M R Griffin's research while affiliated with Vanderbilt University and other places

... The mean age of participants was 59 years, and about 50.5% of patients were men. A total of 41 studies presented data on incident users [43,[48][49][50][51][52][54][55][56]62,[65][66][67]70,71,74,[83][84][85]97,101,[104][105][106][107]114,118,119,[123][124][125][126]128,129,133,150,153,154,161,165,167]. A total of 30 studies reported the number/proportion of adherent patients treated with biguanides [41,57,59,65,70,71,76,84,85,87,97,99,100,114,118,119,123,128,130,133,136,142,143,146,149,153,159,161,171,172], 23 with insulin secretagogues [41,43,52,59,65,66,70,71,76,84,97,99,123,128,133,136,142,146,149,159,165,171,172], 13 TZDs [41,59,65,66,70,71,84,123,133,142,143,149,159], 19 with DPP-4i [41,[50][51][52][65][66][67]84,99,101,121,123,125,126,137,142,143,149,159], 8 with SGLT-2i [43,[48][49][50]123,124,142,157], and 7 with α-glucosidase inhibitors [41,84,99,123,142,149,159]. ...

... BZRAs' sedating effects in the elderly, possibly causing falls and fractures. The initial landmark case-control study of the effects of BZRAs on hip fracture rates that started the modern field of pharmacoepidemiology is a case in point (7). That study compared BZRA recipients to nonrecipients without adequately controlling for the preexisting increased risk of fractures among BZRA recipients. ...

... Previous findings indicate the use of sedatives [15] and diuretics [39] to be risk factors for injurious falls. The use of short-acting benzodiazepines [40], psychotropic drugs [19,41], drugs causing hypotension [41], long-acting psychotropic drugs and sedatives [6] and a high number of prescribed medications is related to injurious falls requiring medical treatment, and the use of sedatives [42] is associated with falls leading to fractures. Prolonged use of thiazides diminishes the risk of fractures due to falls [43]. ...

... We used data on hospitalization for pneumonia from multiple sources. We obtained data for the pre-PCV relative to PCV7 eras from Simonsen et al. (24), Foote et al. (25), and Grijalva et al. (26), and for the PCV7 relative to PCV13 period from a 2005-2014 study (27) and Tong et al. (28). In addition, we used estimates of the difference in hospitalization incidences during the PCV7 period from Grijalva et al. (23). ...

... Eliminating the pain and problems involved in the need for multiple injections, considerably reducing the cost involved ( Table 1) cumulative exposure to preservatives and stabilizers like gelatin, 1 and maximizing the compliance with immunization schedules, combination vaccines are recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Family Physicians, and the Advisory Committee on Immunization practices. 2 But combination vaccines have one major drawback. While they do combine the positives of the individual vaccines, these combinations at times result in unexpected side effects. ...

... However, improvements in indoor air quality were very modest, and no reduction in ARI or pneumonia incidence was observed in the IHIP intervention group, although the assessment may have been limited by the small number of cases that occurred during follow-up [10]. In contrast, in a subset of children participating in the IHIP and the RESPIRA-Peru studies, we previously reported significantly lower influenza ARI rates in subjects in the intervention arm compared with the control arm of the IHIP study [33]. However, risk of influenza ARI was significantly lower in children in either arm of the IHIP trial compared with children from households that did not participate in IHIP. ...

... However, among new users, this risk further escalated to 1.93 times (1.09-3.42, p = 0.02) [10]. ...

... This hypocalciuric effect provides therapeutic opportunities, for instance, in idiopathic hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis. Furthermore , long-term effects of thiazides include increased bone mineral density and decreased fracture risk (Ray et al. 1989). Mutations in the gene encoding NCC were shown to cause Gitelman's syndrome, a recessive disorder with a phenotype resembling chronic thiazide administration including hypocalciuria (Ellison 2000; Gitelman et al. 1966; Ray et al. 1989; Reilly and Ellison 2000; Simon et al. 1996). ...

... This is likely related to a combination of the effect of aging on autonomic function, the coexistence of systemic diseases that impair autonomic reflexes, and the presence of aggravating factors, such as volume depletion, deconditioning or polypharmacy. The average patient with OH is 70 years old, suffers from multiple comorbidities, and is taking 14 medications [11]. There is plenty of opportunity, therefore, for these aggravating factors to unmask OH in patients with marginal compensatory autonomic reflexes. ...

... Obesity has been considered a risk factor for various infections, with post-infection complications and increased mortality from serious infections [44]. Obesity has been shown to have deleterious effects on host immunity, mainly increasing the risk of infectious susceptibility and severity [45,46]. Furthermore, for the other comorbidities and addictions analyzed, no association was found between the percentage of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the presence of reinfection. ...