Charles B. Pratt's research while affiliated with St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and other places

... Camptothecin-based topoisomerase I poisons are effective in the treatment of some pediatric sarcomas [15,43], Wilms tumor [44] and other childhood malignancies [45] alone, or in combination with other cytotoxic agents [15,43,46,47]; thus, the marked antitumor activity of PLX038A was anticipated. The pediatric cancer models used in this study were highly volume responsive to PLX038A; hence, this gave an opportunity to determine whether initial response, in terms of tumor regression, correlated with EFS. ...

... Despite a report on serious drug reaction that was noted on intravenous carboplatin and topotecan given together, the authors did not encounter a similar effect in any of the 35 patients. [27] Carcaboso et al. and ...

... Incidence of local recurrence after first complete remission in other pediatric malignancies such as Ewing sarcoma and primary localized rhabdomyosarcoma is 25% and 22%, respectively [4,5]. The relevance of an adequate local control is underscored by the worse outcome observed in patients that develop local failure after initial complete remission [6]. ...

... Retinal detachment can also be seen which is an important finding for defining tumor growth patterns which can be either endophytic or exophytic or even a combination of the two. Regardless of the advantages of ultrasound it is still not recommended to evaluate the metastatic risk factors which carry a high prognostic value and also because of the obscuration of the optic nerve due to the calcifications 6 . CT scans are effective in the determination of tumor growth. ...

... A safer cytotoxic agent for IVi is the topoisomerase inhibitor topotecan, as shown in preclinical models and in human eyes of the single agent at doses up to 30 mg or in combination with melphalan (72,75,(82)(83)(84). As previously discussed, protracted schemes of topotecan and thus, high and prolonged vitreous exposure would be desirable to leverage antitumor efficacy without the need for further IVi injections (50,85). Three weekly doses of 15 mg or 30 mg topotecan were reported as nontoxic to the rabbit eye (75). ...

... In smaller studies concerning single sarcoma subtypes, the incidence occasionally exceeds the abovementioned percentages. Additionally, the proportions differ significantly between different subtypes, i.e., for alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS), the incidence of BM is between 16 and 30% and for Ewing's sarcoma, 3.3-40% (Al Sannaa et al. 2016;Chou et al. 2011;Malouf et al. 2019;Mendes et al. 1999;Parasuraman et al. 1999;Paulino et al. 2003;Yoshida et al. 2000). ...

... We felt that the pediatric and adult populations represent distinct cohorts and did not want to mix these populations, as they may have a diferent likelihood of having incidentally found pulmonary nodules. Indeed, Kaste et al. found the number of nodules and bilateral nodules on initial staging CT scans to be predictive of true metastatic disease in their cohort of pediatric patients with osteosarcoma [20]. As such, the efect of indeterminant pulmonary nodules on the prognosis of pediatric patients with bone sarcoma should be considered and studied of its own accord. ...

... We need to bear in mind, however, that patients with SOS will have often been treated with less intensive chemotherapy regimens than those deemed appropriate nowadays. 30,31 Many patients with SOS cannot be given full doses of anthracyclines or methotrexate because of all their past systemic treatments. On the whole, the treatment plans adopted for the DCOG-LATER 17 cohort were the same for SOS as for a first OS, though the agents administered were not reported in detail. ...

... Thus, even the lack of data for the third rationale is the result of the yet unstudied fourth rationale, that neoadjuvant chemotherapy makes local control surgery easier or safer. While a number of modalities have been tested with regard to their value in noninvasively measuring the treatment effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the primary tumor prior to local control surgery, no modality has been sufficiently successful at predicting the treatment effect to be widely adopted by sarcoma treatment centers [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . While evaluation of changes between prechemotherapy and post-chemotherapy MRIs has not proven to accurately predict histologically confirmed treatment effects, these MRIs are still almost universally used by surgeons to plan local control resections 15 . ...

... Ovarian metastases in childhood are usually hematogenous in contrast to those found in adult patients [3]. McCarville et al. [157] studied 18 children with ovarian metastases and reported that half of the cases derived from colon adenocarcinoma and the remaining ones from alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, Burkitt lymphoma, Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma and retinoblastoma. ...