Chandrasekhar Cheemalamarri's research while affiliated with Acharya Nagarjuna University and other places

The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of Amycolatopsis thermoflava producing 1-O-methyl chrysophanol (OMC), a member of the hydroxyanthraquinone family. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated initially through in silico analysis against tumor necrosis factor- α and cyclooxygenase-2. The same activity was further confirmed based on the in vitro protein denaturation method as well as in vivo by a carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats. The OMC compound was isolated, purified, and characterized from the fermentation broth of Amycoloptosis thermoflava. In vitro data revealed that the OMC possesses significant protein denaturation properties with an IC50 of 63.50±2.19 µg/ml higher than the standard drug, with an IC50 value of 71.42±0.715 µg/ml. The percentage of inhibition in paw swelling was observed to be 40.03±5.5 in OMC-treated group, which is comparable to the standard group (52.8±4.7). The histopathological evaluation and immunohistochemistry revealed the anti-inflammatory potential of OMC.

Schizo-saccharomyces pombe (S.pombe) has been playing a pivotal role in biotech industries as a source of glucans; a biological response modifiers (BRM) and also been studied as a model strain for recombinant proteins in molecular biology. Owing to the presence of > 60% glucans in their cell wall structure, the present research was designed to understand the effect of nutrient regulation on growth of S.pombe (Italic form to economize the glucan production. The study was performed using two different media; yeast extract with supplements (YES) and yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) and the YPD medium was noticed to be the best and cost-effective for maximum growth of S.pombe Thereafter, a sequential optimization studies, starting with one factor at a time (OFAT) methodology followed by two step statistical approach Placket-burmann design (PBD) and Response surface methodology (RSM) improved the biomass yield from 14-34.5 g/L (1.5-fold) at shake flask level. Mass transfer of media components, temperature, dextrose and yeast extract have played significant role in metabolism mediated growth of the S.pombe. The major finding of the present study is non-significance of peptone in enhancing the S.pombe biomass. Validation of the above at bioreactor level with dextrose at 4%, rpm at 200, temperature at 28 o C and yeast extract at 2% increased the biomass yield from 34.5-52 g/L.

Anthraquinones (AQ), unveiling large structural diversity, among polyketides demonstrate a wide range of applications. The hydroxy anthraquinones (HAQ), a group of anthraquinone derivatives, are secondary metabolites produced by bacteria and eukaryotes. Plant-based HAQ are well-studied unlike bacterial HAQ and applied as herbal medicine for centuries. Bacteria are known to synthesize a wide variety of structurally diversified HAQ through polyketide pathways using polyketide synthases (I, II & III) principally through polyketide synthase-II. The actinobacteria especially the genus Streptomyces and Micromonospora represent a rich source of HAQ, however novel HAQ are reported from the rare actinobacteria genera (Salinospora, Actinoplanes, Amycoloptosis, Verrucosispora, Xenorhabdus, and Photorhabdus. Though several reviews are available on AQ produced by plants and fungi, however none on bacterial AQ. The current review focused on sources of bacterial HAQ and their structural diversity and biological activities along with toxicity and side effects.

Anthraquinones (AQ), unveiling large structural diversity, among polyketides demonstrate a wide range of applications. The hydroxy anthraquinones (HAQ), a group of anthraquinone derivatives , are secondary metabolites produced by bacteria and eukar-yotes. Plant-based HAQ are well-studied unlike bacterial HAQ and applied as herbal medicine for centuries. Bacteria are known to synthesize a wide variety of structurally diversified HAQ through polyketide pathways using polyketide synthases (I, II & III) principally through polyketide synthase-II. The actinobacteria especially the genus Streptomyces and Micromonospora represent a rich source of HAQ, however novel HAQ are reported from the rare actinobacteria genera (Salinospora, Actinoplanes, Amycoloptosis, Verrucosispora, Xenorhabdus, and Photorhabdus. Though several reviews are available on AQ produced by plants and fungi, however none on bacterial AQ. The current review focused on sources of bacterial HAQ and their structural diversity and biological activities along with toxicity and side effects. ARTICLE HISTORY