Tran Thi Thu Tam's research while affiliated with Oslo University Hospital and other places

... The absorption peaks are slightly shifted compared to folate monomers, with the peak at 283 nm red-shifted to 286 nm and the peak at 332 nm red-shifted to 339 nm. The redshift indicates the formation of complexes, a change that may be related to the amide bonding resulting from the amidation reaction between FA and APTES in FA/CNC/CUR (Juzeniene et al. 2013). In addition, the introduction of a conjugated system results in a red shift in the absorption band, whereas the two hydroxyl groups at the ends of the curcumin molecule undergo a conjugation effect in which the electron cloud deviates under basic conditions. ...

... Previous reports have proven that Photolon has a better therapeutic outcome with increased wavelength to match its absorption peak because of its deeper penetration ability [54], [83] and proven that Photolon® prefers the following intracellular localization order such as: nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, and Golgi apparatus [32], [70]. A study by Ali-Seyed et al. [32] demonstrated that Photolon-PDT specifically induced apoptosis in CT-26 cells, this apoptotic cell death implies physiological correlates with minimal drug toxicity [84], [85]. ...

... UV radiation, especially UVB, is used to treat psoriatic plaques, although in some cases exposure to low light UVA may trigger photosensitivity of the skin and cause inflammation by enabling the local infiltration of neutrophiles and lymphocytes [54]. The above therapeutic mechanism of the UVB radiation is highlighted via the elevated serum levels of 25(OH) Vitamin D (the serum marker of vitamin D) in PsO patients undergoing UVB phototherapy [55]; Vitamin D binds to the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) exhibiting an immunomodulatory activity by decreasing IL-17 and IFNγ levels on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) [56], while Vitamin D deficiency displays a perturbated differentiation and increased proliferation of KCs [57]. Epigenetic modifications related to the Vitamin D show an anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative profile [58], further strengthening the role of Vitamin D as an anti-inflammatory mediator. ...

... UVB (ultraviolet B, 280-315 nm) radiation degrades the major bioform of folate found in blood, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), but does not penetrate the dermis, whereas ultraviolet A (UVA; 315-400 nm) radiation penetrates the dermis but does not degrade 5-MTHF 35 . UVA may indirectly degrade blood 5-MTHF through the production of reactive oxygen species (especially singlet oxygen) by photosensitizers 36 . In addition, the increased need for skin folate supplementation due to intense UV radiation may be another pathway leading to circulating folate depletion, as blood folate is needed to replenish lost folate in the skin 37 . ...

... It was particularly interesting that the putative photosensitizer, riboflavin, did not sensitize erythrocyte folate to UVR degradation, and actually afforded protection. It had previously been thought that UVR folate loss could potentially arise due to oxidation of folates by radical species generated by UVR reacting with endogenous photosensitizers, particularly riboflavin (vitamin B 2 ) (Steindal et al., 2008). However, riboflavin actually protects native reduced folate stores from UVR loss, possibly via independent antioxidant action, or through its role within the glutathione redox cycle (Ashoori & Saedisomeolia, 2014). ...