![Optoelectronic properties of SWNTs governed by van Hove singularities (vHs). A) The energy dispersion relationship for 2D graphite based on γ0 = 3.013 eV, s = 0.129, ε2p = 0 is given throughout the entire Brillouin zone. The inset shows energy dispersion along the high‐symmetry (i.e., Γ, M, and K) points. B) Wavevector‐dependent 2D Brillouin zone of m‐ and s‐SWNT. Note that wavevector k2 passes through the K point in case of m‐SWNTs whereas wavevector k2 passes the K point for s‐SWNTs. C) The corresponding DOS of m‐ and s‐SWNT. Spike‐like DOS is referred to as vHs. D) Kataura plot of eii versus dt of a SWNT. Each (n, m) has a distinct set of eii. Reproduced with permission.[¹³] Copyright 2000, American Physical Society.](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/380605767/figure/fig2/AS:11431281244202444@1715860443798/Optoelectronic-properties-of-SWNTs-governed-by-van-Hove-singularities-vHs-A-The_Q320.jpg)
![Various dispersants used for SWNT individualization. Molecular structures of representative A) molecular dispersants and B) polymeric dispersants commonly used for SWNT dispersion. Various dispersant organization on SWNT. C) TEM images of the supramolecular organization of SDSs on MWNT (left) and SWNT (right). Reproduced with permission.[⁶⁴] Copyright 2003, American Association for the Advancement of Science D) TEM images of uranyl acetate‐stained FMN‐wrapped SWNTs (left) and simulated FMN helical configurations (right). Reproduced with permission.[⁶⁵] Copyright 2008, Springer Nature. E) AFM phase image of SWNTs wrapped by DNA, having a regular helical pitch of ≈18 nm and height of ≈2 nm. Reproduced with permission.[⁶⁷] Copyright 2003, American Association for the Advancement of Science. F) TEM image of two PFO‐wrapped SWNTs in contact with each other. Reproduced with permission.[⁶⁹] Copyright 2012, Royal Society of Chemistry. G) TEM image of binaphthalene‐based chiral polymer wrapped (6,5) SWNTs. Reproduced with permission.[⁷⁰] Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society.](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/380605767/figure/fig4/AS:11431281244202446@1715860444487/Various-dispersants-used-for-SWNT-individualization-Molecular-structures-of_Q320.jpg)
![The Ka difference according to characteristics of the dispersion. A) Schematic of various dispersants surrounding the SWNT. Double arrows and their relative magnitudes indicate that the process is in equilibrium with an equilibrium constant of Kinit‐final (init and final describe the initial and final dispersants, respectively) and the reaction direction. Reproduced with permission.[⁷⁵] Copyright 2013 American Chemical Society. B,C) Comparison of Kd and γ for various dispersants with SWNT. B) Average Kd (left axis) and Vocc (star symbol, right axis) according to dispersants. C) γ of the various nonionic (black) and anionic (red) dispersants in the presence (empty square) or absence (solid square) of SWNTs. Bars indicate standard deviations. Reproduced with permission.[⁷⁶] Copyright 2018, Elsevier.](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/380605767/figure/fig5/AS:11431281244202448@1715860444999/The-Ka-difference-according-to-characteristics-of-the-dispersion-A-Schematic-of-various_Q320.jpg)
March 2024
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Sorting single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) that are heterogeneous into homogeneous groups based on their electronic type, chirality, and handedness is crucial for optoelectronic and biological applications. To achieve this, researchers have utilized dispersants with different binding affinities to sort SWNTs according to their chiralities. This review article provides an overview of the methods developed for sorting SWNTs using dispersants, with a particular focus on the role played by dispersant binding affinities. The article is organized into six sections, including an introduction, a background on SWNTs and dispersant‐based individualization of SWNTs, information on dispersants and their binding affinities, separation methods for SWNTs based on controlling the dispersant binding affinity, parameters used to control dispersant binding affinity, and a conclusion. It is hoped that this review will enhance understanding of the intricate interactions between dispersants and SWNTs, leading to the development of new SWNT sorting methods for future applications.
