Naoto Yagi's research while affiliated with Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) and other places
What is this page?
This page lists the scientific contributions of an author, who either does not have a ResearchGate profile, or has not yet added these contributions to their profile.
It was automatically created by ResearchGate to create a record of this author's body of work. We create such pages to advance our goal of creating and maintaining the most comprehensive scientific repository possible. In doing so, we process publicly available (personal) data relating to the author as a member of the scientific community.
If you're a ResearchGate member, you can follow this page to keep up with this author's work.
If you are this author, and you don't want us to display this page anymore, please let us know.
It was automatically created by ResearchGate to create a record of this author's body of work. We create such pages to advance our goal of creating and maintaining the most comprehensive scientific repository possible. In doing so, we process publicly available (personal) data relating to the author as a member of the scientific community.
If you're a ResearchGate member, you can follow this page to keep up with this author's work.
If you are this author, and you don't want us to display this page anymore, please let us know.
Publications (483)
The link between the structural properties and the rupturing of chordae tendineae in the mitral valve complex is still unclear. Synchrotron-radiation-based X-ray phase computed tomography (SR-XPCT) imaging is an innovative way to quantitatively analyze three-dimensional morphology. XPCT has been employed in this study to evaluate the chordae tendin...
Recent studies apparently finding deleterious effects of radiation exposure on cataract formation in birds and voles living near Chernobyl represent a major challenge to current radiation protection regulations. This study conducted an integrated assessment of radiation exposure on cataractogenesis using the most advanced technologies available to...
Objective:
Synchrotron radiation-based X ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) was used in this study to evaluate abdominal aorta specimens from patients with sac expansion without evidence of an endoleak (endotension) following endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The aim of this study was to analyze the morpho...
The ill-posed problem of phase retrieval in optics, using one or more intensity measurements, has a multitude of applications using electromagnetic or matter waves. Many phase retrieval algorithms are computed on pixel arrays using discrete Fourier transforms due to their high computational efficiency. However, the mathematics underpinning these al...
Maternal overnutrition affects offspring susceptibility to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Male offspring from high-fat diet (HFD)-fed dams developed a severe form of NASH, leading to highly vascular tumor formation. The cancer/testis antigen HORMA domain containing protein 1 (HORMAD1), one of 146 upregulated differentially expressed genes in...
Gene vectors to treat cystic fibrosis lung disease should be targeted to the conducting airways, as peripheral lung transduction does not offer therapeutic benefit. Viral transduction efficiency is directly related to the vector residence time. However, delivered fluids such as gene vectors naturally spread to the alveoli during inspiration, and th...
Purpose:
To investigate how cataract-linked mutations affect the gradient refractive index (GRIN) and lens opacification in mouse lenses and whether there is any effect on the optics of the lens from treatment with an oxysterol compound.
Methods:
A total of 35 mice including wild-type and knock-in mutants (Cryaa-R49C and Cryab-R120G) were used i...
Our goal was to devise a bridge between shock determinations of asteroid regolith grains by standard light optical petrography, synchrotron X‐ray diffraction (SXRD), and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). We determined the optimal conditions under which to measure the shock stage of olivine crystals in astromaterial grains by EBSD. We appli...
Although several reports exist on the use of X-ray analysis in vegetables and fruits to examine internal disorders, cavities, and porosity, information on X-ray analysis of qualities, such as texture, is lacking as well as information on X-ray analysis of legumes. Therefore, this study aimed to perform X-ray analysis with sensory and rheometer test...
Purpose:
Our studies in mouse eye lenses demonstrate that ephrin-A5 and EphA2 are needed for normal epithelial cells and lens transparency. We sought to determine whether EphA2 and ephrin-A5 are important for lens morphometrics, nucleus formation, and refractive index.
Methods:
We performed tissue morphometric measurements, electron microscopy,...
Propagation-based phase-contrast imaging, used in conjunction with the phase retrieval algorithm based on the Transport-of-Intensity Equation (TIE) (Paganin et al., 2002), is commonly used to improve the sensitivity of X-ray imaging. Recently, a `Generalised Paganin Method' algorithm was published to correct the tendency of the TIE algorithm to ove...
Purpose:
In the eye lens, cytosolic protein concentrations increase progressively from the periphery to the center, contributing to the gradient of refractive index (GRIN). Aquaporins are membrane proteins of lens fiber cells that regulate water transport and adhesion and interact with cytoskeletal proteins. This study investigates how these membr...
We assessed the histological accuracy of X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) and investigated three-dimensional (3D) ductal tissue distribution in coarctation of the aorta (CoA) specimens. We used nine CoA samples, including the aortic isthmus, ductus arteriosus (DA), and their confluences. 3D images were obtained using XPCT. After scanning, the...
Lewy bodies (LBs) and glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) are specific aggregates found in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA), respectively. These aggregates mainly consist of α-synuclein (α-syn) and have been reported to propagate in the brain. In animal experiments, the fibrils of α-syn propagate similarly to prions but th...
The orientational behavior of a smectic-A liquid crystal (4-cyano-4′-octylbiphenyl, 8CB) confined between mica surfaces as well as between silica surfaces with a nanometer scale thickness was investigated by synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurement.
We have developed an analyser-based phase contrast X-ray imaging technique to measure the mean length scale of pores or particles that cannot be resolved directly by the system. By combining attenuation, phase and ultra-small angle X-ray scattering information, the technique was capable of measuring differences in airway dimension between lungs of...
A dedicated X-ray imaging detector for 200 keV high-energy X-ray microtomography was developed. The novelty of the detector is a large-format camera lens employed for a wide field of view. Several scintillators were evaluated in terms of the degree of efficiency of detection for high-energy X-ray photons and the modulation transfer function. For to...
Objective
Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) imaging is an innovative modality for the quantitative analysis of three-dimensional morphology. XPCT has been employed in this study to evaluate ascending aorta specimens from patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) and to analyze the morphological structure...
The development of the eye requires the co-ordinated integration of optical and neural elements to create a system with requisite optics for the given animal. The eye lens has a lamellar structure with gradually varying protein concentrations that increase towards the centre, creating a gradient refractive index or GRIN. This provides enhanced imag...
X-ray diffraction and tension measurement experiments were conducted on rat left ventricular skinned fibers with or without “troponin-T treatment,” which exchanges the endogenous troponin T/I/C complex with exogenous troponin-T. These experiments were performed to observe the structural changes in troponin-T within a fiber elicited by contractile c...
Human skin, not previously frozen, was studied by small-angle X-ray diffraction. The samples were folded so that a 6μm X-ray beam passed through the top layer of skin, stratum corneum. Diffraction patterns recorded with this method consisted of peaks at about q = 0.5, 1.0 and 1.4 nm⁻¹ in the direction perpendicular to the skin surface more clearly...
Objective:
The human visual system alters its focus by a shape change of the eye lens. The extent to which the lens can adjust ocular refractive power is dependent to a significant extent on its material properties. Yet, the link between the optics and mechanics of the lens remains uncertain and relatively unexplored. This study aims to investigat...
Background
To improve survival of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), combination therapy with bilateral pulmonary artery banding and prostaglandin E1. (PGE1)-mediated ductal patency was developed as an alternative for high-risk neonates in Japan. However, the effect of long-term PGE1 administration on the ductus arteriosus (DA) r...
The morphological and histopathological effects of PGE1 infusion for ductus arteriosus were clarified through novel modality XPCT and immunohistochemical analyses, EP4, and LOX expression. Recognition of microstructural changes of ductal tissue induced by extended administration of PGE1 is profound to establish the safety usage of PGE1 for HLHS pat...
The optics of the eye is the key to a functioning visual system. The exact nature of the correlation between ocular optics and eye development is not known because of the paucity of knowledge about the growth of a key optical element, the eye lens. The sophisticated optics of the lens and its gradient of refractive index provide the superior optica...
It is generally believed that during muscle contraction, myosin heads (M) extending from myosin filament attaches to actin filaments (A) to perform power stroke, associated with the reaction, A-M-ADP-Pi → A-M + ADP + Pi, so that myosin heads pass through the state of A-M, i.e., rigor A-M complex. We have, however, recently found that: (1) an antibo...
Reducing the sample-exchange time is a crucial issue in maximizing the throughput of macromolecular crystallography (MX) beamlines because the diffraction data collection itself is completed within a minute in the era of pixel-array detectors. To this end, an upgraded sample changer, SPACE-II, has been developed on the basis of the previous model,...
Small-animal physiology studies are typically complicated, but the level of complexity is greatly increased when performing live-animal X-ray imaging studies at synchrotron and compact light sources. This group has extensive experience in these types of studies at the SPring-8 and Australian synchrotrons, as well as the Munich Compact Light Source....
Life-long eye lens function requires an appropriate gradient refractive index, biomechanical integrity and transparency. We conducted an extensive study of wild-type mouse lenses 1-30 months of age to define common age-related changes. Biomechanical testing and morphometrics revealed an increase in lens volume and stiffness with age. Lens capsule t...
Supporting methods and data for our study on changes in cardiomyocyte and coronary microvascular function in prediabetes
Coronary microvessel endothelial dysfunction and nitric oxide (NO) depletion contribute to elevated passive tension of cardiomyocytes, diastolic dysfunction and predispose the heart to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. We examined if diastolic dysfunction at the level of the cardiomyocytes precedes coronary endothelial dysfunction in...
Background
Mechanical properties of chordae tendineae of mitral valve (MV) are still not fully investigated. Synchrotron-based X-ray phase tomography (XPCT) is a powerful tool to measure biological soft tissues. Recently, we have developed dynamic X-ray phase tomography (4D-XPCT) to discuss the dynamic phenomena of biological samples quantitatively...
Significance
Lewy bodies (LBs), which mainly consist of α-syn, are neuropathological hallmarks of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recently, it has been reported that aggregates of α-syn with cross-β structures are capable of propagating within the brain in a prionlike manner. However, there is still no evidence that such propagation occurs...
![Zonular angles that provide the closest fits to in vivo data [33], p...](publication/332560210/figure/fig4/AS:11431281253701781@1718922030555/Zonular-angles-that-provide-the-closest-fits-to-in-vivo-data-33-p-values-used-to_Q320.jpg)
Ageing changes to the various components of the accommodative system of the eye lens contribute to the loss of focusing power. The relative contributions of each ageing component, however, are not well defined. This study investigates the contribution of geometric parameters and material properties on accommodation, simulated using models based on...
We have recently introduced the concept of “Platonic micelles”, the preference of spherical micelles to specific aggregation numbers mostly coinciding with the number of faces of platonic solids. This effect was observed on bulky, mostly calix[4]arene-based surfactant systems with small aggregation numbers. The preferred aggregation numbers result...
Background
Recent large-scale clinical studies demonstrate that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors protect the diabetic kidney. However, clinical and animal studies have not shown the changes of the total glomeruli in the whole kidney treated with SGLT2 inhibitors.
Methods
We performed computed tomography (CT) imaging on mice using...
Improvement of Scanning Procedure for 4D-X-ray Phase Tomography - Volume 24 Supplement - Masato Hoshino, Kentaro Uesugi, Naoto Yagi, Takuro Tsukube
Imaging the Brain In Situ with Phase Contrast CT - Volume 24 Supplement - Linda Croton, Kaye Morgan, David Paganin, Lauren Kerr, Megan Wallace, Kelly Crossley, Gary Ruben, Suzanne Miller, Naoto Yagi, Kentaro Uesugi, Stuart Hooper, Marcus Kitchen
Phase contrast X-ray imaging (PCXI) is an emerging imaging modality that has the potential to greatly improve radiography for medical imaging and materials analysis. PCXI makes it possible to visualise soft-tissue structures that are otherwise unresolved with conventional CT by rendering phase gradients in the X-ray wavefield visible. This can impr...
In 1964, a fragment of a colorless facet-cut glass vessel was collected at the Kamigamo Shrine, located in Kyoto, which was the capital city of Japan from late 8th century AD through the mid-19th century AD. X-ray fluorescence analytical techniques were applied to this fragment in a nondestructive manner with the aim of scientific provenancing base...
X-ray diffraction measurement at the SPring-8 synchrotron was employed to investigate the structures of two types of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([C4mim][NTF2]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4mim][BF4]), confined between silica surfaces by varying the s...
Phase contrast X-ray imaging (PCXI) is an emerging imaging modality that has the potential to greatly improve radiography for medical imaging and materials analysis. PCXI makes it possible to visualise soft-tissue structures that are otherwise unresolved with conventional CT by rendering phase gradients in the X-ray wavefield visible. This can impr...
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging can improve the visibility of weakly absorbing objects (e.g. soft tissues) by an order of magnitude or more compared to conventional radiographs. Combining phase retrieval with computed tomography (CT) can increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by up to two orders of magnitude over conventional CT at the same radiatio...
An x-ray micro-imaging technique to visualize high-resolution structure of cultural heritages made of iron or copper has been developed. It utilizes high-energy x-rays from a bending magnet at the SPring-8 synchrotron radiation facility. A white x-ray beam was attenuated by 0.5 mm tungsten and 2.0 mm lead absorbers resulting in the peak energy of 2...
Introduction: Plostagrandin E 1 (PGE 1 ) is essential for maintaining the ductus arteriosus (DA) in ductal-dependent congenital heart disease. Recently, relatively long-term administration of PGE 1 became common, especially in patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) . Staged Norwood approach which consists of bilateral pulmonary artery...
The purpose of this study was to determine the density distribution of scored and round-faced tablets using synchrotron X-ray computed tomography. The tablets were made by direct compression of standard formulations. The density distribution of scored flat-faced tablets was uniform in the whole cross-sectional image. However, the tablet formulated...
Measurement conditions in X-ray phase tomography using a grating interferometer were evaluated to achieve fast measurements toward 4D X-ray phase tomography for biological samples. X-ray phase tomographic images obtained from different exposure time and the number of projections were examined to determine required statistics for high density resolu...
Objectives: We previously reported excellent findings of X-ray phase-contrast tomography (PCX) for visualization of the formalin-fixed human aortic wall samples, and PCX enabled to demonstrate changes of tunica media in acute type A aortic dissection (AADA) . This study evaluates quantitative and dynamic measurements of fresh aortic wall samples of...
The concept of micelles was first proposed in 1913 by McBain and has rationalized numerous experimental results of the self-aggregation of surfactants. It is generally agreed that the aggregation number (Nagg) for spherical micelles has no exact value and a certain distribution. However, our studies of calix[4]arene surfactants showed that they wer...
Synchrotron Radiation (SR) Wide-angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD) and Small-angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) techniques were used to assess microstructure of bovine enamel white-spot lesions (WSL) evaluated in a 10-day pH cycling model comprising three different dentifrice groups: (A) 0.21% NaF plus TCP (Clinpro Tooth Crème), (B) 1.1% NaF plus TCP (Clinp...
Structural examination of human heart specimens at the microscopic level is a prerequisite for understanding congenital heart diseases. It is desirable not to destroy or alter the properties of such specimens because of their scarcity. However, many of the currently available imaging techniques either destroy the specimen through sectioning or alte...
Background:
The feasibility of synchrotron radiation-based phase-contrast computed tomography (PCCT) for visualization of the atrioventricular (AV) conduction axis in human whole heart specimens was tested using four postmortem structurally normal newborn hearts obtained at autopsy.
Methods:
A PCCT imaging system at the beamline BL20B2 in a SPri...
Zones of discontinuity seen in living healthy human lenses when they are viewed using biomicroscopy are not understood from structural or functional perspectives. They scatter light but do not impede or impair vision and there are no known structures that could explain their presence. Previous methods that measured changes in the optical property o...
X-ray phase contrast tomography based on a grating interferometer was applied to fast and dynamic measurements of biological samples. To achieve this, the scanning procedure in the tomographic scan was improved. A triangle-shaped voltage signal from a waveform generator to a Piezo stage was used for the fast phase stepping in the grating interferom...
α-synuclein (α-syn) is the main component of Lewy bodies, which are neuropathological hallmarks of patients with Parkinson’s disease. As it has been controversial whether human α-syn from erythrocytes exists as a tetramer under physiological conditions, we tried solving this issue by the small-angle X-ray solution scattering method. Under two diffe...
X-ray diffraction analysis is a method to obtain information about periodically repeated structures. When striated muscle is irradiated with X-ray, many of the reflections and the layer lines, which convey information about molecular structures within the muscle fiber, are obtained without chemical modification. Two of the strong equatorial reflect...
BackgroundA sustained inflation (SI) facilitates lung aeration, but the most effective pressure and duration are unknown. We investigated the effect of gestational age and airway liquid volume on the required inflation pressure and SI duration.Methods
Rabbit kittens were delivered at 27, 29 and 30 days gestation, intubated and airway liquid was asp...
The phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) is an important modulator of skeletal muscle performance, and plays a key role in post-tetanic potentiation and staircase potentiation of twitch contractions. The structural basis for these phenomena within the filament lattice has not been thoroughly investigated. Using a synchrotron r...
Background: Conventional 2-dimensional ultrasonography is limited in its ability to detect ovarian microanatomy. The objective of this study was to determine if biomedical synchrotron techniques would be effective for imaging ovarian microanatomy, including ovarian follicles, corpora lutea, and the oocyte.
Methods: A prospective, observational stu...
Lewy bodies (LBs), which mainly consist of α-synuclein (α-syn), are neuropathological hallmarks of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The fine structure of LBs is unknown, and LBs cannot be made artificially. Nevertheless, many studies have described fibrillisation using recombinant α-syn purified from E. coli. An extremely fundamental problem...
In vitro expanded beating cardiac myocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-CMs) are a promising source of therapy for cardiac regeneration. Meanwhile, the cell-sheet method has been shown to potentially maximize survival, functionality and integration of the transplanted cells into the heart. It is thus hypothesized that transplan...
Advent of synchrotron radiation completely changed X-ray experiments on biological samples. Protein crystallography data collection has now become a routine work for most of researchers. Protein small-angle scattering measurements are also popular. Time resolved experiments that make best use of high brilliance of synchrotron X-rays are not many in...
The eye lens grows throughout life by cell accrual on its surface and can change shape to adjust the focussing power of the eye. Varying concentrations of proteins in successive cell layers create a refractive index gradient. The continued growth of the lens and age-related changes in proteins render it less able to alter shape with loss of capacit...
The medium-length (215 m) bending-magnet beamline 20B2 is allocated to medical applications and various X-ray micro imaging techniques (e.g., angiography, computed tomography, phase contrast imaging and diffraction topography) [11.
S. Goto, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 467–468, 682–685 (2001).View all references]. The uniqu...
At SPring-8, synchrotron radiation-based X-ray phase-contrast tomography (PCXI) has been developed to measure the inner structures of biological soft tissue without destroying them. To resolve the three-dimensional (3D) morphology, we have applied PCXI to various cardiovascular tissue samples, including the thoracic aorta, ductus arteriosus, and ca...
A major structure/function relationship in the eye lens is that between the constituent proteins, the crystallins and the optical property of refractive index. Structural breakdown that leads to cataract has been investigated in a number of studies; the concomitant changes in the optics, namely increases in light attenuation have also been well doc...
Diffracted X-ray Tracking (DXT) is one of single molecule techniques for investigating intra-molecule dynamics of functional proteins. In DXT, a nanocrystal is immobilized on a target protein and the trajectory of its diffracted spot is analyzed as the motion of the protein. We advanced the time resolution of this method and refined the analysis pr...
Impaired actin–myosin cross-bridge (CB) dynamics correlate with impaired left ventricular (LV) function in early diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Elevated expression and activity of Rho kinase (ROCK) contributes to the development of DCM. ROCK targets several sarcomeric proteins including myosin light chain 2, myosin binding protein-C (MyBP-C), tropo...
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is associated with left ventricle fibrosis, hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. Cardiomyocyte subcellular alterations are thought to drive contractile dysfunction in early DCM. Rho kinase (ROCK) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of DCM and is known to interact with proteins in the actin-myosin cross-bridge (CB...
Novel experimental methods, including a modified single fiber in vitro motility assay, X-ray diffraction experiments, and mass spectrometry analyses, have been performed to unravel the molecular events underlying the aging-related impairment in human skeletal muscle function at the motor protein level. The effects of old age on the function of spec...
GLIC is a proton-gated bacterial ion channel from Gloeobacter violaceus and is a member of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels. Recently structural information of GLIC in open (acidic pH) and closed state (neutral pH) has become available (1,2), and the gating mechanism is discussed based on the structural information. However the dynamic informat...
Persistence of an X-ray image intensifier with a YAG (P46, Y3Al5O12:Ce3+) phosphor in the output window was examined using X-ray pulses from a storage ring and a high-speed CMOS camera. Because of the fast decay of the YAG fluorescence (60 ns), persistence of CsI:Na+ in the input window dominates the decay of intensity of the image intensifier. As...
Tissue engineering strategies for spinal cord repair are a primary focus of translational medicine after spinal cord injury (SCI). Many tissue engineering strategies employ three-dimensional scaffolds, which are made of biodegradable materials and have microstructure incorporated with viable cells and bioactive molecules to promote new tissue gener...
Background: The prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are rapidly becoming a global epidemic. Individuals with IR and T2D have a significantly increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, including diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diastolic dysfunction associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy is often attributed to increase...
X-ray phase contrast tomography using a Talbot grating interferometer was applied to biological fresh samples which were not fixed by any fixatives. To achieve a high-throughput measurement for the fresh samples the X-ray phase contrast tomography measurement procedure was improved. The three-dimensional structure of a fresh mouse fetus was clearly...
Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) is one of the most useful animal models to study the causes and effects of hereditary diseases because of its rich genetic resources. It is especially suitable for studying myopathies caused by myosin mutations, because specific mutations can be induced to the flight muscle-specific myosin isoform, while leaving...
We observed the dynamic three-dimensional (3D) single molecule behaviour of acetylcholine-binding protein (AChBP) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) using a single molecule tracking technique, diffracted X-ray tracking (DXT) with atomic scale and 100 μs time resolution. We found that the combined tilting and twisting motions of the protei...
This study investigated changes in collagen fibril architecture and the sulphation status of keratan sulphate (KS) glycosaminoglycan (GAG) epitopes from central to peripheral corneal regions. Freshly excised adult bovine corneal tissue was examined as a function of radial position from the centre of the cornea outwards. Corneal thickness, tissue hy...
Citations
... As additional context for this work, we note that the concept of spatial resolution and how it can be improved is a key factor in determining the usefulness of a CT reconstruction technique. In order to improve spatial resolution, CT reconstructions that utilize the TIE phase retrieval method of Paganin et al. [34] have sometimes incorporated deconvolution filters [35] or taken source-size blurring into account [38], and recently have shown an improvement in spatial resolution by incorporating the discrete mathematics used in processing digital images in the phase retrieval algorithms [43,44]. The present paper extends the method presented in Leatham et al. [28] to the realm of CT, and also aims to show that 1) a dark-field CT can be captured without additional optics, using only propagation-based imaging, through the introduction of a tomographic Fokker-Planck linear diffusion coefficient which quantifies the diffusion of the x-ray beam by a given voxel of the sample, and 2) by separating out phase and dark-field effects, an improvement in spatial resolution can be seen in the recovered sample density image when compared to the TIE-based phase retrieval method of Paganin et al. [34]. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/286562202996736-1445333161192_Q64/Kaye-Morgan.jpg)
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/795374415511552-1566643446636_Q64/Linda-Croton.jpg)
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/814099281747969-1571107802486_Q64/Marcus-Kitchen.jpg)
... 10 Ther efor e, these mice may pose a confounding v aria b le that needs to be accounted for in resear c h studying metabolism, to xicolo gy and/or those that employ purified diets. As a case in point, we noted one study that stri v ed to exclude PSS mice 36 and several other groups, despite not confirming for PSS, classified mice with PSS-like c har acteristics as anomalous. 3 , 10 , 37 , 38 Despite being an anomaly, murine PSS is nonetheless an inv alua b le animal model with clinical r elev ance to humans with patent ductus venosus , 33 those who acquire spontaneous PSS due to li v er cirrhosis, 39 and those who had underwent surgery for tr ansjugular intr ahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS; a surgicall y cr eated shunt) to r educe portal hypertension. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/490639411421185-1493988959217_Q64/Takao-Takiyama.jpg)
... Their motion within pulsatile blood vessel fluid can be modelled (Heidsieck et al 2012), but the non-stop, complex motion of the reversing air (breathing) and liquid (mucociliary clearance (Gardner et al 2020)) environment within the airway surface extends the challenges further. Simply visualising the magnetic nanoparticles to develop control mechanisms is difficult, however Donnelley et al (2022) have had some success using high-resolution x-ray imaging. That study utilised propagation-based phase-contrast effects to enhance image contrast, and showed that strings of magnetic nanoparticles formed in the airways of rats when a static external magnetic field was applied, similar to the strings that iron filings form under the influence of magnet fields. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/272443394752529-1441966975700_Q64/Martin-Donnelley.jpg)
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/388448348327961-1469624711685_Q64/Juliette-Delhove.jpg)
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/272400210198548-1441956679534_Q64/David-Parsons-10.jpg)
... Recent studies have identified oxysterols, such as lanosterol, as being able to restore the transparency of lenses affected by cataracts (Makley et al., 2015;Zhao et al., 2015;Molnar et al., 2019;Wang et al., 2022). In addition, studies have discovered that lanosterol was effective in redissolving aggregates of bound proteins and restoring lens clarity in human lenses (Qi et al., 2016;Chen et al., 2018). ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/730608863039497-1551202135713_Q64/Kehao-Wang.jpg)
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/1085001345044481-1635695887641_Q64/Usha-Andley-2.jpg)
... Olivine with such small crystallographic misorientations is comparable with olivine in ordinary chondrites belonging to shock stage S2 (St€ offler et al., 2018;Zolensky et al., 2022). The other weak shock effects found in Ryugu grains are subparallel dislocations found in a large pyrrhotite crystal (Langenhorst et al., 2022) and compaction and deformation of phyllosilicates around large rigid minerals such as pyrrhotite and dolomite (Lee et al., 2022). ...
... Wang et al. (2017) used a grating-based X-ray imaging system to examine the seed distribution in a cherry tomato and the wrinkles of epicarp in a dried umeboshi. The system has also been used to detect foreign objects (e.g., wood chips, insects, and soft plastics) in food products (Einarsdóttir et al., 2016) and to examine the microstructural characteristics of cooked edamame (Hidaka et al., 2022). Despite the successful applications of the system in different food products, it is time-consuming and this has limited its wide application in the science of food. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/272479839059981-1441975664268_Q64/Shuhei-Miyashita.jpg)
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/950845151666176-1603710558368_Q64/Yoshinori-Kanayama.jpg)
... The molecular arrangement and orientation in the static state and the dynamic properties can be measured on a length scale from μm to nm owing to the progress in experimental techniques, such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), 8 surface force apparatus (SFA), 9 and resonance shear measurement (RFM). 10 Confined liquids exhibit distinct phases 11,12 and flow properties 13,14 not exhibited in the bulk solution even for low-molecular weight solutions such as water owing to the effect of spatial constraints and solid-liquid interfaces. Confined water is an interesting system because it is ubiquitous in nature; examples include biochannels 15,16 and water films confined between clay mineral surfaces. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/278882004553734-1443502059536_Q64/Masashi-Mizukami.jpg)
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/458667381268482-1486366233686_Q64/Kazue-Kurihara.jpg)
... Our previous work revealed that loss of EphA2 or ephrin-A5 in mouse lenses lead to either mild nuclear cataracts at the center of the lens or anterior cataracts, respectively. At a cellular level, Epha2 knockout ( -/-; KO) lenses display misaligned equatorial epithelial cells, a disrupted fulcrum, and disorganized fiber cells (3,5,(19)(20)(21)(22). Additionally, it was observed that Epha2 -/also results in smaller, more spherical lenses with reduced refractive power and degraded optical quality and decreased proliferation of lens epithelial cells (23,24). ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/272350394449938-1441944802534_Q64/Barbara-Pierscionek-2.jpg)
... The aorta wall simulation is solved using linear elastic constitutive equations [24], with a wall viscosity of 2.1 Pa s [5], and a wall density of 1.09g/cm 3 , following experimental measurements from X-ray phase-contrast tomography [38]. The wall thickness was set to be uniform at 1.3 mm based on the experimental measurements performed by Tran et al. [34]. ...
... Much of the work has focused on the role of specific genes in organ formation and function, including the lens [99], retina [100][101][102], optic neurons [103,104], ocular vessels [105,106], inner ear [107][108][109][110][111], vestibular apparatus [111], otoliths [112], brain [89,[113][114][115][116][117], neural tissue [118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127] and nervous system [128][129][130] [63,[151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161], liver [162][163][164], spleen [165], pancreas [166], kidney [167], intestine [168,169]. The targets of studies include lysosomes [170,171], endoplasmic reticulum [172], membranes [173], membrane channels [174], cytoskeleton [175], recombination processes [176], aneuploidy [177], expression regulation [178], and signaling [179]. ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/613944846712844-1523387266663_Q64/Irene-Vorontsova-2.jpg)
