January 2016
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Importance: Biological nitrogen fixation is a central process in the global nitrogen cycle by which the abundant but chemically inert dinitrogen (N2) is reduced to ammonia (NH3), a bioavailable form of nitrogen. Nitrogen reduction is catalyzed by nitrogenases found in diazotrophic bacteria and archaea, but not in eukaryotes. All diazotrophs synthesize molybdenum-dependent nitrogenases. In addition, some diazotrophs including Rhodobacter capsulatus possess catalytically less efficient alternative Mo-free nitrogenases, whose expression is Mo-repressed. Despite the importance of Mo in biological nitrogen fixation, this is the first study analyzing the proteome-wide Mo response in a diazotroph. IscN was recognized as a novel member of the molybdoproteome in R. capsulatus. It was dispensable for Mo-nitrogenase activity but supported diazotrophic growth under Mo-limiting conditions.