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October 1981
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24 Reads
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38 Citations
A method for performing inhomogeneity corrections using a generalised Batho equation is described. The corrections are performed using the quantitative anatomical data produced by a CT scanner. The generalised Batho equation has been implemented on an EMIPLAN 7000 interactive treatment planning system. Details are given of the acquisition of the required data from the CT scan and from the existing stored beam data of the therapy machines.
February 1980
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2 Reads
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14 Citations
Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
October 1979
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2 Reads
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
August 1979
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83 Reads
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112 Citations
Techniques by which the quantitative anatomical data inherent in a CT scan can be directly used in treatment planning are described. The correction algorithms used in the RAD-8 system, based on an effective path length, have been extended to a pixel-by-pixel approach. By calibrating the X-ray transmission CT scanner in terms of electron densities (electron cm-3) inhomogeneity corrections may be made automatically.
December 1978
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12 Reads
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4 Citations
The British journal of radiology
As part of the evaluation tests performed on the EMI CT5005 whole-body scanner installed at the Royal Marsden Hospital, Surrey, measurements have been made to estimate the maximum exposure to the skin of the patient. The Mark II scanner used has a redesigned collimator which differs from the prototype machine for which exposure measurements have been reported previously (Rutherford et al., 1976).
September 1978
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5 Reads
Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
September 1978
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2 Reads
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3 Citations
Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
... 42,79,80 In contrast, the primary mode of photon interaction for high energy x-rays is Compton scattering, which is predominantly dependent on electron density, resulting in a one-to-one relationship between HU and electron density at higher energies. 81,82 MVCT has been demonstrated to provide higher accuracy for mapping both electron density and SPR 42,79 and deriving stoichiometric HU-to-SPR calibration curves. 83 When it comes to both CT image synthesis for treatment planning and adaptive planning in proton radiotherapy, synthetic MVCTs may provide a more accurate alternative to synthetic kVCTs. ...
February 1980
Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
... The resultant images are shown in grayscale according to the tissue density, which can be illustrated by appearing white for bone (high density), gray for soft tissue (medium density), and black for air (low density) [40]. In addition to the visualization of internal anatomy for the diagnosis purpose, the grayscale which is derived from the CT numbers and the robust geometrical information make the CT images suitable to be used for the dose calculation in radiotherapy planning [41]. ...
August 1979
... 20 Dose calculation algorithms in TPSs are classified into either data-driven algorithms or model-driven algorithms or Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Data-driven algorithms are based on the measured data and use simplified methods such as 'Modified Batho' 21 or 'Equivalent Tissue to Air Ratio' 22 to account for inhomogeneity and can greatly overestimate doses as much as 20% in areas where lateral electron disequilibrium exists such as the lung. 23 On the other hand, the model-driven algorithms [e.g., analytical anisotropic algorithm (AAA), 24 collapsed cone convolution (CCC) algorithm 25 and Acuros XB (AXB) algorithm 26 ] are based on beam models which Figure 1. ...
October 1981
