Masahiko Gosho's research while affiliated with University of Tsukuba and other places
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Publications (187)
The usefulness of moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer has been extensively reported, but there are limited studies on proton beam therapy (PBT) using similar hypofractionation schedules. The aim of this prospective phase II study is to confirm the safety of a shortened PBT course using 70 Gy relative biological ef...
BACKGROUND
The success of liver resection relies on the ability of the remnant liver to regenerate. Most of the knowledge regarding the pathophysiological basis of liver regeneration comes from rodent studies, and data on humans are scarce. Additionally, there is limited knowledge about the preoperative factors that influence postoperative regenera...
Background
The relationships between frailty and clinical outcomes in elderly Japanese patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) after catheter ablation (CA) have not been established. We evaluated the frailty rate of patients undergoing CA for NVAF, examined whether CA for NVAF improves frailty, and analyzed the CA outcomes of patients...
Introduction: For assessing drug safety using spontaneous reporting system databases, quantitative measurements, such as proportional reporting rate (PRR) and reporting odds ratio (ROR), are widely employed to assess the relationship between a drug and a suspected adverse drug reaction (ADR). The databases contain numerous ADRs, and the quantitativ...
OBJECTIVES
The use of cardiopulmonary bypass in cardiac surgery is a major risk factor for postoperative bleeding. We hypothesized that consumptive coagulopathy and hemodilution influence the coagulation factors, therefore we aimed to estimate the activity profiles of coagulation factors II, VII, and X during cardiopulmonary bypass circulation.
ME...
Aims/hypothesis
Previous studies have suggested that glucose variability may accelerate atherosclerosis progression in people with type 2 diabetes. Current guidelines recommend assessing glycaemic control using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), which provides a comprehensive glycaemic profile to supplement HbA1c measurement. However, the associa...
Background:
Approximately 70% of chronic stroke patients experience upper extremity (UE) functional impairments, and UE outcome measures are often used as quality-of-life indicators.
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to estimate minimal clinically important difference (MCID) values for UE outcome measures in chronic stroke patients with m...
We previously reported in the study of preventive effects of alogliptin on diabetic atherosclerosis (SPEAD-A) that alogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, attenuated the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with type 2 diabetes and no history of cardiovascular disease. This extension study of the SPEAD-A trial investig...
Network meta-analysis has been an essential methodology of systematic reviews for comparative effectiveness research. The restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method is one of the current standard inference methods for multivariate, contrast-based meta-analysis models, but recent studies have revealed the resultant confidence intervals of average t...
Purpose:
To investigate the relationship between changes in pulmonary function (PF) and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of lung cancer surgery.
Methods:
We recruited 262 patients who underwent lung resection for lung cancer, to evaluate the PROs, using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire...
Cardiac transcription factors (TFs) directly reprogram fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs), where MEF2C acts as a pioneer factor with GATA4 and TBX5 (GT). However, the generation of functional and mature iCMs is inefficient, and the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain largely unknown. Here, we found that the overexpressio...
Using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) can lead to a bias in regression coefficients for a small sample or sparse data. The bias-corrected GEE (BCGEE) and penalized GEE (PGEE) were proposed to resolve the small-sample bias. Moreover, the standard sandwich covariance estimator leads to a bias of standard error for small samples; several modif...
Mobile applications are increasingly used in healthcare. We have developed a smartphone healthcare application, CALO mama Plus, that can register daily diet, exercise, mood, and sleep quality, calculate dietary intake, and provide advice using artificial intelligence technology. This 3-month randomized controlled trial tested the hypothesis that CA...
Early renal function after living-donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) depends on the “nephron mass” in the renal graft. In this study, as a possible donor-recipient size mismatch parameter that directly reflects the “nephron mass,” the cortex to recipient weight ratio (CRWR) was calculated by CT-volumetric software, and its ability to predict early...
Background: Optimal periprocedural oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy before catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) and the safety profile of OAC discontinuation during the remote period (from 31 days and up to 1 year after CA) have not been well defined.
Methods and Results: The RYOUMA registry is a prospective multicenter observational...
Context
Current guidelines recommend assessing glycemic control using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and HbA1c measurement.
Objective
This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of patients who might benefit from CGM metrics in addition to HbA1c monitoring.
Methods
CGM metrics, specifically time in range (TIR), time below range (TBR), an...
Theoretically, the maximum likelihood estimator has the sandwich-type asymptotic variance-covariance matrix under model misspecification. Its empirical estimator, that is called the robust variance estimator, is consistent. Thus, the estimator is asymptotically valid even under model misspecification. In practice, the robust variance estimator is u...
The adaptive seamless design combining phases II and III into a single trial has been shown growing interest for improving the efficiency of drug development, becoming the most frequent adaptive design type. It typically consists of two stages, the trial objectives being often different in each stage. The primary objectives are to select optimal ex...
Meta-analytic approaches and power priors are often used to incorporate historical controls into the analysis of a current randomized controlled trial. In this study, we propose a method for incorporating multiple historical controls based on a horseshoe prior, which is a type of global–local shrinkage prior. The method assumes that historical cont...
Introduction:
Urinary tract infection (UTI) and pyelonephritis cause urosepsis, which can become life-threating. Sodium dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, a class of oral anti-diabetic drugs, may increase the risk of UTI and pyelonephritis, as observed from their mechanism of action. Patients with diabetes receiving SGLT2 inhibi...
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to examine whether robotic self-training improved upper-extremity function versus conventional self-training in mild-to-moderate hemiplegic chronic stroke patients.
METHODS
Study design was a multi-center, prospective, randomized, parallel-group study comparing three therapist-guided interventions (1-hour sessions, 3×/w...
Aims:
The aim of this study was to define the relationship between time in range (TIR) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods:
The glycemic profile of 999 Japanese patients was analyzed with FreeStyle Libre Pro Continuous Glucose Monitoring (FLP-CGM) while they continued their prescribed gluco...
Background:
Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a main cause of death after partial hepatectomy. The aim of this study was to develop a practical stratification system using the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score and liver resection percentage to predict severe PHLF and conduct safe hepatectomy.
Methods:
Between January 2002 and March 2021, 361...
Introduction:
To determine the relationship between hypoglycemia and glucose variability in outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Materials and methods:
The study participants were 999 outpatients with T2DM who used the FreeStyle Libre Pro for continuous glucose monitoring (FLP-CGM). Hypoglycemia was defined as glucose level of <3.0...
The seamless phase II/III design combining phases II and III into a single trial has been shown growing interest for improving the efficiency of drug development, becoming the most frequent adaptive design type. It typically consists of two stages, the trial objectives being often different in each stage. The primary objectives are to select optima...
Objectives/Hypothesis
Postoperative complications may depend on the systemic inflammatory response. We evaluated the predictive potential of the combination of platelet count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (COP-NLR) for the incidence of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) in patients who have undergone total laryngectomy.
Study Design
Retrospectiv...
Background:
Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) is a criterion to evaluate initial graft dysfunction associated with inferior graft survival and postoperative complications after liver transplantation (LT). This study defined the lactate-to-platelet ratio (LPR) as lactate level immediately post-LT/platelet count on postoperative day 1 and evaluated...
Background: Logistic regression models are widely used to evaluate the association between a binary outcome and a set of covariates. However, when there are few study participants at the outcome and covariate levels, the models lead to bias of the odds ratio (OR) estimated using the maximum likelihood (ML) method. This bias is known as sparse data...
Purpose: To evaluate postoperative patient-reported quality of life (QOL) and pain with and without a metal rib spreader (MRS) in patients with stage I lung cancer who underwent lobectomy through axillary mini-thoracotomy (AMT).
Methods: This single-institution prospective observational study enrolled patients between January 2015 and April 2018. T...
This article illustrates the use of the bcmixed package and focuses on the two main functions: bcmarg and bcmmrm. The bcmarg function provides inference results for a marginal model of a mixed ef fect model using the Box–Cox transformation. The bcmmrm function provides model median inferences based on the mixed effect models for repeated measures a...
Background:
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is becoming the standard device for managing glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and ambulatory glucose profile (AGP) is recommended for use. However, the relationship between AGP indexes and standardized CGM metrics has not been clarified in large-scale studies.
Methods...
In randomised controlled trials (RCTs), the allocated treatment group and covariates are expected to be independent. In the framework of the normal model, omitting covariates affects precision of the treatment effect estimator but does not yield bias in the estimator. However, when covariates are omitted, the treatment effect estimator has a bias i...
There are no large-scale studies on the association between time in range (TIR) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) only. The aim of this study was to define the relationship between TIR and HbA1c levels in Japanese patients with T2DM. The glycemic profile of 999 patients was analyzed with FreeStyle...
Objectives
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy in the oral cavity. Moreover, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been recently implicated in the onset of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) positive and are normally involved in the mechanism by which organisms escape att...
Background:
This study aimed to investigate the association between endocrine therapy and weight gain with a history of breast cancer.
Methods:
This was a retrospective cohort study. Recruited patients consisted of those receiving endocrine therapy and those not receiving endocrine therapy. Weight at diagnosis was collected from medical records,...
Background
Primary tumor location (PTL) is an important prognostic and predictive factor in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Although regorafenib (REG) and trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) have been introduced recently, the clinical impact of PTL in these treatments is not well understood.
Materials and Methods
We r...
Due to the globalization of drug development, multi-regional clinical trials (MRCTs) have been increasingly adopted in clinical evaluations. In MRCTs, the primary objective is to demonstrate the efficacy of new drugs in all participating regions, but heterogeneity of various relevant factors across these regions can cause inconsistency of treatment...
Abstract Background The association between glucose variability and the progression of atherosclerosis is not completely understood. We aimed to evaluate the associations of glucose variability with the progression of atherosclerosis in the early stages. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to investigate the associations of glucose vari...
In single‐arm clinical trials with survival outcomes, the Kaplan–Meier estimator and its confidence interval are widely used to assess survival probability and median survival time. Since the asymptotic normality of the Kaplan–Meier estimator is a common result, the sample size calculation methods have not been studied in depth. An existing sample...
Mixed‐effects models for repeated measures (MMRMs) with an ‘unstructured’ (UN) covariance structure are frequently used in primary analyses for group comparisons of incomplete continuous longitudinal data from drug development trials. However, MMRM‐UN analysis could lead to convergence problems in numerical optimisation, especially in trials with a...
Introduction
Preventing the development and progression of diabetic microvascular complications through optimal blood glucose control remains an important challenge. Whether metrics based on continuous glucose monitoring are useful for the management of diabetic microvascular complications is not entirely clear.
Research design and methods
This is...
Background: The survival benefits of regorafenib (REG) and trifluridine/tipiracil hydrochloride (TFTD) have been demonstrated in chemorefractory patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the effects of crossover administration of REG and TFTD on patient survival remain unclear. The present study evaluated the association between e...
Objective
To clarify the trajectory and profile of quality of life (QOL) in lung cancer patients undergoing surgery during hospitalization.Methods
Among prospectively enrolled 279 patients between 2015 and 2018, we used the EQ-5D-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L), which consist of a descriptive system of five dimensions and a visual analog scale (VAS) (from 0 to...
Background
The preoperative predictors of quality of life (QOL) in patients who undergo lung resection for lung cancer are poorly known. Here, we investigated these predictors in such patients using two QOL measures.
Methods
In this single‐institutional prospective cohort study, we administered the EQ‐5D‐5 levels (EQ‐5D‐5L) from January 2015, and...
Background
RE-CIRCUIT (NCT02348723) and ABRIDGE-J (UMIN000013129) are recently published randomized clinical trials showing that anticoagulation therapy with dabigatran during the periprocedural period of catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) was associated with fewer complications. However, the dabigatran administration protocols wer...
Background
Previous studies have suggested that high mean glucose levels and glycemic abnormalities such as glucose fluctuation and hypoglycemia accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Although continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) that could evaluate such glycemic abnormalities has been rapidly adopted, the as...
In single-arm clinical trials with survival outcomes, the Kaplan-Meier estimator and its confidence interval are widely used to assess survival probability and median survival time. Since the asymptotic normality of the Kaplan-Meier estimator is a common result, the sample size calculation methods have not been studied in depth. An existing sample...
Purpose: Maintenance therapy after oxaliplatin withdrawal is useful in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This study aimed to investigate the timing of discontinuation or reintroduction of oxaliplatin and the optimal maintenance therapy regimen for survival.
Materials and methods: PubMed and conference abstracts were searched to sel...
Background Previous studies have suggested that high mean glucose levels and various glycemic abnormalities such as glucose fluctuation and hypoglycemia accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Although continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) that could evaluate such glycemic abnormalities has been rapidly adopted...
Network meta-analysis has been gaining prominence as an evidence synthesis method that enables the comprehensive synthesis and simultaneous comparison of multiple treatments. In many network meta-analyses, some of the constituent studies may have markedly different characteristics from the others, and may be influential enough to change the overall...
Background
Preventing the development and progression of diabetic microvascular complications through optimal blood glucose control remains an important challenge. Whether metrics based on continuous glucose monitoring are useful for the management of diabetic microvascular complications is not entirely clear.
Methods
This is an exploratory analysi...
![Sensitivity of the traditional and proposed methods for a E[IC] = 0.5,...](publication/341837303/figure/fig2/AS:960042224324617@1605903311994/Sensitivity-of-the-traditional-and-proposed-methods-for-a-EIC-05-b-EIC-1-c_Q320.jpg)
PurposeA Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN) is a signal detection method used by the World Health Organization Uppsala Monitoring Centre to analyze spontaneous reporting system databases. We modify the BCPNN to increase its sensitivity for detecting potential adverse drug reactions (ADRs).Method
In a BCPNN, the information compo...
Likelihood‐based, mixed‐effects models for repeated measures (MMRMs) are occasionally used in primary analyses for group comparisons of incomplete continuous longitudinal data. Although MMRM analysis is generally valid under missing‐at‐random assumptions, it is invalid under not‐missing‐at‐random (NMAR) assumptions. We consider the possibility of b...
Aim/Introduction
There are few studies to investigate between the relationship between macronutrients and longitudinal changes in arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This exploratory study sought to determine whether macronutrients were correlated with increased arterial stiffness independently of conventional atherosclero...
Purpose:
To evaluate the self-sealing on curved single-plane clear corneal incisions (CCIs) after cataract surgery. The collapse of the anterior chamber was made by aspirating the aqueous humor in order to make curved single-plane CCI.
Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted at Asai Hospital in Japan. There were 189 eyes of 132 patients sch...
Background:
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) combined with radiation therapy benefits intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer (PC) patients. The optimal ADT duration in combination with high-dose proton beam therapy (PBT) remains unknown.
Methods:
Intermediate- and high-risk PC patients treated with PBT combined with ADT for various durati...
Importance
Group sequential designs allow potential early trial termination at the interim analysis, before study completion. Traditional maximum likelihood estimate is commonly used to quantify the treatment effect in group sequential design trials; however, in published clinical trials, a bias-adjusted estimator has rarely been reported.
Objecti...
Accelerated failure time (AFT) models give an intuitive estimator for survival data analysis, but there is a risk of model misspecification. As a serious problem of model misspecification, the test size is likely to be far from the nominal level. Many researchers provided asymptotic corrections of various test statistics under model misspecificatio...
Aims:
We aimed to determine whether shortening the duration of P2Y 12 inhibitor therapy can reduce the risk of bleeding without increasing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events following coronary stenting in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
Methods and results:
The SAFE-A is randomized controlled trial that compared 1-month and...
Objective:
The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a simple and well-established nutritional assessment tool and is a significant prognostic factor in various cancers. However, the role of the GNRI in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with advanced head and neck cancer (AHNC) has not been investigated. The aim of the present study wa...
105
Background: In the recent years, primary tumor location (PTL) is considered as an important prognostic and predictive factor in first-line treatment of mCRC. Although regorafenib (REG) and trifluridine/tipiracil (TFTD) have been available recently, the prognostic value of PTL in later-line with these agents is not well understood. TFTD improved...
Objective
While certain lifestyle habits may be associated with arterial stiffness, there is limited literature investigating the relationship between lifestyle habits and longitudinal changes in arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This is an exploratory study to determine whether lifestyle habits, in addition to co...
The mixed effect models for repeated measures (MMRM) analysis is sometimes used as a primary analysis in longitudinal randomized clinical trials. The SE for the treatment effect in the MMRM analysis is usually estimated by assuming the orthogonality of the fixed effect and variance‐covariance parameters, which is the orthogonality property of a mul...
Background
Clinical application of platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) has been accelerated to investigate early recovery from various musculoskeletal conditions. It involves the promotion of tissue damage repair through the action of multiple growth factors at physiological concentrations. The composition of PRP differs based on many factors, which may inc...
Network meta-analysis has been gaining prominence as an evidence synthesis method that enables the comprehensive synthesis and simultaneous comparison of multiple treatments. In many network meta-analyses, some of the constituent studies may have markedly different characteristics from the others, and may be influential enough to change the overall...
Background
Sub-analysis of the adaptive CRT (aCRT) trial demonstrated the potential benefits of the aCRT algorithm over conventional echo-guided bi-ventricular (BiV) pacing in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) with moderately wide QRS (120–149 ms) and normal atrioventricular (AV) conduction.
Methods
Adoption of Adaptive CRT in Patients...
Introduction
A recent study demonstrated that large glucose fluctuations were associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and acute myocardial infarction. However, it is unknown whether glucose fluctuations are related to the incidence of CVD or the progression of atheroscl...
Multiple imputation is a promising approach for handling of missing data. One uncertainty in applications of the multiple imputation to randomized controlled trials with longitudinal data is whether the imputation should be carried out across all subjects simultaneously or by treatment group separately, which leads to two different strategies for b...
Objective:
Oral leukoplakia is keratinized lesions in the buccal mucosa, tongue, and gingiva. It is the most common oral precancerous lesion; oxidative stresses and irrelevant autophagy have been reported to be the cause of oncogenesis. p62, a cytoplasmic protein induced by oxidative stress, is an adaptor protein involved in the formation of prote...
The mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) approach has been widely applied for longitudinal clinical trials. Many of the standard inference methods of MMRM could possibly lead to the inflation of type I error rates for the tests of treatment effect, when the longitudinal dataset is small and involves missing measurements. We propose two...
BACKGROUND
Gait disturbance often occurs in stroke survivors. Recovery of walking function is challenging, as some gait disturbance due to hemiparesis often remains even after rehabilitation therapy, representing a major obstacle towards regaining activities-of-daily-living performance and achieving social reintegration.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims...
Background:
Gait disturbance often occurs in stroke survivors. Recovery of walking function is challenging, as some gait disturbance due to hemiparesis often remains even after rehabilitation therapy, presenting a major obstacle towards regaining activities-of-daily-living performance and achieving social reintegration.
Objective:
This study aim...
Background
Mixed effects models have been widely applied in clinical trials that involve longitudinal repeated measurements, which possibly contain missing outcome data. In meta-analysis of individual participant data (IPD) based on these longitudinal studies, joint synthesis of the regression coefficient parameters can improve efficiency, especial...
Background
Pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer are resected due to the favourable 5-year overall survival rates of 30–60% reported in many studies. However, the efficacy of subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy remains unclear.
Patient and methods
We retrospectively collected clinical data of 1237 patients who underwent surgical resection of pu...
Rhabdomyolysis is one of the most concerning complications of antidyslipidemic drugs. Most patients with dyslipidemia take multiple medications. Our objective was to explore which two‐drug combinations lead to a higher risk of rhabdomyolysis. We analyzed data from the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database between April 2004 and Septem...
Statistical methods for detecting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) resulting from drug-drug interactions (DDIs) have been used in recent years to analyze the datasets in spontaneous reporting systems. We provide the SignalDetDDI macro in SAS to calculate the criteria for detecting ADRs resulting from the concomitant use of two drugs. We outline two cr...
Background: Stroke patients experience chronic hemiparesis in their upper extremities leaving negative effects on quality of life. Robotic therapy is one method to recover arm function, but its research is still in its infancy. Research questions of this study is to investigate how to maximize the benefit of robotic therapy using ReoGo-J for arm he...
Mixed‐effects models for repeated measures (MMRM) analyses using the Kenward‐Roger method for adjusting standard errors and degrees of freedom in an “unstructured” (UN) covariance structure are increasingly becoming common in primary analyses for group comparisons in longitudinal clinical trials. We evaluate the performance of an MMRM‐UN analysis u...
Hypoglycemia is the most important complication of antidiabetic medications. Most patients with diabetes mellitus take multiple medications. In this study, we explored clinical drug‐drug interactions that result in hypoglycemia by analyzing the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database. The primary outcome was the report of hypoglycemia....
Two‐stage designs are widely used to determine whether a clinical trial should be terminated early. In such trials, a maximum likelihood estimate is often adopted to describe the difference in efficacy between the experimental and reference treatments; however, this method is known to display conditional bias. To reduce such bias, a conditional mea...
Treatment-related quality of life (QOL) is an important aspect of diabetes management. However, no studies have compared the influence of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors versus alpha-glucosidase inhibitors on treatment-related QOL. This prespecified sub-analysis of the Linagliptin Study of Effects on Postprandial blood glucose (L-STEP) compared t...
Background:
Although spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) has been classified as a motor neuron disease, several reports have indicated the primary involvement of skeletal muscle in the pathogenesis of this devastating disease. Recent studies reported decreased intramuscular creatine levels in skeletal muscles in both patients with SBMA and t...
Aim:
It remains unclear whether measures used in carotid ultrasonography such as the intima-media thickness (IMT) and ultrasonic tissue characterization of the carotid using the gray-scale median (GSM) can add prognostic information beyond the conventional cardiovascular risk markers in patients with diabetes.
Methods:
This study employed a comb...
This is the first multi-institutional retrospective survey of the long-term outcomes of proton therapy (PT) for prostate cancer in Japan. This retrospective analysis comprised prostate cancer patients treated with PT at seven centers between January 2008 and December 2011 and was approved by each Institutional Review Board. The NCCN classification...
Background:
Ultrasonic gray-scale median (GSM) of the carotid wall reflects its composition and low-GSM carotid plaque is considered to be vulnerable. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, on the longitudinal change in GSM, an index of the tissue characteristics of the carotid wall, in patients...
788
Background: A number of retrospective studies reported that 5-year survival rate was 30-60% in patients who underwent curative resection of pulmonary metastases (PM) from colorectal cancer (CRC), and PM-CRC resection was recommended in clinical practice. Efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy after resection of PM remains unclear. Therefore, using a...
Background:
We evaluated the prognostic potential of the combination of platelet count and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (COP-NLR) in patients with advanced head and neck cancer.
Methods:
We proposed a modified COP-NLR scoring system defined as follows: score 0 (platelet count level <300 × 109 /L and NLR <3); score 1 (platelet count level ≥300...
Introduction:
Ultrasonic tissue characterization of the carotid wall using gray-scale median (GSM) reflects its composition and low-GSM plaque is considered to be unstable. The present study evaluated the effect of alogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, on the longitudinal change in GSM, an index of the tissue characteristics of the carot...
Chronic neutropenia is a rare hematological entity characterized by isolated neutropenia without anemia or thrombocytopenia. The diagnostic criteria and classification of chronic neutropenia have been more elusive in adult cases than pediatric cases. We herein propose the Reference Guide for Adult Chronic Neutropenia. In this guide, diagnosis of ch...
Purpose
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a widely used antifibrinolytic agent that can also cause a decrease in vascular permeability. We hypothesized that TXA could improve macular edema (ME) that is caused by an increase in retinal vascular permeability. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of oral TXA for ME associated with retinal vein occ...
In network meta-analyses that synthesize direct and indirect comparison evidence concerning multiple treatments, multivariate random effects models have been routinely used for addressing between-studies heterogeneities. Although their standard inference methods depend on large sample approximations (eg, restricted maximum likelihood estimation) fo...
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, and is associated with poor prognosis. Autophagy is a programmed cell survival mechanism involved in physiologic processes and various diseases including cancer. However, the relationship between autophagy and cancer is controversial. Several studies have claimed that th...
Introduction:
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors reduce blood glucose in a dose-dependent manner, but the dose-dependent effect relationship between DPP-4 inhibitors and atherosclerosis has not been investigated.
Methods:
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with insulin were randomized to the sitagliptin (n = 137) or con...
Purpose
Intraocular pressure (IOP) increases in patients in a steep Trendelenburg position during robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP). We hypothesized that a steep Trendelenburg position during RALP, an unusual systemic condition involving a transiently increased IOP, may induce ocular pathology that can be detected by detail...
Background:
This study compared the efficacy of regorafenib and trifluridine/tipiracil (TFTD) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who are refractory to standard chemotherapy, because despite their clinical approval, it still remains unclear which of these two drugs should be used as initial treatment.
Materials and methods:
The...
Citations
... The other characteristics (i.e., living status, education level, occupational status, fluency with French, health coverage, and SIDEP + usage for blood tests) were considered to have a mixed effect (i.e., these variables may have both a constant and varying influence on the outcome across individuals within groups). To identify the most appropriate analytical model, the Maximum Likelihood Estimation approach was utilized [21,[40][41][42]. The model with the lowest Akaike Information Criterion score for each self-reported measure was chosen and subjected to the Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) approach [21,[40][41][42]. ...
... Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is an underlying factor for coagulopathy following cardiac surgeries due to major blood loss that often necessitates allogenic blood transfusions and reoperations. Two major mechanisms are theorized to contribute to CPB-mediated coagulopathy, namely consumptive coagulopathy and haemodilution due to priming solution [1]. These complexities may stem from several unresolved dilemmas in the field. ...
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... High glycemic variability is closely related to vascular function 21,22 and is a critical predictor of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients 23 . The amelioration of endothelial injury is more pronounced in patients with a better TIR 24 . ...
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... Because there are rarely sufficient studies available for all of the variance-covariance parameters in to be identified, the equal variance assumption is adopted in most cases ( ⋯ ) 6,14 . We also consistently adopt this assumption in the present study. ...
... MEF2C also regulates the proliferation of CPCs and is involved in developing the heart's conduction system. A recent study found that overexpression of transcriptionally activated MEF2C (in combination with GATA4 and TBX5 (GT)) significantly improves the efficiency and maturity of iCM generation (Kojima et al. 2023). ...
... There are two primary reasons for the emergence of this issue: (1) the availability of data is adequate, but the amount of labeled data is limited, and (2) the dataset itself has a limited amount of data. In practical tests, the second reason has been found to be the primary contributor [3,4]. The few-shot problem can cause significant overfitting in deep learning models during training. ...
... Waist circumference significantly improved (intervention vs. control: p < 0.01). The included articles were published between 2013 [54] and 2023 [61,68], and 15 of them were performed in the USA [40][41][42]45,46,51,54,55,58,[62][63][64][65]67], 9 in Europe [38,39,47,49,56,57,59,61,66], 5 in Asia [43,47,52,60,68] and 2 in Australia [44,50]. Both genders were represented in most studies, except in two studies that did not report this information [50,54], and two studies that included only women [47,48]. ...
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... However, it should be noted that this study was an analysis of a limited number of patients (n = 203) who answered the 5-item frailty index among the patients registered in the RYOUMA registry. 5 Furthermore, the number of patients who were judged to be frail before CA was very small (26 patients), and the number of cases was limited. Additionally, frailty comprises various elements. ...
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... HbA1c reflects the average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months, yet it can be influenced by clinical conditions such as liver and kidney diseases, and it does not promptly capture short-term glucose fluctuations. Time in Range (TIR) is a valuable indicator in continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) [18], but its application in clinical settings is limited due to scope and accuracy constraints. Despite this, HbA1c remains the primary choice for assessing glucose management in diabetes patients [19], and the Global Renal Prognosis Improvement Organization recommends maintaining HbA1c levels at 7% as an effective strategy for reducing microvascular complications in diabetes. ...
... Studies in the literature on ketoacidosis, acute renal failure, pancreatitis, Fournier's gangrene, and UTIs associated with SGLT-2 inhibitors through the FAERS database are extensive. [30][31][32][33][34] Our study differs from others in the literature as it specifically examines the relationship between the most commonly documented infectious adverse events and the combination of SGLT-2 inhibitors with metformin. Although the study by Mohammad et al. 35 evaluated the UTIs and genital fungal infections resulting from this combination, its short duration, lack of empagliflozin and metformin combination, and absence of ROR analyses distinguish our study from theirs. ...
