Roberto Carapellucci's research while affiliated with Università degli Studi dell'Aquila and other places

... This involves continuously monitoring the inlet and outlet temperatures, pressures, and flow rates, and adjusting the model parameters accordingly to reflect actual operational conditions. This dynamic modeling approach allows for the optimization of the ORC integration, aiming to maximize the power output and overall efficiency of the geothermal power plant [14] [15]. ...

... Hence, to face this issue and reduce the energy consumption of buildings, different international policies and incentives have been introduced [8]. Covenant of Mayor, for instance, gives the responsibility to the smallest local entity to produce a Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan, to set concrete actions in all the sectors where the Municipality can claim an influence and promote sustainable opportunities: typical residential, commercial, lighting and transport [9][10]. When single actions, even very little, are realized, the whole of them can produce the target results on a wide scale, enforcing the concept of "glocalization", acting locally to thinking globally [11]. ...

... The aim to maximize energy recovery has been pursued also in combination with other thermodynamic cycles, such as IBC [174] and turbocompounds [175]. Higher performance can be achieved using also a proper mixture of fluids: the target of 40% energy efficiency has been demonstrated with a combined cycle and fluid mixture in the bottomed ORC [161]. ...

... The life cycle approach considered is presented in Figure 1: in the cradle-to-gate section, the extraction of raw materials (oil-based or biological ones) is considered, as well as the production of different types of plastic and the manufacturing of products for each category; the use phase is neglected with regard to single-use items-it is considered only for multi-use ones (referring to a suitable number of instances of reuse); the end-of-life scenario is represented by a proper share of incineration, recycling and waste disposal in landfill. In upstream and downstream phases, the average European values for energy-and transport-related emissions were considered [31,32]. ...

... Covenant of Mayor, for instance, gives the responsibility to the smallest local entity to produce a Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan, to set concrete actions in all the sectors where the Municipality can claim an influence and promote sustainable opportunities: typical residential, commercial, lighting and transport [9][10]. When single actions, even very little, are realized, the whole of them can produce the target results on a wide scale, enforcing the concept of "glocalization", acting locally to thinking globally [11]. More recently, the "Green Homes Directive" approved by EU in 2023, set the path to the decarbonization of new buildings by 2028. ...

... For the complexity of the conventional steam methane reforming process, sorption-enhanced steam methane reform-ing (SESMR) hydrogen production can be used to increase the reactant conversion and accelerate the forward reaction rate by removing a portion of the products and breaking the original chemical equilibrium. 17,18 Steam methane reforming reaction products are CO 2 and H 2 , adding adsorbents to remove CO 2 and move the reaction in the direction of H 2 production to achieve enhanced hydrogen production. The CO 2 capture performance of the adsorbent is related to the extent to which the reaction equilibrium shifts, affecting the purity and efficiency of hydrogen production. ...

... Sustainable forest management with conservative selective trees cuts 3.750 m 3 /ha residual biomass Finally, in this work, the improved carbon uptake potential of forest has been neglected, but, if considered, it can significantly help to mitigate the climate change effects as well as increase territory adaptation [28]. Table 5 shows the results related to the electrical energy balance in the three scenarios introduced previously, that consider the 30%, 50% and 70% of total roofs for the installation of PV system, with a number of plants respectively of 219, 365, 511. ...

... Indeed, the exhaust gases are directly expanded down to subatmospheric pressure through a specific turbine and then re-compressed to facilitate their evacuation [24,25]. Potential applications are also found in CHP (combined heat and power), power generation systems, and transport [26,27,28]. In both cases, the system complexity increases due to technical issues and a larger number of components. ...

... Researchers have put forth several strategies to extract waste heat from engine exhaust fumes and transform it into useable energy. The Joule-Brayton and Rankine-Hirn cycles can be combined in mixed cycles, methanol decomposition can be used for thermochemical recovery, and waste heat recovery can power combined refrigeration systems Yu et al., 2021a;Davide et al., 2021a). Researchers have conducted studies on engine heat recovery system design, which involve the use of heat exchangers and heat-collecting covers (Goudarzi and Mohammad, 2022c). ...

... With coal gradually being phased out, natural gas is set to take the central role to meet the need for new electricity generation and reduce CO 2 emissions. For large-scale electricity generation, one of the key deployments of natural gas is in the combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT), which has a high conversion efficiency of > 60%, low pollutant emissions, and flexibility in modern installations (Carapellucci and Giordano 2021). Although a shift from coal to natural gas would help reduce emissions in the short term, CCGT plants still produce an average of 350-400 gCO 2 /kWh, which is significantly above the threshold of 50 gCO 2 /kWh envisaged for low carbon electricity generation by 2030 (Committee on Climate Change 2015). ...