Ming Chang's research while affiliated with National Huaqiao University and other places
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Publications (65)
In this study, covalent conjugation of thrombolytic drug urokinase to water-soluble magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) is proposed to enhance the efficiency of thrombolysis. Hydrophobic NPs of oleic acid (OA)-coated Fe3O4 are first synthesized and then surface-modified with the amphipathic copolymer poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecylene) (PMAO) to for...
Oligozoospermia and asthenospermia are significant issues related to male infertility, and clinical treatments for infertility are complicated and expensive. This paper presents a sperm-magnetic controlling technology to manipulate sperm movement utilizing surface charged Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Since the surface membrane of sperm is n...
In this paper, an effective method of accelerating urokinase-administrated thrombolysis through a rotating magnetic field (RMF) of guided magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) in the presence of low-dose urokinase is proposed. The dispersed Fe3O4 NPs mixed with urokinase were injected into microfluidic channels occluded by thrombus prepared in vitro. These...
An efficient 3D profile measurement technique is proposed for in-line full-field inspection of surface feature and defect with high resolution. In this technique, a straight-line grating from a digital light processing illumination source was projected onto the surface of a translated substrate. The successive line images of the grating were grabbe...
Cancer cells secrete many exosomes, which facilitate metastasis and the later growth of cancer. For early cancer diagnosis, the detection of exosomes is a crucial step. Exosomes exist in biological fluid, such as blood, which contains various proteins. It is necessary to remove the proteins in the biological fluid to avoid test interference. This p...
This paper presents the use of a magnetic manipulation device to remotely control the movement of Ag/Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) for enhancing the antibacterial effect of Ag particles in aqueous suspensions containing Escherichia coli (E. coli). The Ag/Fe 3 O 4 magnetic NPs were prepared by co-precipitation method where the Ag particles are simult...
A fast and intelligent defect classification system for distinguishing defect features is developed in this study. Defect images obtained from an automated optical inspection instrument are first trained utilizing a deep learning approach based on the convolutional neural network. The detailed features of defects, such as flaws in the inclination,...
A high-resolution automated optical inspection (AOI) system based on parallel computing is developed to achieve fast inspection and classification of surface defects. To perform fast inspection, the AOI apparatus is connected to a central computer which executes image processing instructions in a graphical processing unit. Defect classification is...
An ultra-high-sensitivity strain sensor based on a single ZnO nanowire (NW) was developed by nanowelding the NW onto a flexible substrate using a custom-built nano-manipulation system inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Onto the two ends of the NW were sputtered Au electrodes, to which conducting wires that connect to a multi-meter were gl...
Rapid and complete mixing are fundamental criteria in the design of microfluidic chips and to date, magnetic stir bars are proving convenient and efficient tools for both macroscale and lab-on-chip applications. In this work, we implement magnetic stirring of Fe3O4 nanomateral to mediate active mixing in T-shape micromixers, where passive diffusion...
In this study, the control of magnetic fields to manipulate surface-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles by urokinase coating is investigated for thrombolysis in a microfluidic channel. The urokinase-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles are characterized using particle size distribution, zeta potential measurement and spectroscopic data. Thrombolytic ratio tes...
An optical inspection platform combining parallel image processing with high resolution opto-mechanical module was developed for defect inspection of touch panel glass. Dark field images were acquired using a 12288-pixel line CCD camera with 3.5 µm per pixel resolution and 12 kHz line rate. Key features of the glass surface were analyzed by paralle...
This study focuses upon building an automated inspection system for the in-line measurement of bond-line thickness (BLT) and die tilt in die attachments in the semiconductor packaging process. A prototype of a visual system utilizing the line scan stereo vision technique via two linear CCD cameras has been developed for the die bonding quality insp...
In this study, surface modification of iron (II, III) oxide Fe3O4 nanoparticles by oleic acid (OA) coating is investigated for the microablation of fat in a microchannel. The nanoparticles are synthesized by the co-precipitation method and then dispersed in organic solvent prior to mixing with the OA. The magnetization, agglomeration, and particle...
High-resolution surface topography measurement using two line scan CCDs was proposed for full-field optical inspection of surface geometry and defects. Based on traditional stereo vision technique, a new configuration of dual linear CCD system was constructed and a novel algorithm for correspondence matching based on digital image correlation (DIC)...
Long and smooth tungsten probe is useful for nano-manipulation. In this paper, an ameliorated straightforward dynamic electrochemical etching method and process for long and smooth tungsten probe fabrication have been developed. The relationships between the apex diameter and the aspect ratio of the probe and the fabrication process parameters have...
Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) systems are expected to replace manual inspection especially for flat and flexible electronic component systems, which require high yield and high speed. A high precision AOI system calibrated for 3.5 microns per pixel resolution was previously developed for defect detection of flat glass where imperfections and d...
A compact and cost-effective illumination platform was developed for a versatile optical inspection system to improve the detection accuracy of defects in glass substrates. The illumination device was developed in two phases, initially to demonstrate its feasibility for surface defect inspection in glass based on dark field images, and subsequently...
This study showcases two independent magnetic manipulation systems to remotely control the movement of Fe3O4 nanomaterial in microfluidic chips. One system utilizes a homogeneous rotating magnetic field to carry out magnetic stirring in 100 μm and 300 μm flow channels. The mixing results of this system revealed that adding Fe3O4 nanoparticles to th...
The electrical characteristics of single ZnO nanowire (NW) under axial strain were characterized using Cu and Au as electrodes, which revealed ohmic-type contact in ZnO–Cu and Schotkky barrier in ZnO–Au. The measurement system was built inside the vacuum chamber of a scanning
electron microscope and featured a fully automated nano-manipulation plat...
Fe3O4 nanoparticles were controlled by oscillating magnetic field to enable fast and non-contact ablation of microchannel occlusions. Scalable behaviour of their translation and rotational velocities were experimentally verified. Rotational flows created by such motions are fundamental for ablation as demonstrated by the removal of thrombus in occl...
Stereo version is a well-known technique for obtaining depth and surface information of objects from images captured by two cameras. In general, this technique is limited by camera occlusion inherent to grooved or steep profiles in 3D shape measurements. To alleviate this problem, a traditional dual-camera system accompanied with a projector based...
Diffraction limit is usually a thorny problem in an optical inspection system. In this investigation, a model-based deconvolution technique was developed to recover diffraction-limited images, where images with sizes smaller than the diffraction limit could be recognized. Experiments were carried out with a traditional microscope at 200× magnificat...
Reliable and accurate tools for nanoscale manipulation are constantly sought to complement new breakthroughs in nanomaterials and nanotechnology. In this study, a new design of electrically actuated nanotweezers was developed for manipulation of individual nanowires. The design featured two chemically etched tungsten tips attached to a carbon fiber...
In this study, ZnO dandelion-like nanostructures were rapidly synthesized on Si substrates using a two-step thermal oxidation approach. The ZnO nanostructures were grown at various thermal oxidation temperatures ranging from 400 °C to 700 °C. These nanostructures were then applied to humidity sensing and photocatalysis. The ratio of measured resist...
The Light-Eye Technology (LeyeT) has been developed to provide a generalized light source for various biomedical applications. The LeyeT system is designed for the purposes of uniform light, light with specific wavelength, controllable size of light, etc. Multiple high-directionality single-Watt light-emitting diodes (LED) are packed together and i...
Humidity sensors were fabricated using ZnO thin films synthesized on a Si wafer substrate. The ZnO thin films were grown via a vapor solid (VS) approach at temperatures ranging from 400 to 700 °C. Experiments were executed to observe the relationships between the relative humidity (RH) and resistance of these devices fabricated under various VS tem...
In this paper, we report a rapid synthesis of piezoelectric ZnO-nanostructures and fabrication of the nanostructures-based power-generators demonstrating an energy conversion from an environmental mechanical/ultrasonic energy to an electrical energy. The ZnO nanostructures are grown on a silicon wafer by a modified chemical solution method (CSD, ch...
Mechanical properties of gold nanowires were individually determined in this investigation using a multifunctional nanomanipulator inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Gold nanowires were synthesized by an electrochemical deposition technique. Three different characterization techniques including tensile, buckling and bending tests were ada...
In this paper, a method combining stereo vision and digital phase-shifting techniques is presented, which can measure the profile of complex freeform surfaces expeditiously and accurately. A chessboard is used to determine the camera parameters for the camera calibration of the system and the epipolar line rectification is executed based on the ste...
With the accelerated development of electronic products, flip-chip packaging has become one of the most prominently used and efficient designs in the integrated circuit (IC) industry. In daily application, the IC chip will be subjected to a temperature increase when it is in operation. With the rise in temperature, the chip is liable to a series of...
This work presents a rapid and simple synthesis procedure for ZnO nanowires (NWs) array by using the vapor–solid (VS) method. Experimental results indicate that the length and diameter of the grown ZnO NWs are associated with the temperature effect, while the growth density of NWs is strongly related to gas flux during the VS process. Additionally,...
In this study, the electrical characteristics of gold nanowire (NW) under external tensile force were experimentally investigated. Experiments were carried out with a self-developed nanomanipulator inside the vacuum chamber of a scanning electron microscopye. A resistivity of for an individual gold NW was first obtained with the nanomanipulation sy...
In the past, versatile near-field and far-field microscopic techniques used for measurements beyond diffraction limit are often designed for operation under specific circumstances and samples, which means being unable to achieve the real-time on-line measurements as required. This study develops a beyond diffraction limit line-width measurement tec...
In the manufacturing process of flip chip packaging, the IC chip would
be subjected to a temperature increase to roughly 150°C. With the
rise of temperature, the chip is induced to a series of deformations
which lead to possible malfunction of the IC unit. Therefore, the
investigation of in-line thermal deformation of the flip chip substrates
in ch...
With the rapid expansion of nanotechnology, assembling nano-materials and to create electrical/mechanical devices at micro and nano scales has become an increasingly important research area. An “OR” logical gate at nano-scale has been constructed with ZnO nanowires (NWs) via a mechanical nano-manipulator which placing inside the vacuum chamber of a...
The in-situ mechanical properties of Fe3O4 nanowires (NWs) of a magnetic material grown by an oxide assisted vapor-solid processes are experimentally investigated. Investigations are carried out with a nano-tensile testing technique via a custom-made nanomanipulator inside the SEM. The modulus of elasticity, yield stress and fracture stress of Fe3O...
With the rapid expansion of nanotechnology, assembly technology under micro and nano-scale has become an important research topic. This study develops a nano-manipulator operating at micro or nano scale to be used within a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for controlling nano-materials
and to create micro and nano scale mechanical tools. An indep...
We describes a controllable synthesis procedure for growing α-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 nanowires. High magnetic hematite α-Fe2O3 nanowires are successfully grown on Fe0.5Ni0.5 alloy substrates via an oxide assisted vapor-solid process. Experimental results also indicate that previous immersion of the substrates in a solution of oxalic acid causes the grown...
A mechanical nanomanipulation system has been developed for the assembly and fabrication of nano-devices inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical manipulator is made up of commercially available actuators and positioning stages which consists of three individual operation units each having three linear stages and one rotational s...
This paper presents a rapid inspection technique used for the evaluation of structures with line-width below sub-wavelength and diffraction limit. Inspections are carried out with an optical microscope via a vertical scanning and through-focus measurement, where the intensities of reflection light from different focal positions of the specimen are...
One-dimensional (1D) nanostructure such as nanowires (NWs), nanobelts and nanorods have attracted tremendous attention in recent years due to their exceptional micro-structural properties and novel potential applications. In the present investigation, titania (TiO(2)) nanowires are synthesized by microwave hydrothermal process (MHP) treating TiO(2)...
Oxide assisted vapor–solid (VS) process has been used for rapid crystal growth of Fe3O4 nanowires (NWs) on Fe:Ni (1:1) alloy substrate. Oxide layers have been created initially on the substrate by heating it inside the quartz tube of a single tube furnace at 600°C in air. On rising the temperature of the chamber to 700°C in vacuum and flowing argon...
Nanomechanical characterization of single-crystalline boron nanowires is carried out by buckling individual nano-wires with a nanomanipulator inside a scanning electron microscope in situ. The buckling behavior is studied and the applied load curves analyzed. A general calibration procedure for precisely measuring the mechanical properties of nanow...
Nanocrystalline materials have attracted a great deal of attention because of their intriguing size-/shape-dependent properties. Titanate nanowires have been synthesized from titania (TiO2) nanoparticles using conventional hydrothermal process. Young's moduli of as-prepared titanate nanowires have been determined in situ from the buckling instabili...
With rapid expansion of nanotechnology, microminiaturization has become imperative in the field of micro/nano fabrication. A nanomanipulation system with high degrees of freedom that can perform nanomachining, nanofabrication and mechanical/electrical characterization of nanoscale objects inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM) is presented. Th...
Vertical scanning interferometry is a typical technique in white light interferometry for height profile measurement of objects. In general an algorithm is needed to acquire the peaks of the zero order fringes in the white light interferogram for the measurement of a surface profile. Here an algorithm called maximum folding phase compensation (MFPC...
With the rapid development of semiconductor technology the demand for high resolution measuring system is evolving at an ever-increasing pace. Microscope was initially used to detect the defect by connecting charge couple device (CCD) as an auxiliary device. In general, for microscopic measurement human eyes are used to focus on the sample. The adj...
The present investigation describes about the development of a cost effective system for real time monitoring of porosity of ion track etched membranes. The system uses a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor to capture the image of the membranes from the optical microscope's projector lens and a field-programmable gate array...
Nanostructures materials have stimulated broad attention in the past decade because of
their potential fundamental characteristics and its promising applications in nano electronic devices.
In the present investigation, crystalline boron nanowires (BNWs) were synthesized by vapor liquid
solid (VLS) technique and its mechanical properties were studi...
The present investigation describes about the development of a cost effective measurement technique for automatic determination of bond-line thickness and die tilt in die attach for semiconductor packaging process. Bond line thickness (BLT) and die tilt in the die attach were measured using an optical non contact scanning probe system. The probe sy...
The principal object of this paper is to develop a neural network model, which can simulate the plasma enhanced chemical vapor
deposition (PECVD) process in TFT-Array procedure. Then the Boolean logic rules are extracted from the trained neural network
in order to establish a knowledge base of expert system. The input data of neural network was co...
A membrane thickness process control expert system of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) based on neural network is presented. In general, there are many factors would influence the membrane quality. Most of them can be adjusted by changing the recipe, which are the process parameters of the working machines. Finding out a suitable and steady recipe a...
For one-dimensional (1D) structures such as tubes, wires, and beams, tensile testing is a simple and reliable methodology for measuring their mechanical properties. The tensile offset angle effect on mechanical property measurement has long been ignored. In this study, theoretical and finite-element analysis (FEA) models for analyzing the tensile o...
Rapid mixing is essential in biochemical analysis, drug delivery, biomedical inspection, as well as RNA and DNA synthesis and testing. A suitable evaluation method is required for mixing effect comparison in the stage of research and development of mixers. Until now, no satisfactory method was developed to quantitatively evaluate the mixing perform...
Nanoscale structural and mechanical characterization of the shell of a red abalone has been carried out. Cobble-like polygonal nanograins are basic building blocks that are used to construct individual aragonite platelets into a mother-of-pearl configuration known as nacre. The nanograin-structured aragonite platelets are not brittle in nature, but...
Rapid mixing is essential in many of the microfluidic systems targeted for use in biochip analysis, drug delivery, and RNA and DNA synthesis and testing. Until now, no satisfactory method has been developed to quantitatively evaluate the mixing performance of micromixers. This paper describes an inspection algorithm that uses image gray level to ev...
A laser diode array probe design concept utilizing an optical scanning technique for high-speed and high-precision 3-D profile measurement is presented. The probe consists of 100 laser lines emerging from 100 laser diodes, arranged in five rows. This measurement method adopts the idea of a fringe projection technique. A profile is obtained by proje...
Rapid mixing is essential in many of the micro-fluidic systems targeted for use in the testing of biochip analysis, drug delivery, and analysis or synthesis of blood, among others. A design of a passive micromixer is presented in this paper. The mixing is based on the vortex phenomenon of fluid stirring and diffusion. The size of the mixer chip is...
A novel approach to a measuring algorithm and calibration method for 3-D coordinate noncontact measurement has been developed. This algorithm introduces variables that relate the output digital image directly to the viewed 3-D object. A simple and efficient calibration procedure is achieved using the least-squares technique. It takes advantage of a...
A low-cost and efficient probe for noncontact profilometric measurement of small-form parts is proposed. This measurement principle is based on the well-known projection fringe method. The fringe projection system consists of a laser diode light source and a simple lateral shearing interferometry mechanism. The measurement range can be flexibly adj...
—An on-line grid gaps inspection system (GGIS) for color-CRT electron-gun manufacturing has been developed. The measuring principle is based on the digital-image-processing technique and incorporates a design of stepping motor motion control. By utilizing the arrangement of stepping path image processing, the measurements for different types of gun...
— A high-resolution vision system for on-line measurements of color CRT electron-gun (E-gun) grid gaps has been developed. The measurement principle is based on a digital image-processing technique combined with a multi-path imaging system. By utilizing the arrangement of multi-path image processing, the measurements for different types of guns and...
In this study, a novel approach to a measuring methodology and calibration method for an optical non-contact scanning probe system is proposed and verified by experiments. The optical probe consists of a line laser diode and two charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras and is placed on a computer numerical control (CNC) machine to measure the workpiece...
A novel micromixer with Y-type inlet and helical fluid channel, along with grooves etched on the base of the fluid channel, is presented in this paper. Four types of herringbone arrangement were designed. The mixing of pure water and acetone solu- tion were numerically simulated to investigate the mixing efficiency of these mixers from Re = 1 to Re...
Citations
... Moreover, the study did not investigate potential toxic effects of the magnetic nanoparticles, and more work is needed to ensure the safety and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. Meanwhile, urokinase-conjugated water-soluble MNPs have been developed to enhance the efficiency of thrombolysis with manipulation under alternating magnetic fields, and the thrombolytic efficiency is increased nearly four times compared to pure urokinase [122]. ...
... Compared with other vectors, exosomes have the advantages of higher stability, lower immunogenicity, lower toxicity, better biocompatibility, and biological barrier permeability (Zeng et al., 2022). Nanoparticles have been used to control sperm movement (Chang et al., 2019), deliver protein (BMP4) for GC differentiation (Esfandiari et al., 2017), and introduce transgenes into the embryo via spermatozoa (Wang et al., 2017). EVs, as biological endogenous carriers, may be superior to nanoparticles. ...
... At some conditions, the aggregate rotation is expected to induce recirculation flows 'pumping' the thrombolytic drug from non-obstructed vessels towards the blood clot through the blocked vessel. Some preliminary in vitro studies show that the induced flows may cause the mechanical erosion of the thrombus (Gabayno et al. 2015) or enhance its chemical lysis through accelerated drug delivery (Cheng et al. 2014;Li et al. 2018), while in vivo tests confirm three times faster lysis of a blood clot formed in rabbit jugular vein (Creighton 2012). Alternatively, magnetic aggregates have been shown to form a dense swarm in artificial blood network under combined rotating and gradient magnetic fields; this swarm is able to translate along the vessels with a speed as high as ∼0.5 cm s −1 that is very beneficial for drug delivery through the blocked vessels Willis et al. 2020). ...
... Generally, nanostructures amalgamated with magnetic nanomaterials demonstrate advantages with regard to diagnostic applications, since they can function as effective carriers or probes that capture intended EVs directly. 107 Utilizing a chemical co-precipitation approach, Chang et al. 108 synthesized PEG-coated Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles with a size of 20 nm that reduced the protein content (e.g., serum albumin and immunoglobulins) of fetal bovine serum by 39.89%, without damage to EV integrity [ Fig. 5(a)]. Ko et al. 109 designed the ExoTENPO chip containing six series-connected membranes. ...
... To manufacture ATPISs, numerous studies propose automated inspection methods to detect defects in TPs [1][2][3][4][5]. Chen et al. [1] used an electronic control system, a mechanism, and machine vision to construct an automated optical inspection method to test defects of resistive TPs. ...
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... Therefore, Fe 3 O 4 -Ag NPs can show enhanced characteristics for water and wastewater treatment purposes. Shan [25,26]. Padmavathy, et al. considered the combination of magnetic properties of magnetite NPs and antimicrobial features of nanosilver which predestinates these nanocomposites to be possibly used in disinfection and biomedical applications where they can be used for targeted transport of antimicrobial drugs and/ or for its removal by an external magnetic fi eld [27]. ...
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... In 2018, a deep-learning-based intelligent defect classification system was developed by Ye et al. using defective images from an automated optical inspection instrument. Ye et al. [38] worked with the CNN (96% accuracy) network to characterize various defect types. The experiment used GPU to process a total of 16,115 images having 224 × 224 pixels, and 2 s processed time [38]. ...
... Structured light approaches have found application in the assessment of diffuse, specular, and transparent surfaces. Multiple options exist for creating the bright and dark fringes and include programmable LCD projections [10,66,127,193,239,251,259], moveable opaque grids placed between the light source and the surface [6], or strategically spaced strip lighting [9,10,131,159]. More complex fringe patterns have also found applications, for example, Zhang et al. [259] illustrated how the projection of distorted fringes onto a spherical ball bearing realises a linear fringe pattern on the curved surface enabling easier identification of fringe distortions indicating defects, see Fig. 22. ...
... 19 Therefore, any improvement in the cost and time, and efficiency of these diagnostic techniques can be valuable. A wide range of theoretical and experimental methods have been investigated to enhance the microfluidic mixing and overcome the limited mass transport, such as the use of electro-hydrodynamics, 20 electro-kinetics, 21 magnetic stirring, 22 vibrating membranes, 23 acoustofluidic bubble cavitation, 24 and pressure field modulation. 25 Each of the different mixing technologies has its merits and each can be more adapted to a particular application. ...
... To increase the specificity and efficacy, theranostic nanomedicines which include therapeutic and diagnostic components that can be used as a potential delivery mechanism for individualized antithrombotic therapy (tailored for each patient that has thrombosis) [117]. Targeting methodologies and the use of nano-delivery systems for co-delivering thrombolytic medications provide a bright future for prolonging drug therapy in a shorter amount of time and significantly increas-ing therapeutic efficacy through synergistic effects [118] [119]. Overall, individuals with thrombotic illness may greatly benefits from the therapeutic use of molecular theranostics. ...
