J McIlhenny's research while affiliated with Virginia Department of Health and other places

... Causes of vomiting attributed to etiologies outside the GI tract include intracerebral abnormalities such as subdural collections, drugs or toxic agents, and medical conditions such as kernicterus, metabolic disorders, and/or renal problems. [2][3][4][5] Not all causes of vomiting during the first 3 months of life present in the same manner. Differentiating diagnostic considerations among neonates with various forms and presentations of vomiting can be reviewed by noting key clinical information and the imaging workups for 3 common vomiting scenarios in neonates. ...

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The Vomiting Neonate: A Review of the ACR Appropriateness Criteria and Ultrasound’s Role in the Workup of Such Patients

... Year Study Type Term Period n Scans n Cases Beretsky [4] 1983 case report cholelithiasis 1 Heijne [9] 1985 case report gallstones 1 Klingensmith [10] 1988 case report gallstones 1 Schirmer [11] 1989 case report cholelithiasis 1 Abbitt [12] 1990 case report gallstones 1 Broussin [13] 1990 case report cholelithiasis 3 Devonald [14] 1992 retrospective gallstones 1990 1.104 7 Brown [5] 1992 retrospective/prospective echogenic material 1984-1991 17/9 Suchet [15] 1993 case report cholelithiasis 1 Clarke [16] 1994 case report cholelithiasis 1 Petrikovsky [17] 1996 case report sludge 5 Stringer [18] 1996 case report gallstones 3 Sepulveda [19] 1996 case report echogenic material 1 Table 1 provides a synthesis of the studies evaluated in the present paper. Thirty-four articles published from 1983 to 2022 were included, reporting on a total of 226 fetuses with EC. ...

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Echogenic Content in the Fetal Gallbladder: Systematic Review of Ultrasound Features and Clinical Outcome

... It is a venous ectasia secondary to an arteriovenous (a-v) shunt between deep choroidal vessels and the median prosencephalic vein of Markowski; vein of Galen fails to form because of the fistula [27]. Often, the pathology is identified through ultrasonographic examinations in fetal age [23,28], though MRI can deliver a more precise characterization. ...

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Pediatric encephalic ultrasonography: the essentials

... A malpositioned central venous catheter may lead to incorrect measurement of central venous pressure and also cause more serious complications such as thrombosis and thrombophlebitis, 18,22 specifically cerebral venous thrombosis, 23,24 when located in the IJV. In this regard, our results suggest that the SCV may not be a safe choice for catheterization in infants. ...

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Comparison of Central Venous Catheterization Sites in Infants

... Congenital defects encompass both structural and functional abnormalities, which originate from the failure of normal forebrain development during embryonic life (Roach et al., 1975;Dennis and Leipold, 1979). Holoprosencephaly denotes a developmental disturbance in the central nervous system (CNS), leading to the incomplete cleavage of the prosencephalon into two cerebral hemispheres (Leipold, 1986, andWilson et al., 1989). Two primary types of defects can be distinguished: one is characterized by paired orbits and a diminished olfactory region (cebocephalia), while the other typically exhibits a single median orbit 2 and substantial reduction or absence of olfactory structures (cyclopia) (Diogo et al., 2019). ...

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Unveiling a rare case: cyclopia and its radiographic features in a non----descript primiparous heifer

... Craniopharyngiomas rarely present in the neonatal period, therefore their CUS characteristics have not been frequently described. In 1988, Hurst et al. [26] described a craniopharyngioma in a 1-day-old newborn, presenting at CUS as a suprasellar heterogeneous mass with hyperechoic shadowing images compatible with calcifications; hydrocephalus was also reported. Likewise, intracranial lipomas are rare and have seldom been described in neonates but their CUS appearance is typically that of a hyperechoic mass [27], often associated with anomalies of the corpus callosum. ...

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Neuroimaging appearance of hypothalamic hamartomas in monozygotic twins with Pallister-Hall syndrome: case report and review of the literature

... 1 There are several reported cases of familial IACs and several genetic syndromes in which IACs occur including autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, acrocallosal syndrome, and Aicardi syndrome. [2][3][4][5] Typically, IACs are asymptomatic and found incidentally on imaging. 6 However, there are documented cases of cyst enlargement, and larger cysts and recent head trauma have been identified as risk factors for rupture and hemorrhage. ...

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Infection of arachnoid cyst associated with vasospasm and stroke in a pediatric patient: case report

... Less commonly, bowel becomes entrapped in a small hernia, producing a large pleural effusion. Sonography can be useful in rendering a diagnosis [33]. ...

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Imaging of round pneumonia and mimics in children