R. J. Gutteridge's research while affiliated with Rothamsted Research and other places
What is this page?
This page lists the scientific contributions of an author, who either does not have a ResearchGate profile, or has not yet added these contributions to their profile.
It was automatically created by ResearchGate to create a record of this author's body of work. We create such pages to advance our goal of creating and maintaining the most comprehensive scientific repository possible. In doing so, we process publicly available (personal) data relating to the author as a member of the scientific community.
If you're a ResearchGate member, you can follow this page to keep up with this author's work.
If you are this author, and you don't want us to display this page anymore, please let us know.
It was automatically created by ResearchGate to create a record of this author's body of work. We create such pages to advance our goal of creating and maintaining the most comprehensive scientific repository possible. In doing so, we process publicly available (personal) data relating to the author as a member of the scientific community.
If you're a ResearchGate member, you can follow this page to keep up with this author's work.
If you are this author, and you don't want us to display this page anymore, please let us know.
Publications (45)
Given the increasing demand for wheat which is forecast, cropping of wheat in short rotations will likely remain a common practice. However, in temperate wheat growing regions the soil-borne fungal pathogen Gaeumannomyces tritici becomes a major constraint on productivity. In cultivar rotation field experiments on the Rothamsted Farm (Hertfordshire...
Background
Ancestral wheat relatives are important sources of genetic diversity for the introduction of novel traits for the improvement of modern bread wheat. In this study the aim was to assess the susceptibility of 34 accessions of the diploid wheat Triticum monococcum (A genome) to Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, the causal agent of take-...
Experiments on the Rothamsted and Woburn Experimental Farms studied the effects on take-all of different break crops and of set-aside/conservation covers that interrupted sequences of winter wheat. There was no evidence for different effects on take-all of the break crops per se but the presence of volunteers, in crops of oilseed rape, increased th...
Background and aims Take-all, caused by the fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, is the most damaging root disease of wheat. A severe attack often leads to premature ripening and death of the plant resulting
in a reduction in grain yield and effects on grain quality (Gutteridge et al. in Pest Manag Sci 59:215–224, 2003). Premature death of...
The effect of wheat cultivar on the build-up of take-all inoculum during a first wheat crop was measured after harvest using a soil core bioassay in field experiments over five growing seasons (2003–2008). Cultivar differences in individual years were explored by analysis of variance and a cross-season Residual Maximum Likelihood (REML) variance co...
Results from a series of crop sequence and single-year experiments that tested different straw and cultivation treatments in a total of 11 site–season combinations confirmed previous evidence that the development of eyespot disease in cereals can be decreased by debris in the seed bed even if that debris includes eyespot-infected stem bases, which...
Here, the aim was to understand the cellular and genetic basis of the Triticum monococcum-Mycosphaerella graminicola interaction. Testing for 5 yr under UK field conditions revealed that all 24 T. monococcum accessions exposed to a high level of natural inocula were fully resistant to M. graminicola. When the accessions were individually inoculated...
Soil samples (0–10 cm depth) taken from plots of continuous winter wheat at intervals between January 1993 and July 1996 were dilution-plated on PCNB agar to identify and enumerate colony-forming units (cfus) of Fusarium spp. Cfus of the main wheat pathogen, F. culmorum, were more numerous in soil from plots that were shallow-cultivated to 10 cm af...
Assessments of Phialophora radicicola var. graminicola (PRG) and Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (GGT) were made by culturing and by direct microscopic examination of pieces of seminal roots from 16 winter wheat crops grown in different cropping sequences and with different phosphate manuring. PRG occurred on all wheat crops, but was abundant...
Seed treatments containing fluquinconazole, silthiofam or a standard fungicide mixture with no activity against take-all were compared in all combinations of sequences in successive second and third winter wheat crops in five field experiments and second to fourth crops in a sixth experiment. Compared with the standard treatment, silthiofam decreas...
The effects of tillage (ploughing vs minimum tillage) and application of chopped maize stalks on winter wheat cv. Hereward by Fusarium culmorum and F. graminearum were investigated in two 2-year experiments in eastern England. Supplementary inoculum of each fungus (five isolates) was applied to the ground to the first wheat crop in each experiment....
Take-all disease (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) in wheat crops is known to be suppressed by naturally occurring antagonistic fungi, closely related to the pathogen, that infect grasses and cereals. This form of suppression was re-investigated because of the changing importance and role of grass weeds and grass covers in arable farming. Natu...
Grass species were grown in plots, as pure stands or mixed with wheat, after a sequence of wheat crops in which take-all (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) had developed. Annual brome grasses maintained take-all inoculum in the soil as well as wheat (grown as a continuous sequence), and much better than cultivated species with a perennial habit...
This is the final report of a 42 month project that started in September 2002. The work was funded with a contract of £175,113 from HGCA (project no. 2732). The Home-Grown Cereals Authority (HGCA) has provided funding for this project but has not conducted the research or written this report. While the authors have worked on the best information av...
Field isolates (n = 144) of the wheat take-all fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) were tested for sensitivity to silthiofam, a take-all-specific fungicide used as a seed treatment, and identified as A- or B-type by PCR–RFLP analysis of nuclear rDNA. A possible association was identified between polymorphisms in ITS2 of the nuclear rD...
The susceptibilities of different grass species, including currently important annual weeds of cereal crops, to root infection by Gaeumannomyces cylindrosporus and related weakly or non-pathogenic fungi, and to G. graminis var. tritici (the take-all fungus), were tested in pot experiments. Amounts of infection on wheat grown subsequently were also...
A seed treatment containing fluquinconazole as the only active ingredient was tested in sequences of up to six consecutive crops of winter wheat. It was applied or not applied in each year, and was tested in all possible combinations with treatments applied in previous years. Take-all was controlled effectively, and grain yield usually increased, w...
Summary Different cultivation systems (e.g. ploughing compared to non-inversion tillage or direct drilling) can affect amounts of some wheat diseases by altering the distribution of inoculum. There can also be direct or indirect effects, especially on take-all, of over- or under-compaction of the soil or, when cultivations are done in unsuitable co...
In a field experiment on winter wheat, take-all on plants and the infectivity of the soil were studied in crop sequences with different combinations of sowing dates. Take-all was negligible in the first wheat crop, but thereafter the mean disease intensity (measured using a take-all rating, TAR, with a maximum of 300) was 108, 190, 118 and 251 in t...
Relationships between take-all intensity and grain yield and quality were determined in field experiments on cereal crops using regression analyses, usually based on single-point disease assessments made during anthesis or grain-filling. Different amounts of take-all were achieved by different methods of applying inoculum artificially (to wheat onl...
Three experiments on winter wheat, each lasting 5 years and on different soil types, were used to test
the effects of incorporating different amounts of straw, mainly to determine the importance of
achieving uniform distribution to avoid adverse effects on grain yield. Decreases in crop growth
and/or grain yield as a consequence of incorporating...
Average percentages of winter wheat plants with severe take-all were decreased by up to half by azoxystrobin applied as foliar sprays in four field experiments. Decreased take-all in three of the experiments was associated with increased grain yield but effects on other diseases may have contributed to these responses. Standard fungicide sprays wer...
A field experiment was started in 1979 on a clay soil to compare effects of baling to leave stubble only, chopping and spreading straw or burning on the yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Results are reported for the period 1982–1988 with occasional references to earlier years. The crop was either direct drilled or sown after incorporation...
Different management regimes for 1-year rotational set-aside were
tested in three experiments that
followed winter wheat and started in autumn 1988–90. The
regimes included operations that
prevented the establishment of volunteers or allowed them to
establish and persist until either spring
or summer, and also altered the distribution of debr...
A mitochondrial ribosomal DNA probe (pEG34) that distinguishes two main restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) types of isolate of the take-all fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici was used to compare isolates from different host species. RFLP analysis confirmed that one type (designated T2), unlike the other type (T1), was associat...
The relationship between micronutrient efficiency of four wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, tolerance to take-all disease (caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) Arx and Olivier var. tritici Walker), and bacterial populations in the rhizosphere was tested in soil fertilized differentially with Zn and Mn. Plant growth was reduced by Mn or Z...
Disposal methods for straw from continuous winter wheat were tested on two soil types, a flinty silty clay loam and a sandy loam, over 7 years (1985–91). The methods tested were burnt or chopped straw in full factorial combination with four cultivation methods (tined to 10 cm, tined to 10 cm then to 20 cm; ploughed to 20 cm; tined to 10 cm then plo...
An experiment at Rothamsted in 1985–89 and another at Whaddon in 1986 studied the effects of incorporating straw on diseases of winter barley. Net blotch (Pyrenophora teres) and leaf blotch (Rhynchosporium secalis) were initially less severe where straw was burnt or incorporated by ploughing than where cultivations only partially buried it. However...
Winter cultivars of wheat, barley, triticale and rye were grown under two contrasting husbandry systems (low and high inputs) at two locations (Woburn and Rothamsted) known to be infested with the take-all fungus. The sandy loam at Woburn is less fertile than the silty clay loam at Rothamsted. Root infection in these crops was assessed in spring an...
In experiments at Rothamsted in 1984–86, seven factors, each at two levels, were tested in factorial combination on winter barley (cv. Panda) grown as a third take-all susceptible crop. The factors were seed rate, a growth regulator prior to stem extension, amounts of N in spring, ‘winter’ nitrogen, an autumn insecticide, a fungicide applied to the...
Experiments on winter barley at Rothamsted, testing different sowing dates, were sampled in 1987–89 to measure effects on take-all caused by the fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici . The experiments used the same plots in each year, and in 1988 and 1989 the randomization was restricted so that sowing dates were balanced for sowing dates in...
Experiments in 1985 and 1986, at Woburn Experimental Farm in Bedfordshire, tested the effects of fungicides, applied in autumn, and a growth regulator, applied at GS3O–31 or GS32–33 in spring, on winter barley grown on two contrasting soil types in each year. Leaf diseases did not become severe in any of the experiments but take-all ( Gaeumannomyce...
Field experiments made in 1984 and 1985 compared the effects of ammonium chloride with those of other nitrogen fertilizers applied to winter wheat in spring. The dressing was divided, 40 kg N/ha in March and 160 kg N/ha in April. In both years take-all in July was at levels which usually decrease yield, and take-all ratings were greatest in plots t...
In 1980 a field of winter wheat at Little Raveley, Cambridgeshire (U.K.) suffered a bad attack of take-all, which was confined mainly to areas dominated by Ragdale series, one of five soil types on the field. Take-all and yield were assessed on experimental areas within the field in the three subsequent years (1981–3). On a strip 50 m wide, which w...
From 1980 to 1983 factorial experiments at Saxmundham were made on winter wheat following beans, so as to minimize losses from foot and root rots and increase potential yields. All tested seed-bed N, and amounts and times of application of N in spring, both with and without sprays intended to limit losses from aphids and from diseases. The tests we...
The Rothamsted ley–arable experiments were on two fields with similar soils but with contrasting previous cropping: old grass on Highfield, old arable on Fosters field. Damage by take-all ( Qaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici ) occurred sooner in successive wheat crops grown after a lucerne ley and arable sequence (LU) than after a grass-clover le...
In a glasshouse pot experiment two successive wheat crops were grown to near maturity in soils naturally infested by the take-all fungus, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, with or without inoculum of Phialophora radicicola var. graminicola (PRG) added before the first crop was sown. PRG decreased take-all in both crops. More PRG infections were...
A new species of Gaeumannomyces, G. cylindrosporus sp.nov. on rotting roots of Triticum and Hordeum is described with Phialophora radicicola var. graminicola as its possible conidial state.
Citations
... In this crop, near-row soils contained higher pathogen inoculum levels for all three diseases and showed significantly higher disease incidence compared to that in the inter-row treatment, which would have contributed to the lack of benefits in grain yield despite higher crop establishment and shoot biomass. Soilborne root diseases observed in this study, such as Take-All and Fusarium crown rot, are known to restrict water and nutrient uptake later in the season thereby affecting grain filling and contributing to the lack of grain yield benefits in this crop (Hornby and Bateman 1998;Alahmad et al. 2018). ...
... Most works based on sample survey (1,29) or field trials (16,25,43) have been published without providing a time course of infection or disease development. Disease progress has been partially studied by other authors (3,11) with the help of equations based on epidemiological knowledge but without taking into account the influence of crop management on various infection mechanisms. ...
... For example, Cadenza and Xi-19 are both L-TAB cultivars, while Hereward is a H-TAB variety. However, the molecular basis of this differential TAB trait is not known [14]. The H-TAB wheat variety Hereward supported a Pseudomonas spp. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/348201375813635-1460029085226_Q64/Joseph-Moughan-Phd.jpg)
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/276871351685126-1443022682793_Q64/Kim-Hammond-Kosack.jpg)
... It can cause severe loss of yield and decreases the efflciency with which wheat plants take up N. It typically increases to become very severe if susceptible crops are grown consecutively for about 2-5 years but, thereafter, typically becomes less severe as a consequence of a natural biological control known as take-all decline (TAD). The disease and TAD have been studied on Broadbalk and in other experiments at Rothamsted over many years (Gutteridge et al. 1996 on Broadbalk (Hereward) is particularly susceptible to take-all, which would explain the sustained yields of flrst wheat after a break. There have also been several years with adverse weather conditions in the last 10 years, in some cases leading to very late sowing. ...
... Reducing the quantity of wheat debris on the soil surface over the autumn and winter months has been suggested as a means of protecting the next crop from early disease attacks (e.g. Yarham & Norton, 1981;Jordan & Allen, 1984;Jenkyn et al., 1994). For some cereal diseases, especially septoria leaf blotch, this proposal is not fully supported by research results, which are quite inconsistent Schuh, 1990;Sutton & Vyn, 1990;Bailey et al., 2001;Gilbert & Woods, 2001). ...
... The study also demonstrated the benefits to wheat of applying fluquinconazole as seed-treatment fungicide. Previous studies have shown wheat yield responses to fluquinconazole as a result of decreased take-all (Bateman et al. 2004(Bateman et al. , 2006Seiling et al. 2007). Bateman et al. (2004) reported that seed treatment with fluquinconazole could effectively control moderate take-all and increase grain yields. ...
... It is likely to be due to G. g. tritici present on the stubble field and in straw left after wheat harvest in the NT system, which caused the infection of plants sown therein Ramanauskienė et al. [2019]. In the study conducted by Jenkyn et al. [2014], early cultivation of stubble field after cereal harvest was effective in alleviating wheat infestation in the upcoming year. Gosme et al. [2007] demonstrated that in the case of soilborne diseases, the mechanical cultivation of soil caused 'inoculum dilution' in the arable layer and, thereby, lesser plant infestation in the successive growing season. ...
... Where plants are unable to dissociate from their fungal symbionts, plant carbon is acquired by the fungi for reduced mineral nutrient cost, and the symbiosis may no longer be mutualistic. Progress in crop breeding to reduce susceptibility to fungal disease such as take-all (McMillan et al., 2014) may unintentionally also reduce susceptibility to colonisation by beneficial symbionts such as AM fungi, further exacerbating this problem (Jacott et al., 2017). ...
... The soil Eardiston soil association, known to be at high risk of water erosion (Evans, 1990;Hollis & Hodgson, 1974). The microcosms were similar to those used by Gutteridge, Zhang, Jenkyn, and Bateman (2005) and Singh, Munro, Potts, and Millard (2007). The size of the microcosm allowed for plant traits to be analysed at individual species level and the plants were not pot bound after 6 weeks of growth. ...
... However, as mineral fertilization must be reduced because of its environmental impact (Raun and Johnson, 1999), and as droughts become more frequent due to climate change (Turral et al., 2011), competition for soil resources is likely to increase in agricultural fields. Soil-ressource use can also be impacted by soil-borne root pests, such as root-infecting fungi (Macdonald and Gutteridge, 2012) or root parasitic plants (e.g. branched broomrape Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel) (Parker, 2013), which moreover can be hosted by weeds (Gibot-Leclerc et al., 2003). ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/280210890084356-1443818890567_Q64/Andrew-Macdonald-4.jpg)
