS-Therapie. ...

... In demyelinated axons, potassium leaking from demyelinated axons is the root cause of conduction block;Fig. 2bindicates prolonged-release of 4-AP inhibits voltage-gated potassium channels, it has the potential to decrease the amount of potassium release and to increase conduction along injured axons[62]. ...

... In den drei Folgemonaten kam es zu einem progredienten Verlauf der Erkrankung bis hin zum vollständigen Verlust der Körperbehaarung [7]. Im Jahr 2019 erschien ein weiterer Fallbericht einer 29-jährigen Patientin, die ebenfalls sechs Monate nach dem ersten Zyklus mit Alemtuzumab eine Alopecia universalis entwickelte [8]. Zwei aktuelle Studien von 2019 präsentieren zudem drei weitere Patienten mit erstmals aufgetretener Alopecia areata nach dem zweiten Zyklus mit Alemtuzumab [9,10]. ...

... Graf et al. explored infectious risk stratification among patients with MS; they found that latent TB infection was frequent (>1%), suggesting that screening should be performed before the initiation of immunomodulatory therapies to reduce the risk of reactivation during treatment. 8 Associations between MS/neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and TB have been suggested by the authors of multiple case reports and case series; the most likely mechanism is regarded as immunemediated inflammatory demyelination of the central nervous system triggered by TB infection. [9][10][11] In this case, OBs were detected in CSF 16 months after initial symptom onset, and MRI revealed the presence of new lesions in the brain. ...

... For dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and monomethyl fumarate (MMF), flushing and gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, nausea and abdominal pain, are common. DMF treatment may also significantly decrease lymphocyte counts [37]; associated immunosuppression may rarely be associated with opportunistic infections [38]. ...

... These symptoms form a complex of symptoms called 'Chinese Restaurant Syndrome'. It is so called because the symptoms have been observed after eating food from these restaurants that use glutamate in abundance to enhance the flavour of the food [7]. ...