Kai Yang's research while affiliated with Sun Yat-Sen University and other places

... Additionally, rates of children in poverty [37] have been shown to indirectly affect diabetes prevalence. The percentage of residents who smoke [38] and the percentage of Hispanic residents [39] also indirectly influence diabetes rates. ...

... [2] It is established that high branchedchain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with insulin resistance and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). [3] However, it is largely unknown whether in utero exposure to high BCAAs also plays a role in adverse childhood growth patterns. We used 8-year children follow-up data of a case-control study nested within a population-based prospective cohort of pregnant women in Tianjin, China, to examine associations between maternal BCAAs levels in early pregnancy and obesity-related growth patterns if any, in offspring at 1-8 years of age. ...

... As its pathophysiology arises from IR and has commonalities with T2DM, ceramides play important, yet unclear roles in GDM. Changes in specific ceramide concentrations (increased 18:0, 18:1 and decreased ceramide 24:0) in early pregnancy increase the risk of GDM [77]. Decreased ceramide 24:0 concentrations were reported in the only study in full-term pregnancies complicated by GDM [26]. ...

... During the docking procedure, the default parameters were selected, and the Lamarckian genetic algorithm was employed for the computation of the binding free energy (BFE). Subsequently, ten distinct poses were generated for the docking, with variations in their binding energy, wherein the complex structure exhibiting the minimal BFE was deemed the ultimate conformation, and the BFE was considered as the designated docking score [33]. Additionally, the prediction of the inhibition constant (Ki) corresponding to the conformation was applied using the ADT. ...

... THs are also conjugated by hepatic SULTs and UGTs. Previous studies have shown that halogenated contaminants such as PBDEs and PCBs can affect SULT and UGT activity (Leonetti et al., 2018;Wang et al., 2020a;Webb and McNabb, 2007), and potentially affect clearance of TH. ...

... This controversy continues in its role with GDM, where some studies report positive associations between TMAO levels and GDM [39,40], while others report a negative [41,42] or no association [43]. A recent study measured plasma TMAO and its metabolic precursor, TMA, and found the conversion of TMA to TMAO conversion ratio (TMAO:TMA) was inversely associated with GDM, while TMA levels were positively associated with GDM [44]. Moreover, the highest levels of circulating TMAO are achieved after fish consumption, a dietary pattern known to have beneficial effects on health [38]. ...

... Conditional binary logistic regression was performed to estimate the ORs and 95% CIs of levels of TMAOs for the risk of GDM in univariate and multivariate analyses. Because it is uncertain whether levels of individual TMAO metabolites (TMAOs) were linearly associated with the risk of GDM (19), we used the restricted cubic spline analysis nested in the conditional logistic regression analysis in univariate and multivariate analyses to examine the full-range associations between TMAO levels and the risk of GDM (20). As suggested, three knots were used in the analysis because the sample was not large (21). ...

... Combined with the results of in vivo distribution experiment, anwulignan was primarily distributed in the liver after entering the body, and its metabolites were also primarily distributed in the liver, indicating that the liver may be the main organ in which anwulignan can play a role. Some studies have found that anwulignan has an obvious inhibitory effect on carboxylesterases 2 in the liver, and the inhibitory effect is the strongest among many Schisandra lignans (Fu et al., 2019). Anwulignan is mainly metabolized in the way of demethylation, hydroxylation, dehydroxylation, and demethoxylation, and studies on other Schisandra lignans have also shown that demethylation and hydroxylation are the main metabolic ways of lignans (Liu et al., 2014;Su et al., 2016;Liu et al., 2019;Wang et al., 2020). ...

... After 5-min pre-incubation at 37 C, the reactions were initiated through adding 5 mM of UDPGA. The incubation time has been described in the previous literatures Yang et al., 2018). The metabolic reaction was terminated through adding the equal volume of ice-cold acetonitrile with 100 mM of 7hydroxycoumarin as the internal standard. ...