Nagi F Idris's scientific contributions

Usually the enzymes have played a role in enhancing prodrug activation for active targeting by an antibody. In routine practice the use of enzymes is a difficult task due to the loss of activity by their degradation, although they do not have a capacity of penetrating into biological membrane, such a task is handled by placing the enzymes in suitable location i.e., encapsulating an enzyme to the surface of the lipid vesicles or surface of liposomes are called enzymosomes, thus the covalent link of enzymes will minimize alterations of the activity of enzymes, enhances half-life and achieved enzyme activity at targeted site such as tumour cell. The review article includes preparation techniques, characterization and stability of liposomal enzymes drug delivery system.

Enalapril maleate was incorporated into natural biodegradable polymer egg albumin microspheres for controlled release and to investigate the in vitro and in vivo studies in the treatment of hypertension. The microspheres were developed by chemical cross linking technique and glutaraldehyde was used as chemical cross linking agent. The size of formulated microspheres observed in the range of 50 to 60 μm and encapsulation efficiency of Enalapril maleate was up to 89.10%. In vitro studies reported the release of 85.44% Enalapril maleate loaded egg albumin microspheres after 6 hrs. In vivo studies carried out in wistar rats exhibited that, optimized formulation reduces the blood pressure and pharmacokinetic analysis such as C max, TM max and AUC was found to be 12.8 μm/ml, 4 hr and 56.25 g/hr/ml respectively. Elimination constant and t 1/2 of microspheres formulation was observed to be 0.0389 and 17 hrs. Stability studies were carried out at different temperature for 30 days which reported the reduction in drug content at very low amount. From these result, it was concluded that, the formulated egg albumin microspheres of Enalapril maleate is a potential delivery system to reduce the blood pressure. So the controlled release achieved through natural biodegradable polymer egg albumin microspheres.

Abstract: Haem is found in all living cells as well tissues in the form of proteins suchas cytochromes, hemoglobin’s and peroxides. This is act as catalyst for theformation of oxygen radicals. Encapsulation of haem or hemoglobin with in lipidvesicles or liposome’s is called “Hemosomes” or it is also called Liposomeencapsulatedhemoglobin (LEH). Which are 0.1 to 10 microns in dimension, andit is a technology of preparing artificial red blood substitutes. The synthetic cellsare stable being somewhat smaller and stronger than normal red blood cells andare having same electrophoretic movements. Hemoglobin (Hb) encapsulationwithin a liposome is one of the strategies in the development of artificial oxygen carriers. The review article includes preparation techniques, characterizationand stability of Hemosomal drug delivery system.