Magnus B. Lilledahl's research while affiliated with Norwegian University of Science and Technology and other places

... In the current study we have directly compared ACs and BM-MSCs (referred to as MSCs in the following text) as cell candidates for tissue engineering of hyaline cartilage using a scaffold-free strategy to make cartilage discs (Frerker et al., 2021). We observed that ACs made thicker cartilage than MSCs, and propose an explanation for why this occurs. ...

... X-ray diffraction computed tomography (XRD-CT) is a 3D generalization of the conceptually simpler 2D (Mürer et al 2021a), by scanning the sample with a pencil beam and using the scattered or diffracted signal to reconstruct 3D images. Recall that owing to the short wavelength of x-rays of ∼1 Å, comparable to the interatomic spacing in condensed matter, x-ray diffraction gives atomic resolution (Als-Nielsen and McMorrow 2011). ...

... As with most soft tissues, networked collagen fibers at the microscale constitute the major load-bearing structures and they drive the macroscale mechanical properties of the colorectum. The relationship between microscopic collagen structures and macroscopic mechanical properties of soft tissue is reported in many other biological tissues like the skin (Reihsner and Menzel 1998), tendon and cartilage (Ker 1999;Maier et al. 2019;Szarek et al. 2020), and blood vessels (Hariton et al. 2007). Arhan et al. (1976), Dall et al. (1993), Drewes et al. (2001), Petersen et al. (2001), Drewes et al. (2006) Human ...

... While these conditions are defensible from a methodological perspectivebecause they limit confounding variablesit means that caution should be used when applying the resulting findings to contextually different learning situations (Persson et al., 2019). A possible solution to this problem was demonstrated by Merkt et al. (2011), who replicated their experimental study of various levels of video interactivity in a quasi-experimental secondary school setting. ...

... Zhang et al. [13] found that the denaturation temperatures of collagen from sturgeon scale, skin, and cartilage were 29.6, 26.8, and 36.3 • C, respectively. Romijn et al. [14] estimated the χ33/χ31-ratio for type I collagen in tendon and type II collagen in cartilage was 1.33 and 1.36, respectively. This was determined by polarization-resolved second harmonic, which cannot be easily used to differentiate collagen types. ...

... The look-up table was calibrated by measuring the optical polarization state at the back focal plane of the microscope objective lens using a rotating linear polarizer (LPNIRB050-MP2, Thorlabs) and a power meter (S170C, Thorlabs). By coordinating the orientation of these two waveplates, the polarization was maintained at >90% linearly polarized for all measurements [40]. ...

... Even more detailed methods involving photon-excitation fluorescence microscopy techniques are being explored to detect changes in collagen fibrils and cell morphology as predictors of OC lesion progression in pig models (Finnoy et al., 2018). These more recent technologies challenge the "goldstandard" histological techniques and offer exciting methods to improve the understanding of physiological changes involved in the initiation, progression, and potential healing of OC lesions. ...

... Regarding τ, no study has investigated its extent in the same animal model and by applying the same testing method. Although τ can be highly variable and dependent on the site, articulation, model from which AC is retrieved, and testing method [27,38], the values computed are close to those highlighted by a previous study focusing on a different animal model (i.e., porcine), which evaluated the same articulation with the same testing method [29]. ...

... 24 Vessels are believed to fail because they traverse junctions between biomechanically different tissues, such as the junction between growth cartilage and subchondral bone 24,34 and the junction between perichondrium and growth cartilage at sites where ligaments also attach. 10 In epiphyseal growth cartilage, vascular failure results in ischemic necrosis of chondrocytes outside diffusion distance from alternative sources, known as osteochondrosis latens. 6,19,24,34 With time, the ossification front advances to surround the area of necrosis and this causes a delay in endochondral ossification, or osteochondrosis manifesta. ...

... However, important differences exist: it is a coherent process sensitive to the phase-matching conditions where the measured signal arises from constructive/destructive interferences, it is also instantaneous and free from photobleaching as the signal conversion is due to a structural arrangement and does not involve electronic transition 8 . SHG microscopy has been used to image fibrillar collagen in specimens including type II collagen in articular cartilage [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . Furthermore, because of its coherent nature, the detection of the signal in the direction of propagation (forward -F) provides different imaging features compared to the backward (B) direction 17 . ...