Aubrey R Turner's research while affiliated with Wake Forest School of Medicine and other places

... Prompt Prostate Genetic Score (PGS) (Stratify Genomics, San Diego, California) is a commercially available germline assay incorporating risk-associated genetic variants to provide a score indicating susceptibility to PCa (13)(14)(15). In this study, we used an existing model of PCa incidence and progression recalibrated to match the variation in risk of disease diagnosis across risk strata in a screened cohort with known Prompt PGS results. ...

... SPON2 expression is induced by the thyroid hormone (4,5) in human cancer. Kim JW et al. observed a negative correlation between the methylation status of SPON2 and its gene expression (6). Furthermore, the expression of SPON2 is associated with microRNAs (miRNAs) (7). ...

... The authors rightly point out that a more extensive study with collection of the humanistic aspects of the patient-provider interaction is needed with a larger sample size to understand what is mediating the patient experience. Future studies could assess the treatment decisionmaking preferences of the participants and the providers, measure the quality of the shared decision making, and can include a survey to assess the knowledge of the patients about the treatment options, their risks, benefits, and side effects after the patient and physician interactions.13 Overall, this study does suggest that Black men recruited into a research study, designed to capture the outcomes of a diverse cohort of patients with prostate cancer, experience similar degrees of quality in several health care quality metrics to White men. ...

... The underlying pathogenic mechanism for these variants is loss of DNA repair function, often due to frameshift or premature stop alterations causing protein truncation [3]. In addition to DDR genes, multiple genetic variants associated with prostate cancer risk have been found in the HOXB13 gene [4,5] in different ancestral populations, including European (eg, G84E) [6], Japanese (G132E) [7], and Chinese (G135E) [8] populations. Unlike pathogenic DDR gene variants, these HOXB13 variants result in alterations in a single amino acid, and while useful for early disease screening, there is little evidence supporting their prognostic and treatment utility. ...

... Genetic risk scoring in prostate cancer first started in 2008 when a five SNP PRS was shown to account for 46% of all prostate cancer cases when combined with family history in a cohort of Swedish men (Zheng et al., 2008). The validity of this score was confirmed in a United States population (Salinas et al., 2009) and, subsequently, multiple additional SNPs have been identified that provide incremental improvement in predicting biopsy positive prostate cancer, compared with family history alone (Kader et al., 2012;Sun et al., 2013;Liss et al., 2015). The genetic score acts independently of reported family history, indicating additional benefit (Amin Al Olama et al., 2016). ...

... GWASs have facilitated both the generation and evaluation of new hypotheses in basic science and clinical research over the last decade (Claussnitzer et al., 2015;Price et al., 2015;Turner et al., 2012). Most GWASs have been conducted in European populations, with relatively less comprehensive genetic information for other underrepresented populations (e.g., Arabic, Indian). ...

... EHBP is encoded by the EHBP1 gene, and this protein has been shown to portray a role in actin reorganization and endocytic trafficking [57]. Polymorphism in this gene at the single nucleotide level has been reported to cause prostate cancer [58]. SLF2 is a DNA damage response pathway gene that functions by regulating genomic stability by post-replication repair of damaged DNA [59]. ...

... Many genetic studies have identified PCa being linked to specific loci, Table 1. The major ity of these studies were once again initially performed in men of European or Asian de scent and many of these described loci have not been identified as being linked to PCa in men of African descent (PCa African loci) [42][43][44][45][46][47]. Some of the loci associated with PCa in men of European descent showed much lower effects, no effects, or even completely op posite effects in men of African ancestry [48]. ...

... Some of the most well-known risk SNPs for PCa in the Asian Indian cohort from genomewide association studies (GWAS) include rs16901979 and rs1447295 in the 8q24 region, rs10896449 in the 17q12 region, and rs6983267 in the 10q11 region. [21,22] However, it is important to note that having a risk SNP does not guarantee that an individual will develop PCa. Other factors, such as age, family history, and lifestyle, also play a role in determining a person's overall risk of developing the disease. ...

... In the ROC analysis, the pooled AUC estimate including 16 studies was 0.63 (95% CI 0.62-0.64), with some increment in discriminative capacity in addition to PSA, age, and family history [11][12][13]. In an analysis including PRS combined with clinical predictor variables, such as PSA, with 7 studies, the AUC increased to 0.74 (95% CI 0.68-0.81). ...