Frank A. Biafora's research while affiliated with Johns Hopkins University and other places

... The sub sample assessed in the present paper consisted of approximately 28 percent White non-Hispanic, 25 percent African American, 24 percent Cuban, and 23 percent nonCuban Hispanics. A full description of the context and design associated with the earlier (i.e., first three waves) study has been reported by elsewhere (Warheit, 1998), as well as a summary of the findings (). A detailed summary of Time 4 and 5 data collection has also been published (Turner & Gil, 2002). ...

... concluíram que a prevalência de problemas e casos clínicos de PCA em etnias minoritárias e culturas não ocidentais, é significativamente inferior às culturas ocidentais, outros (e.g.,Fisher, Pastore, Schneider, Pegler, & Napolitano, 1994; Le Grange, Staiger, & Glowinaki 1997;Warheit, Langer, Zimmermann, & Biafora 1993), revelaram que muito embora a prevalência de quadros clínicos como a anorexia e bulimia nervosas sejam consideravelmente inferiores em grupos étnicos minoritários, os problemas e quadros parciais das PCA são igualmente comuns.Esta alteração na perspectiva da distribuição dos problemas e psicopatologias alimentares pode significar que (1) a suposta protecção relativamente ao desenvolvimento das PCA em etnias minoritárias não ocidentais está a desaparecer; ou (2) que existem factores etiológicos distintos envolvidos no desenvolvimento dos quadros parciais e dos quadros clínicos destas perturbações.As evidências sugerem ainda, muito claramente, que não existe uma etnia ou cultura imune ao desenvolvimento das PCA. O aparecimento de casos clínicos ou sub-clinicos de PCA em culturas nãoocidentais como Singapura(Pate, Pumariega, Hester, & Garner, 1992), Paquistão(Mumford, Whitehouse, & Choudry, 1992) ou no Egipto(Nasser, 1994) revelam que as psicopatologias e os problemas do comportamento alimentar surgem um pouco por todas as culturas. ...

... Hughes and Chen (1997) identified that such conversations can entail preparing BIPOC children for bias and providing them with coping mechanisms to manage discriminatory situations, or (less commonly) by teaching children not to trust members of other racial groups. Indeed, by some estimates, nearly 70% of Black adolescents report having engaged in family conversations about prejudice and racism (Biafora et al., 1993). More recent work documents such conversations among Black families with sons who are 12-15 years old, and note that parents communicate the need to appear obsequious, especially in encounters with law enforcement officials, to remain safe (Diaquoi, 2017). ...

... Socioeconomic status risk factors include low socioeconomic status, exposure to community violence, drug use in the community, community disorganization, having five or more siblings, and living in a neighborhood where young people are in trouble. [17][18][19]22,24,27,[30][31][32][35][36][37][45][46][47][49][50][51][52]55,57, Clinical characteristics (Table 4) associated with correlates for violence in adolescents were organized into the following categories: substance use; depressive symptoms; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); impulse control; temperament and personality trait; and psychopathy. Cigarette, alcohol, and other illicit substances were found to be risk factors and can be classified under substance use. ...

... Immediate family members were identified to have negative influences when they instigate relationship and communication problems, and contribute to drug use, conflicts within the family, poor family cohesion, and high parent derogation (Gil, Vega, and Biafora 1998;Lloyd 1998). Moreover, the possible risks from the neighborhood predicted substance abuse, which is associated with less protective factors such as individual coping and drug refusal skills among people who use drugs or PWUDs (Scheier et al. 2001) as well as experiences of exclusion, crime, and deprivation from their social network (Lloyd 1998). ...

... 7 Adolescents of European ancestry begin drinking at an earlier age and drink greater quantities with more frequency than adolescents of African ancestry. [53][54][55] It is also noteworthy that endorsement of alcohol use is much lower among African American adolescents in comparison with their white counterparts, which has been suggested to be, in part, a result of greater levels of disapproval of substance use among African American populations. 56 Rates of alcohol use in this sample were comparable to the prevalence found nationally. ...

... Aksi vandalisme dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, menurut Taylor (1997) bahwa the result related to risk factors and socialdeviance suggest that the number of family risk factors was correlated withboth vandalism and major deviance. Artinya, bahwa hasil korelasi yang didapatkan terhadap faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi dalam terjadinya penyimpangan sosial menunjukkan bahwa faktor terbesar yang memengaruhi adalah dari keluarga dengan terjadinya vandalisme dan penyimpanganpenyimpangan pada umumnya. ...

... Most research has found that promotion of mistrust messages are associated with negative outcomes for children, including depression, deviance, and lower social competence (Granberg et al. 2012;Hughes et al. 2006). These studies overwhelmingly focus on African-American families and show that youths who receive racial mistrust messages are more likely to engage in deviant behavior, commit crime, react aggressively toward others, and have poorer school performance (Caughy et al. 2006;Smith et al. 2003;Taylor et al. 1994;Biafora et al. 1993). In addition, when youths were given messages to be cautious around Whites, they were more likely to feel closer to Blacks and support black separatism (Demo and Hughes 1990). ...

... Research on the experiences and mental-health problems of older people who are members of ethnic-minority groups remains limited, thus the main aim of this study was to shed light on associations between emotional distress, discrimination, and self-esteem among the Bedouin Arab and Jewish elderly in Israel. Previous studies have shown no differences in the prevalence of emotional distress among elders of ethnic minority vs. ethnic majority groups (Biafora, 1995;Harralson et al., 2002;Jimenez et al., 2010;Kim et al., 2000). Others have shown that the incidence of emotional distress is even lower among ethnic-minority elders (Callahan and Wolinksky, 1994;Harralson et al., 2002;Murrel, 1983Murrel, , 1989Willging et al., 2018;Zhung et al., 1998). ...

... Generally, peer smoking is found to influence smoking outcomes among adolescents (Racicot, McGrath, Karp, & O'Loughlin, 2013) and young adults (Harakeh & Vollebergh, 2012). Peer smoking is seen as a consistent risk factor among American Indian (Unger, Baezconde-Garbanati, & Soto, 2004), Asian (Xie, Palmer, Li, Lin, & Johnson, 2013), Hispanic (Warheit et al., 1995) and White adolescents (Hestick et al., 2001). Findings on the influence of peer smoking are mixed. ...