Ralf Schäfer-Pregl's research while affiliated with Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research and other places

... The regional differences provide unequivocal evidence for multiple domestication events. The recent evidence from DNA analyses of modern populations of barley and emmer tend to bear this out (Badr et al. 2000; Heun et al. 1997; Ishii et al. 2001; Ozakan et al. 2002; Salamini et al. 2002; Tanno et al. 2002; Thuillet et al. 2002).Figure 3 gives a selection of sites where there is evidence for early domesticated cereals based on the rough abscission scars of indehiscent ears, but as has already pointed out, this can be problematical (Kislev 1992; Nesbitt 2002); the lower edge of the abscission scar where one can see the torn ragged surface does not survive on the early Neolithic spikelet bases. The earliest known examples are dated to the early 9th millennium b.c. ...

... Using SNP tags located in the TtBtr1-A and TtBtr1-B "domestication loci" (3049 SNPs for A1 subgenome and 4724 SNPs for B1 subgenome), local phylogenies were constructed, which proved that wild emmer from the northern Levant was the closest group to all cultivated wheat [15]. In southeastern Turkey, direct wild ancestors of another wheat important in antiquity, T. monococcum, were also discovered [27], which led to the approval of the hypothesis on the domestication of T. dicoccum in this region. ...

... Although many statistical methods have been specifically developed to map QTLs in outcrossing species Haley et al. 1994;Schäfer-Pregl et al. 1996;Knott et al. 1997;Sillanpää and Arjas 1999;Lin et al. 2003;Wu et al. 2007;Hu and Xu 2009), the general double pseudo-testcross method has been widely used to study QTL in sugarcane through single marker analysis (SM), interval mapping (IM) and composite interval mapping (CIM) (Sills et al. 1995;Daugrois et al. 1996;Ming et al. 2001;2002a, b;Hoarau et al. 2002;Jordan et al. 2004;da Silva and Bressiani 2005;McIntyre et al. 2005aMcIntyre et al. , b, 2006Reffay et al. 2005;Aitken et al. 2006Aitken et al. , 2008Raboin et al. 2006;Al-Janabi et al. 2007;Piperidis et al. 2008;Pinto et al. 2010;Pastina et al. 2010). In this approach, statistical analyses are carried out with the well-established backcross model using softwares developed for inbred-based populations. ...

... Hordeum leporinum and H. glaucum belong to genus Hordeum which is considered as one of the most complex plant genera with respect to evolution, taxonomy (polyploidy) and natural ecosystem (El-Rabey et al., 2002). The genus Hordeum consists of around 46 annual or perennial plant species including an important grain crop, i.e., barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Ube et al., 2017). ...

... The discovery of fresh disease-resistant genes and development of novel technologies, such as quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, have significantly enriched the material foundation for developing late-blight-resistant potato varieties (Danan et al., 2011;Albert et al., 2015). Petra Oberhagemann found quantitative resistance to late blight in potatoes using QTL mapping (Oberhagemann et al., 1999). A novel broad-spectrum disease resistance gene from the wild potato species S. bulbocastanum has been found using dRenSeq (Li et al., 2023). ...

... An important technique that has improved the efficiency of selection in numerous crops is marker-assisted selection (MAS). Numerous studies have identified markers associated with traits in sugar beet including root elongation and glucose and fructose content (Stevanato et al., 2010), sucrose content and quality (Schneider et al., 2002), cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) (Hjerdin-Panagopoulos et al., 2002;Honma et al., 2014;Moritani et al., 2013), post-winter bolting resistance (Pfeiffer et al., 2014), yield (Schwegler et al., 2014), and resistances to beet diseases including: Rhizomania (Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus; BNYVV) Gidner et al., 2005;Grimmer et al., 2007a;Lein et al., 2007;Scholten et al., 1999), beet yellows virus (BYV) (Grimmer et al., 2008), powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni DC.) (Grimmer et al., 2007b;Janssen et al., 2003), Aphanomyces root rot (Aphanomyces cochlioides Drechsler) (Taguchi et al., 2009(Taguchi et al., , 2010, root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) (Bakooie et al., 2015;Weiland & Yu, 2003), and Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora beticola Sacc.) (Nilsson et al., 1999;Schäfer-Pregl et al., 1999;Setiawan et al., 2000;Taguchi et al., 2011). MAS has already been utilized in sugar beet to select for resistance to some diseases as well as for reproductive traits such as CMS (Moritani et al., 2013); however, use of the technology for host resistance has not yet been reported in table beet, and thus far, only a single marker−quantitative trait loci (QTL) association for geosmin concentration has been reported in table beet (Hanson et al., 2021). ...

... The testing environment had a significant effect on the tuber flesh starch. This result was not surprising because this multi-genic characteristic (Schäfer-Pregl et al. 1998) 2017), who noted a tendency towards instability in bred germplasm with high starch content. Furthermore, they also indicated that a Type 1 measurement such as the CV should be used with caution when considering it for breeding processing potatoes with stable starch content. ...

... Since both major and minor late blight resistance sources (e.g., genes or QTL) were observed from diverse wild potato species, such as Solanum demissum, S. bulbocastanum, S. polyadenium, S. stoloniferum, S. vernei, and S. verrucosum, (Graham, 1963;Toxopeus, 1964;Black, 1970;Khiutti et al., 2015;Karki et al., 2021), various mapping populations were first developed with them, and then analyzed by researchers to localize new resistance genes or QTL. Major and minor late blight resistance QTL were detected across all the 12 fundamental potato chromosomes after inspecting ten different genetic studies conducted with multiple diploid (or di-haploid) bi-parental mapping populations having various wild potato species' genetic backgrounds (Leonards-Schippers et al., 1992;Leonards-Schippers et al., 1994;van Eck and Jacobsen, 1996;Collins et al., 1999;Visker et al., 2003;Simko et al., 2006;Sĺiwka et al., 2007;Wickramasinghe et al., 2009;Li et al., 2012;Chakrabarti et al., 2014). Chromosome 5 was most frequently identified as a hotspot for significant QTL relating to P. infestans (Leonards-Schippers et al., 1992;Leonards-Schippers et al., 1994;Collins et al., 1999;Visker et al., 2003;Sĺiwka et al., 2007). ...

... A molecular understanding of genomic diversity in beet has been advanced in the sugar beet group; nuclear DNA polymorphisms were analyzed by several population-genetic methods, such as those based on genetic distance and allelic frequency difference, to provide results consistent with the history of the breeding lines (e.g., Galewski and McGrath 2020;Schneider et al. 1999;Adetunji et al. 2014;Laurent et al. 2007;Li et al. 2010;Mangin et al. 2015;Simko et al. 2012;Stevanato et al. 2014;Andrello et al. 2017). Mitochondrial genome types (mitotypes) in sugar beet have been analyzed to show selection based on mitotype should be adopted for hybrid breeding (Cheng et al. 2009). ...

... Domesticated barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) originated from its wild ancestor H. spontaneum in the Fertile Crescent of the Middle East approximately 10,000 years ago (Badr et al. 2000;Ullrich 2011;Kaur et al. 2022). Barley grain finds its primary applications in providing animal feed, producing malt products, and serving as a source of human consumption, respectively (Akar et al. 2004). ...