R K Chandra's research while affiliated with All India Institute of Medical Sciences and other places

... 3 The absence of both NBT dye reduction decrease and bactericidal anomaly in samples of blood from our patient's parents is in agreement with all the previously described cases of chronic granulomatous disease in females, with the exception of the results recorded by Chandra and associates. 11 Nevertheless, this mode of transmission cannot explain the decrease of leukocytic G6PD we discovered in the mother's blood. ...

... AAT is a protease inhibitor that is supposed to finely regulate the balance of protease activities and is a biomarker of primordial follicle health [29]. AFP is essential for immune response in ovaries [30]. GRP78 is a molecular chaperone that facilitates protein assembly, folding and regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling [31][32][33], and GEN is known to be a cell motility factor [34]. ...

... Serum factors which inhibit lymphocyte transformation in vitro in response to nonspecific mitogens and/or specific antigens have been described in a number of pathological conditions (45) which include ataxia telangiectasis (46), hepatitis (47)(48)(49), alcoholic and primary biliary cirrhosis (50,51), and gastrointestinal cancer (52) . This group of pathological conditions is of particular interest here since abnormally high AFP levels have been reported in most of these diseases (7)(8)(9)(10)(11) . Based on our demonstration of the immunosuppressive activity of AFP, we postulate that AFP may be one, and possibly an important factor causing the nonspecific immune suppression reported in many of the diseases mentioned above. ...

... Infants who suffered from intra-uterine growth retardation and those with post-natal nutritional depletion have been observed to have elevated serum alpha-feto-protein (Chandra & Bhujwala, 1977). This protein has been shown to suppress immune responses both in vitro (Figueredo, Palomino & Ortiz, 1979), and in vivo (Chandra & Bhujwala 1977). ...

... Undernutrition in the first 1000 days post-conception has both short-and long-term detrimental consequences for the health and nutrition status of children, and adversely affects the economic productivity of nations [1]. It is associated with cognitive deficits that lead to lower educational performance [1][2][3][4][5], physical growth deficits that can limit economic productivity in adulthood [1,6,7], immune system dysfunction and reduced efficacy of vaccines-hence increased susceptibility to and severity of infections [1,8,9]. Among women, the consequences of undernutrition during childhood can persist until reproductive age and cause intrauterine growth restriction [1,10]. ...

... The International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) Expert Committee categorized PIDs into 9 groups based on the genetic and molecular diagnosis of patients [1]. The initial cases of PIDs reported from India almost 50 y ago were based on clinical manifestations [2,3]. In the last two decades, a transition in the diagnoses of PIDs has been based on flow cytometric analysis, in selective cases by mutational analysis and is evolving towards deep sequencing approaches [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. ...

... The growing number of individuals with nutritional deficiency is an emerging global problem that poses significant economic and public health consequences (1) . Epidemiological findings show that maternal undernutrition affects fetal development and predisposes the offspring to an increased incidence of diseases such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes and CHD (2 -4) as well as leucocyte reduction at the inflammatory site (5) . Concerning the inflammatory response, experimental findings indicate that malnutrition impairs the acute (6) and systemic inflammatory responses (7 -9) . ...

... Good response to steroids is rarer in Indian population than in Europe, but more common than those children with nephrotic syndrome in Nigeria. 13 Other pediatric studies have shown predominant FSGS(focal segmental glomerulosclerosis), IgA nephropathy, MCD (minimal change disease),lupus nephritis, and HSP (henoch schonlein purpura) nephritis as being major causes of pediatric renal diseases. 14,15 Since we could not find much studies in Indian population, we selected this study to see, if there is a correlation between the selectivity of proteinuria and the outcome of relapses and thus to prognosticate the course of the disease. ...

... The transplacental transfer of IgG is a fascinating process dependent upon the Fc portion of the immunoglobulin molecule [45] [49], IgGj is transferred in proportionately larger amounts than other subclasses of IgG [9]. In the cord blood, IgG concentration exceeds that in the maternal circulation [17]. However, the functional significance of this maternofet l transmission of IgG has been questioned in light of the apparent normal appearance and development of infants of agammaglobulinemic mothers [20]. ...

... Our findings showing that deficient HIFM/HRV pigs have decreased levels of total and HRV IgA antibody in the intestinal contents are in agreement with the previous findings that protein malnutrition impairs secretory IgA production in humans (48,49) and mice (50,51). It has been shown previously that total serum IgM, IgG, and IgA are elevated in humans with the protein malnutrition disorders kwashiorkor and marasmus (52)(53)(54)(55)(56). Our findings of increased total serum IgM and IgG concentrations in the deficient-diet pigs at PFMTD9 or PFMTD10/PID0 are consistent with these findings; however, it is unclear why we did not find elevated serum IgA at this time point, in contrast to the findings of others. ...