G. Cammarota's research while affiliated with Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli and other places

... Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a prevalent healthcare-associated infection with a recurrence rate of 15-20% and a mortality rate of 5% [1][2][3]. Its incidence is rising in both adults and children, posing a significant challenge in healthcare settings globally [4][5][6]. Risk factors for CDI include advanced age, hospitalization, certain underlying illnesses like cancer and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), recent antibiotic usage such as cephalosporins and quinolones [7,8], and the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) [5,9]. IBD is an independent risk factor for CDI, even in the absence of traditional risk factors [10]. ...

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Comparative Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Treating Refractory or Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection among Patients with and without Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

... MC has two subtypes: lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC), both subtypes are very similar clinically and histologically, as the chronic inflammation in the mucosa is the core of the disease. In addition, the clinical features in both subsets are similar, marked by chronic non-bloody diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal pain [7][8][9] . However, one major difference is observed on a biopsy where CC is featured by the subepithelial collagen band, whereas the infiltrative intraepithelial lymphocytes in the mucosa, features LC. ...

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Fecal calprotectin - a valuable predictor of microscopic colitis

... Therefore, the quality monitoring and improvement system, made up of key performance indicators, must be consolidated and ambitious, as it is generally the primary means of verification and measurement that ensures continuous quality of care improvement. 8 However, due to the information asymmetry that characterizes the doctor-patient relationship, patient centeredness, patient empowerment, and a better relationship between the patient (and his family members) and the doctor can play a fundamental role in exploring the patient's preferences and values, monitoring his degree of satisfaction and helping him to make the right choices. ...

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Definition of a tool to assess shared decision‐making (SDM) on women with breast cancer: A value‐based approach

... In addition, 27 studies were excluded due to Inadequate information (n = 10), pediatric majority population (n = 6), and unoriginal articles (n = 11). Ultimately 14 studies were included in our systematic review [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. All papers were observational studies; 12 articles assessed the risk of COVID-19 infection in CD patients [12][13][14][15][16][17][19][20][21][22][23][24], nine articles evaluated the outcome of COVID-19 infection in CD patients [11, 14-18, 20, 21, 24], and eight articles provided information on CD patients GFD status [12, 13, 15-17, 21, 22, 24] characteristics of each study is summarized in Table 1. ...

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Celiac disease and COVID-19 in adults: A systematic review

... The growing interest in the study of the human microbiota has led to the evidence that many organs, that were once supposed to be sterile, also host their resident gut microbial communities. Interestingly, microorganisms residing in different body districts are not compartmentalized but crosstalk, through to the release of endotoxins and metabolites, that can then reach other microbial populations through the bloodstream [1]. The microbiota is the group of microbe populations living in the human body, and it includes bacteria, archaea, and viruses [1]. ...

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Microbiota and Myopericarditis: The New Frontier in the Car-Diological Field to Prevent or Treat Inflammatory Cardiomyo-Pathies in COVID-19 Outbreak

... Faecalibacterium prausnitzii did not decrease in SUDD patients, according to a recent study involving 15 SUDD patients and 13 asymptomatic diverticulosis patients 21 . Another study showed that most patients (5/7) with diverticular disease who received rifaximin treatment had an improvement in Faecalibacterium abundance 22 ...

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Gut microbiota and risk for the diverticular disease of intestine

... Previous studies found that there was a signi cant decrease in bacterial counts and alterations in microbial communities in the GERD and Barrett's esophagus groups [7,8]. Alteration of microbial diversity including decreased Veillonella and Streptococcus and higher level of Lactobacillus, Enterobacteriaceae and Akkermansia are associated with EAC [9]. However, diverse esophageal microbiome in human ESCC are less well characterized. ...

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Characterization of the Esophageal Microbiota in Patients with Esophagitis and Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

... After excluding studies that included patients with endoscopically active disease or did not provide sufficient information on the relevant subgroup or outcome, our final study cohort included 28 unique studies examining the association between histologic activity and relapse in endoscopically quiescent IBD (Tables 1 and 2). Of these, 1 study examined patients with CD, 18 with the remaining 27 describing patients with UC. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] The studies varied in their geographic distribution (12 from Europe, 7 from North America, 7 from Asia, and 1 each from Australia and South America). A similar proportion of studies were prospective (54%) or retrospective (46%) in design. ...

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Treat to Target: The Role of Histologic Healing in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

... Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective and safe treatment for refractory or recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rrCDI) [9,[26][27][28][29][30], endorsed by international guidelines [10,15,[31][32][33][34][35][36]. In contrast to standard antibiotics, which can exacerbate gut dysbiosis and contribute to CDI, FMT works by reinstating the normal microbial community structure and function in the gut [37]. ...

Reference:

Comparative Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Treating Refractory or Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection among Patients with and without Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

... The communication mechanism is turned off or blocked without destroying the bacteria's cells. The selective pressure and the rate of AMR during treatment are both reduced as a result of this technique (Bhardwaj et al. 2013;Hentzer and Givskov 2003 and others are frequently used (Holleran et al. 2018;McEwen and Fedorka-Cray 2002;Gargiullo et al. 2019). ...

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Superbugs: a constraint to achieving the sustainable development goals