Fiorenzo Paronetto's research while affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and other places

... The number of mononuclear phagocytes in the liver infiltrate has been reported to be greater in patients with more active disease, with a higher percentage of newly recruited cells (34,35). In addition, these cells are in close contact with the damaged hepatocytes, suggesting the involvement of mononuclear phagocytes in the lytic attack (33,34). In the present study, we show that cultured human liver FSC secrete the specific monocyte chemoattractant MCP-1, and that MCP-1 gene transcripts are expressed in these cells. ...

... physiologic functions in both humans and experimental animals. When consumed in excess, alcohol alters normal immune function, evident in the increased frequency and severity of infections seen in alcoholic patients (Hoerner et al., 1986;Kaplan, 1988;MacGregor, 1986;Paronetto, 1985;Roselle et al., 1995;Wolfe et al., 1993). Cellmediated and humoral immune responses are affected, which impairs delayed hypersensitivity and elevates serum immunoglobulin levels (Hoerner et al., 1986;Izumi et al., 1989;Kaplan, 1988;MacGregor, 1986;Mili et al., 1992;Paronetto, 1985;Vlock, 1991). ...

... Alteration of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) have been found in HBV positive chronic active hepatitis (CAH) including decreases in the number of T Lymphocytes (De Horatius, Strickland & Williams, 1974), abnormal T lymphocyte responses to lectins (Sodoman, Haveman & Martini, 1974), loss of T suppressor activity (Chisari et al., 1981a) and enhanced cytotoxicity to heterologous or autologous liver cells (Wands & Isselbacker, 1975;Chisari et al., 1981aChisari et al., , 1981b. Moreover patients with CAH have been reported to have circulating immune complexes and autoantibodies directed against liver cell antigens (Paronetto & Popper, 1976). ...

... In early studies, HBsAgwasapparently found mainly in the nuclei (Coyne et al., 1970; Nielsen and Elling, 1971), whereas, more recently, it has been observed only in the cytoplasm (Hadziyannis et al., 1972; Shikata, 1973). It now seems likely that the antisera employed in the earlier immunofluorescent studies also contained antibodies directed at the hepatitis B core-antigen (HBcAg) or against nuclear proteins (Gerber and Paronetto, 1974). Moreover, nuclear staining has never been observed with orcein (Shikata et al., 1974; Deodhar et al., 1975). ...

... The maturation of the immune system coincides with the "evolvement" of gut microbiota, which happens in the first three to five years of age [32]. The gut bacteria influence the development of both innate and adaptive immunity [58][59][60]. Moreover, the effects of the microbiota extend to the peripheral sites as well as central lymphoid tissues, including bone marrow, where hematopoiesis can be affected [61][62][63][64]. ...

... The other, LM-Ag, is a target for antibodies found mainly in the sera of patients with HBsAg-negative CAH and either does not readily produce antibody responses in animals or is not a component of purified LSP (although it may have been present in the crude LSP preparations used in earlier studies). The relationship between these antigens and the murine cell membrane liver-specific antigens studied by Behrens & Paronetto (1978) is as yet unknown. ...

... Support for immune involvement in ALD is found in the detection of autoantibodies to various antigens found in the serum of chronic ethanol-fed rats or patients with alcohol induced liver injury. These autoantibodies include; CYP2E1 (11), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) (12) hydroxyl ethyl free radicals (13), acetaldehyde/malondialdehyde modified protein adducts (14–18), liver specific protein (LSP) (19,20), and liver membrane protein (LMA) (21,22), all of which have been shown to play a role in alcohol liver disease. The ability of these chemicals or proteins to modify cell surface membranes or cellular material under the right conditions could help break tolerance and initiate an autoimmune response. ...

... In contrast, the existence of a human liver specific determinant could not be shown in this study, confirming the work of other authors who failed to show liver specific antibodies when rabbits were immunised with liver specific lipoprotein. 18 A monoclonal antibody was, however, recently reported to react with a liver specific component from rabbit liver specific lipoprotein.19 Whether such determinants also exist in human liver specific lipoprotein will require the production of a larger library of antibodies. ...

... Pervious studies reported that there were same numbers of monocytes in both patients with CHB and normal control (McFarlare et al., 1977;Colombo et al., 1977;Prieto et al, 1989). ...

... We used three components of a commercial kit (Corab) for the determination of antiHBc: reaction trays, HBcAg-coated beads, and '251-labeled antiHBc. (9). Wells were then exposed to 10 1zL of serum pellets that had previously been treated with 10 ML of a 10 mL/L solution of NP 40 detergent (Nonidet P 40; Bethesda Research Labs., Rockville, MD 20850) in distilled water at 37 #{176}C for 30 mm. ...