Thomas Willis's research while affiliated with University of Leeds and other places

... Despite these challenges, recent advancements offer good potential for WS to be taken forward. While there is still room for technological development, observations of climate, hydrology, carbon, nutrient and energy fluxes, land use/cover, water quality, and socioeconomic metrics, are often systematically collected, interrogated and disseminated, with ever increasing amounts of open data and associated analysis tools (Bierkens, 2015;He & James, 2021;Richardson et al., 2021). Examples of watershed-based management are available globally, and while the structure and authority of river basin governance varies a lot, there are increasing numbers of platforms for participatory decision making among stakeholders that allow for shared future foresight and adaptive management. ...

... In addition, due to data availability, we were not able to analyze individual-level characteristics, such as sociodemographic or economic factors. Furthermore, seasonal factors should be taken into account when discussing MCH service utilization [30][31][32][33][34][35]. ...

... Nature-based solutions to mitigate flooding are being sought across Europe and UK by researchers and policy makers Use of off-line water storage, river restoration, leaky debris dams and land use management are examples of NFM approaches which are gaining increasing interest as effective methods of NFM (Monger et al., 2022a). Soil and land use management can include different measures such as conservation tillage, reduced/sensitive vehicle trafficking, early sowing of crops, addition of organic amendments, altered stocking density in grasslands, planting of hedge rows and buffer strips, the use of cover crops in crop rotations etc. (e.g., Bond et al., 2022, Monger et al., 2022a. These approaches may be able to reduce peak flows by slowing and storing overland flow and enhancing infiltration into the soil. ...

... Typically, the mosquito's aquatic habitats are not solely based on rainfall. Local-scale hydrological conditions like soil and vegetation properties, infiltration, exfiltration, surface runoff, and evaporation, in turn, can all affect how much water is available on the land surface (Gianotti et al., 2009;Smith et al., 2013Smith et al., , 2020Tompkins & Ermert, 2013). Each of these factors, independently and in combination, influences the amount and duration of surface water availability (Desconnets et al., 1996;Youssefi et al., 2022). ...