Jitka Feberová's research while affiliated with Charles University in Prague and other places

Příspěvek shrnuje zkušenosti s online výukou patologické fy - ziologie i jejími dopady na úroveň znalostí studentů, nároky na organizaci, zaškolení učitelů a využití různých formátů pro tvor- bu a realizaci online výuky. Naznačuje cesty, jak využít online výuku jako nedílnou součást prezenční výuky i v “postcovidové době”.

Recently we have created a new open‐source technology called BodyLight.js which combines the current standard for web‐based applications including Web‐Assembly for fast computation of mathematical models, web components for building independent transferable objects, and WebGL for involving 3D graphic [1 , 2] . We have published methodology and implementation of several models of the cardiovascular system [3] . We have been creating graphical components in 2D and recently in 3D which can be used as animations in simulation application. There are numerous steps involved when going from an idea to a finished project. In this contribution we describe the workflow going from concept to mathematical model and computer graphics to an educational simulation application. This workflow is presented by building a simulation game of hemodynamics of the cardiovascular system. Each step of the workflow can be executed by different domain expert. Physiologist designs concept, mathematician writes and implements mathematical models and executable model simulation programs, graphical designer produces graphical objects based on design concepts which can be animated in simulation programs, and software engineer maintains the system. However, all these professionals need to be able to understand each other and work together. Physiologists must be able to grasp the physiological significance and to tell mathematician how to formalize the problem. Mathematicians and software engineers need to understand physiology in order to produce plausible and verifiable model simulation application. Computer graphics designers must be skilled in programming as they need to produce animated objects that can be used in simulation applications. This connection of expertise is crucial, and was already proposed e.g. by N. Wiener in his works about Cybernetics [4] . We demonstrate that such creative connection of individuals with combined and shared expertise can produce high quality educational materials. Support or Funding Information MPO TRIO FV20628, MPO TRIO FV30195 Collaborative workflow designing simulator of pressure‐volume loop cycle of hemodynamics model using Bodylight.js software tools. Figure 1

Application of old Comenius credo “Schola Ludus” ‐ school by play ‐ is found in current multimedia educational games in a classroom. However, it is essential that educational games can be operated on multiple platforms and devices. Since the beginning of the current millennium, the Internet and mainly world‐wide‐web based technologies and standards are widely adopted by different types of user computing devices ‐ i.e. smartphones, tablets, and computer desktops regardless of the operating system on them. Internet browsers (or web browsers) have been changing dramatically in the last few years and have been adopting and implementing web‐based standards and APIs. Recently, we have created a new technology combining some of the current web standards including Web‐Assembly for fast computation of mathematical models, web components for creating independent transferable objects, WebGL for involving 3D graphics. Additionally, we have created a tool for composing educational applications, which might include a simulator that runs in a web browser on all platforms and operating systems. Our tool and related technology are called BodyLight.js. An article about BodyLight.js was published in the Journal of Internet Medical Research ( https://www.jmir.org/2019/7/e14160/ ). BodyLight.js ( https://bodylight.physiome.cz/ ) is still in active development offered as open‐source software and opens up the possibility for creating a whole new kind of electronic publication linking hypertext, multimedia, and web‐based simulation games. Bodylight.js enables the creation of next‐generation electronic textbooks that use a computer, tablet or smartphone not only as a display device but as a simulation tool accompanying interpretation through simulation games and interactive images driven by a mathematical model in the background. One of the first applications created by this technology is the simulation of the integrated physiology of blood gas exchange, cardiovascular disorders, and acid‐base balance. We have been testing this application in the lectures of pathological physiology. It seems that the inclusion of a set of simulators significantly improves understanding of this non‐trivial topic by students compared to traditional forms of teaching. Support or Funding Information MPO TRIO FV20628, MPO TRIO FV30195 The key software tool for web application design is Composer. Composer is a web application ‐ an interactive design tool that educators, graphics designers, and modelers work with. It allows to visually create an HTML simulator, that can be used on any browser capable device. Figure 1 Pressure‐volume loop simulator was developed using Bodylight.js software tool. The model‐controlled image displays atrial and ventricular filling, as well as valve opening and closing during the cardiac cycle. Students can pause the simulation and track the names of the cardiac cycle phases, atrial and ventricular pressures and volumes, pulmonary artery, and aortic pressures, and the current point on the pressure‐volume loop. Figure 2