Gen He's research while affiliated with Ocean University of China and other places

... FM substitution often causes liver damage and other symptoms in cultured fish, and its internal mechanism is due to anti-nutrient factors such as saponins and gossypol in plant proteins (Tian et al., 2018). For example, He et al. (2017) discovery the gossypol and soybean saponins suppress TOR and activate ISR signaling and promote catabolism, and concanavalin-A cause inhibited insulin/IGF1/Akt signaling and consequently lead to apoptosis. Supplementing vitamin E, quercetin and curcumin in the feed will help reduce MDA, serum ALT and AST concentrations, and increase the antioxidant capacity of the fish (Mahmoud et al., 2017;Qiang et al., 2019). ...

... There exists compelling evidence that suggests the potential involvement of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) pathway in the adaptive response of L. vannamei to low salinity conditions (Farhadi et al., 2022b). Additionally, numerous studies have identified several genes that are implicated in the salinity adaptation of L. vannamei, including carbonic anhydrase, Na + /K + -ATPase, alkaline phosphatase (PhoA and PhoB), IGFBPs, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), alanyl aminopeptidase (ANPEP), and others (Farhadi et al., 2022a(Farhadi et al., , 2023Feng et al., 2023;Liu et al., 2015;Pan et al., 2014). Recently, aquaporin genes (LvAQPs) have been identified and characterized in L. vannamei. ...

... TG and CHO levels decreased with an increase in DDGS in the diet. Research conducted by Sui et al. (2023) has shown that stress levels in crustaceans can be assessed by monitoring their glucose levels. Previous studies, such as the one conducted by Mercier et al. (2006), have established that an increase in glucose levels indicates stress in shrimp. ...

... Methionine supplementation in other fish species has been a practice to meet the nutritional requirement and improve their growth performance, feed efficiency, and body protein deposition (Alami-Durante et al. 2018;Costa et al. 2021;Sui et al. 2023). However, suppose its levels are imbalanced (deficiency or excess). ...

... The PPAR and AMPK signaling pathways are two of the signaling pathways that control lipid homeostasis in organisms, including fish [56,57]. The de novo lipogenesis pathway in the liver is responsible for converting excess glucose into fatty acids [58,59] and involves the rate-limiting processes tightly catalyzed by acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD). ...

... However, the intestinal lipase activity was depressed by excessive dietary lysine, indicating the digestive function of P. leopardus was adversely affected by the imbalance of dietary amino acids. Previous studies have also confirmed that excessive lysine level might inhibit lipase activity [24,27]. Hence, appropriate dietary lysine enhanced digestive enzyme activities and thereby might improve the digestion and growth of P. leopardus. ...

... Consistent with the above results of intestinal immune and inflammatory responses, the current result of intestinal morphology indicated an appropriate replacement level (less than 25%) of fishmeal with ECGGR did not impair the digestion and absorption capacity or lead to enteritis, but an excessive replacement level did. In line with our results, intestinal injuries caused by excessive replacement of fishmeal were found in largemouth bass [50], turbot [61], pearl gentian grouper [57], and common sole [54]. Therefore, it is crucial to regulate substitutive levels within appropriate limits to prevent any detrimental effects on the structure and function of the intestines. ...

... HIF1α, a key transcriptional regulator of the adaptive response to hypoxia, can also be activated by oxygen-independent regulatory pathways such as growth factors, immune cytokines and antioxidant factors [72]. The slc38a9 mutation inhibited the HIF1α protein level, which furtherly caused hypoxic stress dysregulation and reduced the ability to tolerate hypoxia in zebrafish (Danio rerio) [73]. Keap1-NRF2 activation is associated with HIF1α upregulation in selected cancer types [72]. ...

... Fish development and metabolic regulation are significantly influenced by the TOR signaling system, a critical signaling route that controls protein metabolism (Conde-Sieira and Soengas 2017;Gao et al. 2022). TOR activation and fish metabolism and food utilization regulation have also been shown to be strongly correlated in numerous studies (Yuening et al. 2018;He et al. 2021;Yu et al. 2022). Additionally, our earlier research has shown that the TOR signaling pathway regulates protein turnover, growth, and metabolism in Turbot and its muscle cells Jiang et al. 2017;Wang et al. 2021). ...

... Feeding PA improves feed conversion ratio and increases live bird weight and breast fillet weight in broilers [14]. Exogenous PA improves the growth performance of turbot [15] and mechanically PA activates mTOR signaling, increases protein synthesis, lipogenesis, and glycolysis, and stimulates primary muscle cell proliferation in turbot [16]. Given that PA is a potential growth promoting supplement that can be incorporated in artificial diet of bivalves, this study is particularly interested in examining the effects of PA on mTOR and its metabolic pathways in bivalve species such as razor clam, which is an important mariculture bivalve that widely distributed in China, Japan, and Korea. ...