Eman Fathy's scientific contributions

Accurate blood pressure (BlP) measurement is fundamental to the diagnosis and management of hypertension. Blood pressure measurement is one of the most important preventable causes of premature morbidity and mortality in the world. Design: A descriptive research design was used to conduct this study. Objective: To identify factors affecting accurate measurement of blood pressure for patients in the medical departments. Setting: The study was carried out in the medical departments (Cardiology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology) at the Alexandria Main University Hospital. Subjects: All available nurses (100 nurses) who are working in the previously mentioned setting. Tool: Blood Pressure Measurement: Observational Checklist (BPMOC) was used in order to collect data. It includes data related to the following parts; Part I: Sociodemographic characteristics, Part II: Blood pressure measurement checklist, Part III: Factors affecting accurate blood pressure reading. Results: Imply statistically significant differences between nurses and researcher measurements of blood pressure. The most affecting factors which found were cuff size, cuff over clothes, resting 3-5 minutes, emotional status, talking during measurement (P ≤ 0.05). There was also a highly statistically significant difference regarding factors of: empty bladder before measurement and suitable time during measuring (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Accuracy of blood pressure measurements was affected by the factors mentioned before. Recommendations: Guideline manual should be available in the medical units. All nurses who are working in the medical units especially newly recruited nurses should attend in-service training program about accurate Bl P measurements.

Needle stick injuries remain a common factor in exposure of healthcare workers especially nurses to blood-borne viruses. Objective: To assess risk factors contributing to needle stick injuries reported by nurses. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Setting: This study was conducted in three University Hospitals: Alexandria, Beni-Suef and Aswan. Subjects: 300 nurses (100 nurses from each hospital) working in the previously mentioned setting was taken represent different medical-surgical departments and outpatient clinics. Tool: Two tools was developed by the researchers in order to collect pertinent data in this study [10,13]. Tool I: Assessment interview qeustionnair sheet, it includes; Part I: Socio-demographic characteristics of nurses, Part II: Nurses' Knowledge Regarding Needle Stick Injuries. Tool II: Risk Factors Associated to Needle stick injuries, it includes Part I: Factors related to Nurses and part II: Factors related to organization. Results: The main results revealed that the most common factors contributed to Needle stick injuries were presence of stressors inside work, no hospital protocol regarding Needle stick injuries process management, lack of continuity of supervision regarding Needle stick injuries and lack of training about how to avoid Needle stick injuries respectively. Conclusion: The occurrence of Needle stick injuries is most often encountered among nurses in a heavy work area full of stressors in the absence of hospital protocol, supervision, and training program regarding Needle stick injuries prevention. Recommendation: Additional educational & training programs, regular reporting protocol, follow up and assessment of exposures are recommended for all nurses in the community involved in this study.

Needle stick injuries remain a common factor in exposure of healthcare workers especially nurses to blood-borne viruses. Objective: To assess risk factors contributing to needle stick injuries reported by nurses. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Setting: This study was conducted in three University Hospitals: Alexandria, Beni-Suef and Aswan. Subjects: 300 nurses (100 nurses from each hospital) working in the previously mentioned setting was taken represent different medical-surgical departments and outpatient clinics. Tool: Two tools was developed by the researchers in order to collect pertinent data in this study [10,13]. Tool I: Assessment interview qeustionnair sheet, it includes; Part I: Socio-demographic characteristics of nurses, Part II: Nurses' Knowledge Regarding Needle Stick Injuries. Tool II: Risk Factors Associated to Needle stick injuries, it includes Part I: Factors related to Nurses and part II: Factors related to organization. Results: The main results revealed that the most common factors contributed to Needle stick injuries were presence of stressors inside work, no hospital protocol regarding Needle stick injuries process management, lack of continuity of supervision regarding Needle stick injuries and lack of training about how to avoid Needle stick injuries respectively. Conclusion: The occurrence of Needle stick injuries is most often encountered among nurses in a heavy work area full of stressors in the absence of hospital protocol, supervision, and training program regarding Needle stick injuries prevention. Recommendation: Additional educational & training programs, regular reporting protocol, follow up and assessment of exposures are recommended for all nurses in the community involved in this study.

Plasmapheresis is one of new modalities used for diseases that result through autoimmune disorders. Plasmapheresis is powerful for emergent management in critically sick patient also it is fast and safe. Plasmapheresis is used in critically ill patients to remove destructive antibodies, toxins, medications and clotting factors from the circulation. Self-efficacy is a significant concept in positive psychology and relates to the person's perception of their ability to reach a goal. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting self-efficacy for patients undergoing plasmapheresis. Descriptive design was utilized in this study. The study was carried out in Neurology department at Recovery Building at Mansoura University Hospital. Convenient sample, which include all patients who attend to the previous mentioned hospital for three days per week from 9 am to 11am for who are willing to participate in the study through six months. Two tools were used in data collection; Tool I a structured Interview Questionnaire, Tool II Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scales. The current study revealed that patients treated with plasmapheresis had low self-efficacy scores with mean 51.37±33.58. This study concluded that, patients undergoing plasmapheresis had low self-efficacy which might be due to these factors that affect the average self-efficacy such as age, disease type, diagnosis duration, chronic diseases, previous hospital admission and family history had a significant effect on patients' self-efficacy who were under plasmapheresis procedure. This study recommended that; Standardized teaching guidelines should be applied at neurology department for patients undergoing plasmapheresis procedure in order to help in improving their self-efficacy.