Mary Brennan's research while affiliated with University College Dublin and other places

... The analysis of the US Comics Corpus, with its 200 publications from different genres spanning almost eight decades, offers a clear picture of the representation of Irish speech in American comic books. The findings are remarkably similar to those of previous studies into Irish speech in American pop culture -be it in the form of comic books, joke books or animated TV series (Walshe 2012(Walshe , 2013(Walshe , 2020(Walshe , 2023) -suggesting that the main ways of conveying Irishness have become enregistered in American minds. In this study, once again, it is noticeable that in the twentieth and early twenty-first century Irish pronunciation is conveyed primarily via allegro speech forms, rather than by the more extensive consonant and vowel substitutions that were typical of nineteenth-century caricatures and cartoons. ...

... Turning to organized small-scale political discussions among citizens in contemporary mass societies, such as citizens' assemblies, consensus conferences, and school board meetings, we observe that females are less present (Beauvais, 2020;Donahue, 1997; but see Jacobs et al., 2009) and are at times less vocal compared to males (e.g. Han, Schenck-Hamlin, & Schenck-Hamlin, 2015;Parthasarathy, Rao, & Palaniswamy, 2019; but see Donahue, 1997;Kostovicova & Paskhalis, 2021), especially when the discussions are public and females are fewer in numbers (Harris, Farrell, Suiter, & Brennan, 2021;Karpowitz et al., 2012). But again, when looking at how citizens talk politics in such settings, most studies point towards a lack of pronounced female-male differences. ...