Shuisheng Jian's research while affiliated with Beijing Jiaotong University and other places
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Publications (538)
A plasmonic in-plane zone-plate (IPZP) is analytically proposed and numerically analyzed. The proposed scheme consists of several discretely metallic nano-slits, which couple incident vortices into SPP and form focal spots. Wave front information of incident beam is reflected in the field distribution along "focal plane" of IPZP, and therefore, the...
A fiber sensor is proposed and demonstrated for strain and temperature discrimination by inserting two sections of a commercialized panda-type polarization maintaining fiber in a Sagnac loop. The proposed sensor employs only one type of commercialized high birefringent fiber and includes no complicated fabrication process. It tends to be a simple a...
We report on a compact strain-insensitive fiber temperature sensor based on a few-mode dual-concentric-core fiber (FM-DCCF). The proposed sensor simply involves a section of FM-DCCF spliced to lead-in and lead-out single-mode fibers (SMFs). The FM-DCCF with unique refractive index distribution supports a few number of guided modes. The high-order m...
We propose polarization-maintaining few-mode elliptical hollow-core optical fibers with simple triple-layer structure toward space-division-multiplexing based high-capacity optical communication systems. The proposed fibers include a central elliptical air hole, a concentric elliptical ring core and a circular cladding. The structure-dependent pola...
A novel wavelength-spacing tunable dual-wavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The dual-wavelength lasing is achieved by combining the erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) and the first-order Brillouin laser using a 4 m high nonlinear fiber (HNLF) as Brillouin gain medium. The evolutionary power spectrum of...
In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a dual-parameter sensor based on no-core fiber (NCF) cascaded with elliptical-core spun fiber (ECSF) in a Sagnac loop. Both NCF and ECSF are sealed in a capillary with the magnetic fluid to detect the magnetic field and temperature simultaneously. By introducing a section of NCF inside an ell...
A cost-efficient multimode interference-based sensor with corroded polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for the measurement of liquid refractive index (RI) and temperature. The sensor consists of a segment of corroded PMF and two segments of multimode fiber (MMF). Two segments of MMF, which are used as be...
A periodic tungsten-covered dielectric ridge on substrate assembly is proposed in this article to investigate the perfect absorption in the near-infrared regime. The localized dipolar resonance and the propagating surface plasmon mode significantly restrict the reflectance thus forming two discrete absorption peaks. In the process of discovering pe...
Plasmonically-induced-transparency (PIT) in hexagon boron nitride (h-BN)-graphene-silica grating based structure is proposed and demonstrated. By tuning the chemical potential of graphene and changing the geometry parameters of the proposed structure, PIT can be realized both within the upper reststrahlen (RS) band and outside the RS band. The grou...
Vectorial vortex beams have attracted much attention due to the exotic polarization and phase characteristics. Miniaturized optical elements for vectorial vortices generation and detection are highly desired. In this paper, a vectorial vortex beam detection scheme based on plasmonic interferences on a structured gold film is proposed. The well desi...
A nanoscale Fano resonator composed of a hybrid graphene disk-gold ring combination is reported in this letter. The inner narrow dipolar resonance of a discrete state induced by graphene interferes with the outside broad dipolar resonance of a continuum state induced by gold, thus forming an asymmetric Fano transparency within the absorption window...
A novel D-shaped fiber structure combined with a fiber Bragg grating for refractive index (RI) and temperature sensing is proposed and experimentally investigated. Thanks to the etched cladding of D-shaped fiber, the resulting interference is strongly influenced by the surrounding refractive index. By monitoring the dip wavelength of D-shaped fiber...
A single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) fiber ring laser with cylindrical vector beam (CVB) output is experimentally demonstrated. Mode selection and spectrum filtering are achieved by introducing a two-mode fiber Bragg grating (TM-FBG) as an output mirror simultaneously. The SLM operation is obtained by using a compound ring cavity laser structure togeth...
We propose a novel polarization-maintaining few-mode fiber by introducing four identical circular side-holes surrounding an elliptical ring core. In addition to the parameters of ring core, this kind of fiber endows new degrees of freedom to adjust the modal birefringence of guided modes. Numerical simulations indicate that such fiber could support...
A novel optical fiber magnetic field sensor based on D-shaped fiber modal interferometer and magnetic fluid is proposed and experimentally investigated. Thanks to the etched cladding of D-shaped fiber, the resulting interference is strongly influenced by the surrounding magnetic fluid, which leads to a high magnetic field sensitivity. Simultaneous...
A kind of stable, switchable and tunable erbium-doped fiber ring laser based on a Sagnac interferometer (SI) is presented and experimentally demonstrated. The SI is composed of a section of an elliptical-core spun fiber sandwiched between two polarization controllers (PCs) in a Sagnac loop. The proposed compound comb filter, which consists of an SI...
We experimentally demonstrate a multiwavelength fiber ring laser with tunable orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam output. The laser is embedded with a few-mode fiber Bragg grating and a mode selective coupler (MSC). The mode conversion from LP01 mode to LP11 mode is realized by using the MSC as a mode converter. By rotating a polarizer set at the o...
We present a polarization-maintaining photonic bandgap fiber (PBGF) in terahertz (THz) regime, consisting of a quasi-elliptical hollow-core (QEHC) and triangularly arranged hexagonal holes in cladding. Thanks to the specially designed core shape, the QEHC-PBGF can support two stable polarization-maintaining fundamental modes. From numerical simulat...
Both plasmon-phonon-polariton (SPP-PHP) modes and phonon-polariton (PHP) modes supported in graphene-coated hexagon boron nitride (h-BN) single nanowire are presented. The field distributions of the lowest 5 order modes of SPP-PHP modes supported in graphene-coated hexagon boron nitride nanowire pairs (SPP-PHP-GHNP) and the lowest 5 order modes of...
An all-fiber highly sensitive force sensor based on modal interferometer has been presented and demonstrated. The single-mode fiber (SMF) with coating stripped is designed into a balloon-like shape to form a modal interferometer. Due to the bent SMF, the interference occurs between the core mode and cladding modes. With variation of the force appli...
A compact graphene strip-ring hybrid resonator working in the mid-infrared regime is proposed as an analogue of Fano resonator or electromagnetically induced transparency. The dipolar surface plasmon resonance induced by the ring interferes with the x-polarized strip resonance forming a symmetric or asymmetric transparency window within the absorpt...
A cost-efficient fiber-optic strain and temperature sensor has been proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The sensor consists of a segment of polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) and two segments of multimode fiber (MMF). Two segments of MMF, which are used as beam splitter and combiner, are embedded on both ends of the PMF. The all-fiber senso...
A novel scheme for angular velocity measurement is proposed and demonstrated by using an optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) incorporating a Sagnac interferometer. In the OEO resonant cavity, the optical carrier (OC) and the first-order sidebands propagate in opposite directions in the Sagnac loop. Thus, the rotation-induced Sagnac phase difference bet...
A novel, simultaneous strain and temperature sensor utilizing polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) and multimode fiber (MMF) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in this paper. The sensing head of this sensor can be obtained by splicing PMF and MMF in the structure of PMF-MMF-PMF. The extinction ratio of the transmission spectrum can be over...
In this paper, we propose a method to tailor the nanofocusing of plasmons on graphene plasmonic lens, which is composed of graphene and circular dielectric gratings of magneto-optical material beneath it. With an external magnetic field parallel to graphene surface, the magneto-optical effect of substrate leads to the difference in modal indices of...
In this paper, a cut wire (CW)-coupled, orthogonally distributed graphene split ring (GSR) resonator is proposed to realize the optical analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the mid-infrared regime. The dipolar surface-induced bright mode resonance of the GSR interferes constructively or destructively with the dark modes, whi...
A numerical analysis of a GeO2-doped single-mode optical fiber with a multi-step index core toward stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) based dual-parameter sensing applications is proposed. Adjusting the parameters in the fiber design, higher-order acoustic modes are sufficiently enhanced, making the fiber feasible for discriminative measurements...
A novel scheme for the generation of FCC-compliant UWB pulse is proposed based on modified Gaussian quadruplet and incoherent wavelength-to-time conversion. The modified Gaussian quadruplet is synthesized based on linear sum of a broad Gaussian pulse and two narrow Gaussian pulses with the same pulse-width and amplitude peak. Within specific parame...
A dual-band graphene absorber is proposed and investigated in this paper. The absorber consists of the gold substrate, the graphene sheet sandwiched by dielectric layers and the array of graphene ribbon placed on the top. The two absorption peaks of the dual-band are 99.8% at 4.95 THz and 99.6% at 9.2 THz, respectively. Due to the characteristic of...
The detection of liquid level and temperature based on a fiber ring cavity laser sensing configuration is presented and demonstrated experimentally. The sensing head contains a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and a single-mode–cladding-less–single-mode multimode interferometer, which also functions as wavelength-selective components of the fiber laser. W...
We propose and demonstrate a ring fiber laser based on a few-mode fiber Bragg grating for strain and temperature sensing using only the LP11 mode. The core-offset splicing method is used to ensure effective coupling from the fundamental mode to the LP11 mode. A stable erbium-doped fiber laser operating as a single LP11 mode with a 3 dB linewidth of...
We experimentally demonstrate a switchable narrow linewidth single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) erbium-doped fiber (EDF) ring laser with transverse mode output. The laser is based on a mode selective all-fiber fused coupler which is composed of a single-mode fiber (SMF) and a two-mode fiber (TMF). By controlling the polarization state of the output ligh...
Three-layered single mode fibers with a GeO2 and F co-doped inner core are proposed. Stimulated Brillouin scattering properties in the fibers are investigated for discriminative sensing of strain and temperature. The optical properties of the proposed fibers are designed to be well compatible with those of the widely-used standard single mode fiber...
We propose a terahertz (THz) hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber (HC-PBGF) supporting few-mode operation with large birefringence. The periodic arrangement of square lattice with round corners in fiber cladding offers bandgap guidance. Numerical simulation indicates that a 21-cell HC-PBGF could support six vector modes in the bandgap. Characteristic...
We study the light propagating in a dual mode optical fiber with torsional mechanical stress. By twisting the fiber and distinguishing the LP01 and LP11 modes using wavelength-scanning spatially and spectrally resolved imaging technique (S2 Imaging), we show the twist induced mode variation of the intensity distribution and phase pattern of the fib...
As a type of nonlinear system with complexity, mode-locked fiber lasers are known for their complex behaviour. It is a challenging task to understand the fundamental physics behind such complex behaviour, and a unified description for the nonlinear behaviour and the systematic and quantitative analysis of the underlying mechanisms of these lasers h...
We demonstrate the two-dimensional tunable orbital angular momentum (OAM) generation in a ring-core (vortex) fiber. The LP 11 mode generated by an all fiber fused coupler is coupled into a vortex fiber. Because the vector modes of the LP 11 mode group in the vortex fiber are no longer degenerate, the mode status will change between linearly polariz...
A novel high-speed and high-sensitivity refractive index (RI) and temperature sensing based on an optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) is proposed and demonstrated. A novel Fabry-Perot fiber Bragg grating (FP-FBG), incorporated in the OEO to implement a microwave photonic filter, has a narrow notch in the reflection spectrum and combines a gap with two...
A compact graphene monolayer on substrate nano-structure to realize nanofocusing and slow light effect is analytically and numerically investigated in this letter. By creating a chemical potential well in the desired positions via chemical doping or external gating, the normalized electric field enhancement factor here reaches over 300 where the mi...
Multiple plasmon-modes-induced-transparency mimicking the optical quantum interference between the pathways in a three state atom system is successfully observed in our graphene-based waveguide system. By introducing two graphene coated nanowires with different Fermi energy levels to either side of a bus graphene waveguide, several transmission pea...
By incorporating a phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (PS-FBG) inscribed in few-mode fiber (FMF) named FM-PS-FBG for the first time, a novel frequency-switchable optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) to perform simultaneous strain and temperature measurement is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the OEO loop, two switchable oscillation frequenci...
We propose an all-fiber-optic sensor for simultaneous rotation and displacement measurement based on elastic-optic effect in a dual mode fiber. LP01 and LP11 modes are both excited in the fiber and are distinguished using wavelength-scanning Spatially and Spectrally resolved imaging technique (S2 Imaging) to accomplish rotation and displacement det...
We propose a novel M-shaped single mode fiber (M-SMF) sensor based on stimulated Brillouin scattering of higher-order acoustic modes for simultaneous temperature and strain measurement. Numerical investigation of longitudinal acoustic modes in the M-SMF shows that multi-peak Brillouin spectrum in M-SMF is contributed by the couplings between the LP...
Due to the characteristic of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) excitation, radial polarized beams and circular polarized beams are widely used for plasmonic lens and plasmonic near field focusing. In this paper, a plasmonic lens based on in-plane total internal reflection (TIR) scheme is proposed and numerically demonstrated to achieve the simultane...
Tunable narrow-band plasmonically induced transparency (PIT) effect at mid-infrared region is realized in a graphene-spacer-grating-based (GSG-based) hybrid system. A silicon/SiO2 grating is used to compensate wave-vector mismatches between graphene surface plasmons (GSPs) and free space optical waves. The PIT effect can be quickly tuned by small c...
We present a method based on spatial and spectral (S²) imaging technique to measure the vector modal content of vortex fibers. Different vector modes can be told apart and their modal contents can be determined by implementing the S² imaging process four times with four different polarizer directions. Moreover, the orbital angular momentum modes (O...
In this paper we propose and experimentally demonstrate an optical fiber structure sensor based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer for pressure measurement. The fiber sensor is composed of a single-mode-no-core-single-mode structure, a section of capillary pure silica tube and refractive index matching fluid (RIMF). As the pressure decreases, the sea...
A mid-infrared side coupled graphene nanotube waveguide system is proposed to investigate the origin discerning from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to Autler-Townes splitting (ATS). The analytic transmission analysis seeks an evolution tendency of transmission spectrum from ATS to EIT, which is numerically verified by the simulation...
We present a strain-independent torsion and displacement fiber sensor using acoustically-induced fiber grating (AIFG) in dual-mode fiber (DMF). By tuning the radio frequency of driving signal, LP01 and LP11 modes generated by the AIFG can be exploited to measure the dynamic displacement and torsion variations, respectively. Both the twist angle and...
![The transmission spectra when d=50\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}...](publication/319341611/figure/fig2/AS:960076672167937@1605911524843/The-transmission-spectra-when-d50documentclass12ptminimal-usepackageamsmath_Q320.jpg)
The plasmonic analogy from Fano resonance to Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) in mid-infrared spectral range is observed assisted by a dual parallel graphene-coated grating structure. The analytical derivation exhibits a height-dependent resonance which is crucial for discerning Fano resonance from ATS. The mechanism of generating a transparency windo...
A graphene square waveguide with the small normalized mode area and the long propagation length is proposed and investigated in this Letter. The square waveguide consists of graphene nanoring embedded into dielectric and four graphene ribbons added on the square dielectric. Due to the coupled between the graphene nanoring and ribbons in square wave...
We propose an approach to directly measure the bending effect on individual modes in few-mode fibers using a wavelength-scanning spatially and spectrally resolved imaging technique. By collecting a fiber output beam profile with a scanning wavelength at different bending diameters and analyzing the peaks of its Fourier transformation, we have disti...
We experimentally demonstrate a narrow linewidth single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) erbium-doped fiber (EDF) ring laser with an output of tunable second-order optical vortex beams (OVB). The laser is based on a mode selective all-fiber fused coupler which is composed of a single-mode fiber (SMF) and a few-mode fiber (FMF). The fused SMF-FMF coupler ins...
In this paper, a novel quasi-fan Solc structure filter based on elliptical-core spun fiber for twist sensing has been experimentally investigated and theoretically analyzed. The discrete model of spun fiber has been built to analyze the transmission characteristics of proposed sensor. Both experimental and simulated results indicate that the extinc...
A graphene-based nanotube waveguide system is proposed and designed to realize the analogue of electromagnetically-induced-transparency. The two nanotubes act as side coupled cavity rings which can be treated as the bright and dark resonators. By mimicking the quantum nonlinear optical interference, the light at resonant frequency makes the opaque...
A novel Erbium-doped fiber ring cavity laser sensor for refractive index (RI) measurement based on a special designed few-mode-singlemode-few-mode structure is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The few-mode fiber is a home-made concentric ring core fiber (CRCF) which can only support two scalar modes. Thus a stable mode interference occurs...
A highly sensitive curvature sensor based on asymmetrical twin core fiber (TCF) and multimode fiber (MMF) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By applying the coupled-mode theory and equivalent refractive index model, we theoretically analyze the uncoupled feature of the TCF and the relationship between peak wavelength and the curvature. Tw...
We propose a novel polarization-maintaining supermode fiber containing quasi-elliptically arranged high-index cores. Numerical simulation indicates such fiber could support up to 20 distinct modes with different polarization states and spatial orientations. At 1550 nm, all the 20 modes are separated from their adjacent modes with effective refracti...
An epsilon-near-zero graphene-silica metamaterial-based structure is proposed and numerically investigated to realize super-reflection and cloaking. The advantage of this structure is that the operating bandwidth can be actively controlled by varying the chemical potential of graphene. By applying different electromagnetic boundary conditions, supe...
We propose a new approach to realize switchable mode operation in a few-mode erbium-doped fiber laser. The ring fiber laser structure is constructed with a core-offset splicing between single-mode fiber and dual-mode fiber. Stable operating on the fundamental mode laser and second-order mode laser individually or simultaneously is realized by appro...
A midinfrared band-tunable graphene-based plasmonic waveguide is analytically and
numerically investigated to realize electromagnetically induced-transparency-like transmission
and to slow rainbow trapping light. By applying different Fermi energy levels to the top and
bottom graphene nanoribbons, a dynamic control of resonant wavelengths is thus o...
We present a theoretical study on the mode coupling between core modes and cladding modes of the tilted long period fiber grating (TLPFG) in dual-mode fiber. The TLPFG can be applied as mode filters at several specific wavelengths. Using the full vector complex coupled mode theory, numerical simulation shows the maximum coupling coefficients betwee...
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a cost-effective approach to achieve optical single sideband (OSSB) modulation with tunable optical carrier-to-sideband ratio (OCSR) based on a bi-directional use of an OSSB modulator. The key concept of the proposed scheme is to use an OSSB modulator which is incorporated in a Sagnac loop where a light wav...
In this paper, we propose a method of creating plasmons vortex on graphene through cross shape nanoantennas under linearly polarized incidence. For each cross shape antenna, the linearly polarized incidence can be coupled to a near-field plasmons vortex on graphene through antenna resonances. When multiple antennas are arranged into a closed circul...
A novel tunable all-fiber birefringent filter based on elliptical-core spun fiber (ECSF) is presented. It is the first time to build a discrete model of spun fiber by using Jones matrix analysis. The transmission characteristics of proposed filter are studied and discussed in detail, while a generalized formulation to express the transmissivity of...
A novel coreless-D-shape-coreless(CDC) fiber structure for liquid level sensing is proposed and experimentally investigated. The D-shape fiber with cladding partially etched is sensitive to the ambient refractive index change, the CDC structure transmission dip wavelength shifts related to the length of D-shape fiber immersed in the liquid, so liqu...
We propose a multilayer nanoring waveguide with ultrahigh refractive indices in this Letter. The field confinement of the multilayer nanoring waveguide is stronger than the same outside radius of graphene-coated nanowire waveguide from the comparison of the normalized mode area. The influence of changing structure parameters on the properties of na...
A novel sensor is proposed and demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of refractive index (RI) and temperature by splicing a 9.5 mm claddingless fiber to a 20.3 mm polarization-maintaining fiber in a Sagnac loop. Only two extinct dips are observable from 1400 nm to 1700 nm in the transmission spectrum of the sensor. One dip induced by Sagnac int...
We propose and demonstrate a switchable multiwavelength fiber laser using erbium-doped twin-core fiber (ED-TCF) and nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR). The number switchability of lasing wavelengths being switched from 1 to 4 and wavelength location switchability could be achieved simultaneously in the proposed configuration with a wavelength sp...
We propose and demonstrate an asymmetrical Fabry-Perot interferometric (AFPI) fiber sensor for simultaneous measurement of the curvature and temperature. The AFPI fiber sensor is comprised of a low reflective fiber Bragg grating with narrow bandwidth and a no-core fiber with broadband Fresnel reflection. The extinction ratio measured in the experim...
We present a method to generate tunable orbital angular momentum (OAM) based on linearly polarized (LP) modes in optical fibers. The tunable OAM is produced by combining two even (odd) LP modes with orthogonal polarization directions. The tunability of OAM is realized by controlling the power proportion of the two LP modes through a polarizer. From...
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a compact Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI)-based no-core fiber hollow-core fiber no-core fiber (NHN) structure. Two segments of the no-core fiber embedded on two ends of the hollow-core fiber are employed as beam splitter and combiner, which realize an MZI to measure temperature and strain. With the variat...
In this paper, a novel few-mode large-mode-area fiber is proposed. This type of fiber consists of 11 conventional cores and 8 air-hole cores circularly arranged around the center core. Few-mode condition equal to strict dual-mode here is available by appropriate adjusting on corepitch, relative refractive index difference and core radius. Large eff...
We presented a simple method for measuring the mode purity of linearly polarized orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in optical fibers. The method is based on the analysis of OAM beam projections filtered by a polarizer. The amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of a data ring derived from the beam pattern are obtained by Fourier transform. Then t...
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![The a |E| and bHz\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath}...](publication/314071025/figure/fig5/AS:960076579885056@1605911502593/The-a-E-and-bHzdocumentclass12ptminimal-usepackageamsmath-usepackagewasysym_Q320.jpg)
A directional energy focusing system based on parallel-monolayer graphene sheets is proposed and is analytically and numerically investigated in this paper. By properly designing the chemical potential distributions, we obtain a \(\sim\)0.8-nm-size focusing point at desired positions with energy enhancement factor of over 2410. The flexible tunabil...
We present a study on the potential and challenges of guiding orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers (HC-PBGFs). Two 19-cell HC-PBGFs with different structural parameters are comparably investigated. The OAM mode properties in a 37-cell HC-PBGF are also discussed to explore the scalability of OAM states. Charact...
We proposed and demonstrated a novel few-mode concentric-ring core fiber (FM-CRCF) for axial micro-strain measurement with fiber ring laser based on few-mode-singlemode-few-mode fiber structure. The core area of CRCF consists of four concentric rings which refractive indices are 1.448, 1.441, 1.450, 1.441, respectively. and are two dominated propag...
A novel polarization-dependent (PD) no core-single mode-no core (NSN) fiber structure for twist and temperature sensing has been experimentally investigated. The proposed structure simply involves a section of polarization maintain fiber sandwiched into NSN fiber structure, only using the splicing method. We have analyzed and demonstrated the trans...
An ultralow bending-loss trench-assisted single-mode optical fiber is designed and fabricated in this paper. The experimental results show that the fiber can support an ultralow bending loss of 0.05 dB/turn at a sharp bend radius of 5 mm at 1550 nm. The presented work is considered to be of significance for the design and fabrication of bend insens...
We explore terahertz (THz) orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes supported in multimode Kagome hollow-core fibers. Numerical models are adopted to characterize the effective indices and confinement losses of vector modes over 0.2–0.9 THz, where two low-loss transmission windows are observed. Linearly combining the vector modes, THz OAM states can be...
Four ring-based tunable lasers are demonstrated in the heterogeneous silicon platform. Except for double-sided CRR structure, the other three show comparable narrow-linewidth (~200kHz) and output power (~10mW) across entire wide-tuning ranges (~40nm) with SMSR (>40dB).
In this paper, supermode characteristics of a dual-core fiber and a four-core fiber are analyzed by a simple couple-mode theory. The effective refractive index and corresponding relative error of each supermode are investigated in detail with different gapsize, relative refractive index and core radius using numerical method and finite element meth...
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We present a single-mode multilayer-core fiber with a large mode area (LMA) and a low bending loss in this Letter. A low equivalent core-cladding refractive index difference is achieved by exploiting the multilayer structure. The multilayer structure has a better bending performance than a traditional step-index core and this structure also contrib...
Citations
... This method can improve traditional level set algorithms to facilitate accurate detection and tracking of multiple objects in complex scenes. Vuong, Z. conducted extensive research on multi-object detection and image sequence tracking [13]. This research can explore advanced algorithms and techniques to simultaneously detect and track multiple objects in dynamic environments. ...
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... Han Xiao et al. reported a Zeonexbased design featuring four half-elliptical cladding tubes with a hollow core antiresonant terahertz fiber. This fiber exhibits an attenuation of 10 dBm −1 and a birefringence greater than 10 −4 (Xiao et al. 2019). Istihad Mahmud Ankan et al. proposed a simple HC-ARF with six circular rings as cladding tubes and Zeonex as the substrate material. ...
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... In Sagnac loop, assuming that the input light intensity of the 3dB coupler is I 0 , the output light intensity I can be expressed as [26]: ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/573919716233216-1513844531314_Q64/Shiying-Xiao.jpg)
... ps. In 2019, Ya Shen et al. of Beijing Jiao Tong University [34] made an asymmetric mode selection coupler in the 1550 nm band and built a doped annular cavity fiber laser, and obtained an LP 01 mode output with a central wavelength of 1550 nm and a mode purity of 94%. In 2019, Zhang Jiaojiao et al. of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications [35] made an asymmetric mode selection coupler to obtain an LP 11 mode output, and built a mode-locked laser to achieve an LP 11 mode output with a pulse width of 629 ps and a mode purity of 94.5%. ...
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... The free spectral range (FSR) refers to the distance between two adjacent valleys and is an essential parameter in the sensor, which can be expressed as [23]: ...
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... Multi-wavelength fiber lasers (MWFLs) play an important role in dense wavelength division multiplexing systems (DWDMs), among which multi-wavelength Brillouin random fiber lasers (MWBRFLs) have received wide attention [1][2][3][4] because of their low threshold, high pump efficiency, ultra-narrow linewidth, and stable polarization stability. In MWBRFLs, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) are usually used to excite more higher-order Stokes light [5][6][7][8], and the four-wave mixing (FWM) effect is also induced to increase wavelength number. MWBRFLs with more than 100 wavelengths have been reported [9]. ...
... The sensitivity was significantly higher than that of a corresponding Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on a sphere-thin core fiber-sphere sensing structure [27]. In addition, temperature and magnetic field optical fiber sensing structures also include tapered all-solid waveguide-array fiber (WAF) [28], optical fiber structure with cascaded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) [29][30][31][32], fiber-loop shape structure [33,34], U-bent fiber structure [35] and FP structure [36,37]. Generally, those structures have limitations in manufacturing processes and have difficulty in meeting the requirements of miniaturization and integration. ...
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... The normalized mode distribution of the DRF is shown in Figure 3. In the structural design of FMFs, breaking the circular symmetry is usually a common method to generate mode polarization separation [20,[26][27][28]. That is to say, the degenerate separations of the spatial and polarization modes are simultaneous and the separation levels of both are in the same order of magnitude. ...
... In recent years, many fiber temperature sensors based on different mechanisms have been manufactured, such as a fiber interferometer temperature sensor [10,11], fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor [12,13], fiber Fabry-Perot (F-P) temperature sensor, and fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) temperature sensor [14][15][16][17]. Especially in recent years, the sensitivity of optical fiber temperature sensors made based on three-stage welding [18], packaging technology [19], or PCF with filling technology has been greatly improved [20][21][22]. ...
... In this way, it is possible to achieve MIR bi-functional devices based on hBN/V O 2 heterostructures. It is worth mentioning that silica gratings bounded by graphene-hBN heterostructures has been recently suggested for the observation of the PIT-like response in the MIR range [75]. Moreover, V O 2 has been also employed as a thermally switchable element in the metastructures with PIT-like responses within the THz range [76,77]. ...
