Massimo Forni's research while affiliated with ENEA and other places

... The first step in our design evaluates the amount of LRB needed in a cyclotron building. Maximum stress on rubber bearings caused by dead loads must range from 5 N/mm 2 to 10 N/mm 2 [2]. This limit is the maximum limit so that the yield point on the rubber bearing is always stable. ...

... As stressed by Martelli et al. (1996aMartelli et al. ( & 1996b at the 1996 ASME-PVP Conference, large efforts are going on in Italy on the development, validation and application of seismic isolation (SI) and other innovative antiseismic techniques (e.g. passive energy dissipation) for civil and industrial structures. ...

... On May 20th, 2012, at 02:03 UTC (04:03 local time), Emilia region of Northern Italy (Fig. 1) was struck by an earthquake of local magnitude M L 5.9 [1]. The municipalities which suffered the highest damage are San Felice sul Panàro and Finale Emilia. ...

... MISS ("Model of Isolated Steel Structure") had been designed, manufactured and used for shaking table tests at ISMES (now ENEL.Hydro-ISMES) in the framework of the EC-funded Project ENEL et al. (1993), aiming at the development of optimized HDRBs. Then, it had been suitably modified (by adding diagonal braces to allow for the installation of ED devices) and had been successfully used in shaking table tests also at ENEA-Casaccia in the framework of the EC-funded REEDS Project of ENEL et al. (1996), which aimed at the development and optimization ED devices and shock transmitters (see also Martelli et al., 1999Martelli et al., & 2000. Finally, it will also be used for tests planned within the EC-funded SPACE Project of Maurer Söhne et al. (1999). ...

... Recent studies have emphasized the benefits of seismic isolation or the introduction of dissipative devices as a primary retrofitting method (Cucuzza et al. 2023). This technique effectively reduces base shear, minimizes lateral drifts, and prevents inelastic deformations in the structure (Nestovito and Occhiuzzi 2016; Martelli et al. 2014). While seismic isolation is undoubtedly a valuable strategy, the uninterrupted operation of critical infrastructures, such as commercial hubs and airports, is paramount during seismic retrofitting. ...

... Above is mentioned that number of seismically isolated buildings per capita in Armenia is one of the highest in the world [19]. This is evidenced in [20], where it is stated: "It is worthwhile stressing that Armenia remains second, at worldwide level, and has the largest number of building applications of seismic isolation per number of residents, in spite of the fact that it is still a developing country". ...

... It is important to highlight that, for pole-type structures with fundamental periods significantly longer than the resonant period range of earthquake excitations, the effectiveness of base isolation might be compromised due to the contribution of higher vibration modes [54,55]. While the exploration of seismic isolation methods for such flexural poletype structures holds significance, it falls beyond the scope of this paper and warrants further research. ...

... This study did not consider the effect of the variation in mechanical properties associated with high hazard on the torsional response. A series of studies have investigated the impact of design and beyond design basis shaking on base-isolated NPP using low damping rubber (LDR) and lead-rubber (LR) bearings [11][12][13][14][15][16]. The past studies on the base-isolated NPP mainly focused on the lateral response. ...

... The implementation of control devices in buildings and bridges has been investigated by many researchers worldwide. It is reported that over 16 000 building structures around the world have been protected using anti-seismic systems [45]. Passive control, such as seismic isolator, is one of the widely implemented technique. ...

... Base isolation is one of the most efficient and economical structural control measures and can dissipate most of the seismic energy without damage to the superstructure [1][2][3][4]. Most of the practical aspects regarding the concepts and design procedures of base isolation have been addressed by International Building Code 2000 [5] and Eurocode 8 [6]. ...