Vahid Karpisheh's research while affiliated with Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and other places

... Since galectin-9 is highly overexpressed in GBM tumor microenvironment. The anti-galectin-9 siRNA knockdown the galectin-9 receptor overexpressed on the GBM cells in C57BL/6 mice and activates the immune response within the tumor microenvironment that helps to reduce tumor progression [200]. ...

... Due to the significance of these factors in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation, it is suggested that the blockade of these molecules can be considered a potent anti-cancer therapeutic approach in breast cancer. The substantial enhancement of cancer cell proliferation by increased CDK activity suggests that CDK inhibitors could be a unique and viable therapeutic method for treating cancer (Izadi et al., 2023). The primary activators of the cell cycle are CDKs (cyclin-dependent kinases), which phosphorylate essential substrates to accelerate DNA synthesis and mitosis. ...

... 34 Targeted silencing of NRF2 by rituximab-conjugated nanoparticles increases the sensitivity of chronic lymphoblastic leukemia cells to cyclophosphamide. 35 The results of the WikiPath analysis suggested that SFN may inhibit cell growth by suppressing the activity of the NRF2 pathway, which was consistent with the above studies. In the BioCarta pathway database analysis, the downregulated DEPs caused by SFN treatment were mainly enriched in the role of Ran in mitotic spindle regulation and regulation of cell cycle progression by PIk3, which was consistent with the results of flow cytometry analysis and immunoblotting. ...

... Although siR-NAs can inhibit gene expression, they are poorly unstable due to degradation by phosphatases and RNases [21]. To efficiently transfect cells with siRNA and increase the stability of siRNAs, we used our recently developed nanoparticles (NPs) [22]. NPs increment the solvency of medications and diminish the necessary successful dose [23,24]. ...

... Moreover, this treatment decreased the development of metastases, owing to reduced cell motility, suggesting its possible use for treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) coated with polymeric trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and functionalized with folic acid (FA) were used for co-delivery of siRNAs against EZH2 and CD73 in order to treat the 4T1 cancer model [59]. TMC was exploited because it favors the binding of oligonucleotides and FA because its receptor was highly expressed by the tumor cells and thus it increased the uptake by the tumor. ...

... Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (ATF4atf), PERK's downstream signal protein, promotes cell adaptation and cancer growth. NRF2-Kelch-like ECHassociated protein 1 (Keap1) and NRF2 antioxidant response element (ARE), can counteract the harmful effects of ROS on tumour cells and restore the redox balance of the tumour microenvironment, promoting cancer survival at adverse agents such as chemotherapy [31,40]. ATF6p50, ATF4 and XBP1s act synergistically to stimulate CHOP and induce apoptosis. ...

... 109 Notch 1 mutation has been reported in more than 50% of T-ALL patients but its prognosis remains unknown and appears to be associated with additional genetic lesions. 110,111 In hematological neoplasia, Notch 3-induced JAG1 as a paracrine stimulator facilitated leukemic cell survival, proliferative, and invasive ability and participated in the pathogenesis of T-ALL. 112,113 In T-cell progenitors, the Notch pathway induced LSC activity. ...

... LAG3-positive TILs have been detected in breast cancer patient samples correlating with the HER2-overexpressing subtype [68]. Combination of LAG3 ICB with antiPD-1 therapy has shown synergistic effects, reducing tumor growth and increasing survival in breast cancer-bearing mice also treated with a dendritic cell vaccine [69]. A LAG3 fusion protein in combination with paclitaxel was tested for metastatic breast cancer and showed high response rates [70]. ...

... Briefly, Th1 cells can activate macrophages through IFN-γ production [20], Th2 cells have an excellent performance for orchestrating immune responses against extracellular parasites and are involved in the induction of asthma and other allergic diseases by producing IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 [15]. Th17 cells, capable of producing IL-17, IL-21 and IL-22, mediate immune responses to extracellular bacteria and fungi and are also responsible for different forms of autoimmunity [21,22]. However, there is a lack of consensus on the role of Th17 cells in cancer progression, due to the plasticity of this subtype, enabling Th17 cell transdifferentiate into other types including Th1, Th2, Treg and Tfh cells in distinct microenvironment [23]. ...

... For example, the co-delivery of IL-15 and anti-β-catenin siRNAs with NPs can significantly improve anti-tumor immunity to inhibit tumor growth. This treatment can also prime the effect of the dendric cell vaccine for cancer therapy [199]. ...