Asher A. Friesem's research while affiliated with Weizmann Institute of Science and other places
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Publications (434)
We introduce a method to enhance the phase-locking quality and duration of an end-pumped laser array by precisely shaping its pump beam to overlap with the array. Shaping the pump beam results in a significant improvement in lasing efficiency and reduces the pump power required to reach the lasing threshold compared to a typical uniform pumping con...
Quenched disorder is commonly in the context of many body systems such as a varying magnetic field in interacting spin models, or frequency variance of interacting oscillators. It is often difficult to study the effect of disorder on these systems experimentally, since it requires a method to change its properties in a controlled fashion. In this w...
Phase locking of coupled lasers is severely hindered by the spread in their natural lasing frequencies. We present an intra-cavity adaptive optics method that reduces the frequency spread and thereby improves phase locking. Using an intra-cavity spatial light modulator and an iterative optimization algorithm, we demonstrate a fourfold enhancement o...
Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, and particularly parity-time (PT) and anti-PT symmetric Hamiltonians, play an important role in many branches of physics, from quantum mechanics to optical systems and acoustics. Both the PT and anti-PT symmetries are specific instances of a broader class known as anyonic-PT symmetry, where the Hamiltonian and the PT ope...
Tailoring modal competition inside lasers is enabling novel sources of complex light—and new approaches to light-based computation.
The ability to control the chirality of physical devices is of great scientific and technological importance, from investigations of topologically protected edge states in condensed matter systems to wavefront engineering, isolation, and unidirectional communication. When dealing with large networks of oscillators, the control over the chirality of...
A many-mode laser with nonlinear modal interaction could serve as a model system to study many-body physics. However, precise and continuous tuning of the interaction strength over a wide range is challenging. Here, we present a unique method for controlling lasing mode structures by introducing random phase fluctuation to a nearly degenerate cavit...
Full-field imaging through scattering media is fraught with many challenges. Despite many achievements, current imaging methods are too slow to deal with fast dynamics, e.g., in biomedical imaging. We present an ultrafast all-optical method where a highly multimode self-imaging laser cavity is built around the reflective object to be imaged and the...
A unique approach for steady in-phase locking of lasers in an array, regardless of the array geometry, position, orientation, period or size, is presented. The approach relies on the insertion of an intra-cavity Gaussian aperture in the far-field plane of the laser array. Steady in-phase locking of 90 lasers, whose far-field patterns are comprised...
We demonstrate the generation of chiral super-modes in a network of symmetrically-coupled lasers by applying an on-site complex potential, a combination of loss and frequency detuning, and adjusting it to an exceptional point.
Our ability to generate new distributions of light has been remarkably enhanced in recent years. At the most fundamental level, these light patterns are obtained by ingeniously combining different electromagnetic modes. Interestingly, the modal superposition occurs in the spatial, temporal as well as spatio-temporal domain. This generalized concept...
The ability to control the chirality of physical devices is of great scientific and technological importance, from investigations of topologically protected edge states in condensed matter systems to wavefront engineering, isolation, and unidirectional communication. When dealing with large networks of oscillators, the control over the chirality of...
A many-mode laser with nonlinear modal interaction could serve as a model system to study many-body physics. However, precise and continuous tuning of the interaction strength over a wide range is challenging. Here, we present a unique method for controlling lasing mode structures by introducing random phase fluctuation to a nearly degenerate cavit...
This erratum corrects typographical errors that appeared in Fig. 5 of our earlier manuscript [Optica 8, 880 (2021)OPTIC82334-253610.1364/OPTICA.423140].
We developed a rapid and efficient method for generating laser outputs with arbitrary shaped distributions and properties that are needed for a variety of applications. It is based on simultaneously controlling the intensity, phase, and coherence distributions of the laser. The method involves a digital degenerate cavity laser in which a phase-only...
A unique approach for steady in-phase locking of lasers in an array, regardless of the array geometry, position, orientation, period or size, is presented. The approach relies on the insertion of an intra-cavity Gaussian aperture in the far-field plane of the laser array. Steady in-phase locking of $90$ lasers, whose far-field patterns are comprise...
Our ability to generate new distributions of light has been remarkably enhanced in recent years. At the most fundamental level, these light patterns are obtained by ingeniously combining different electromagnetic modes. Interestingly, the modal superposition occurs in the spatial, temporal as well as spatio-temporal domain. This generalized concept...
Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians play an important role in many branches of physics, from quantum mechanics to acoustics. In particular, the realization of PT, and more recently -- anti-PT symmetries in optical systems has proved to be of great value from both the fundamental as well as the practical perspectives. Here, we study theoretically and demonst...
A rapid and efficient method for generating laser beams with controlled intensity, phase and coherence distributions is presented. It is based on a degenerate cavity laser in which a digital phase-only spatial light modulator is incorporated. We show that a variety of unique and high-resolution shaped laser beams can be generated with either a low...
Full-field imaging through scattering media is fraught with many challenges. Despite many achievements in recent years, current imaging methods are too slow to deal with fast dynamics that occur for example in biomedical imaging. Here we present an ultra-fast all-optical method, where the object to be imaged and the scattering medium (diffuser) are...
We present efficient fair sampling of ground-state manifold of XY spin Hamiltonian based on dissipatively coupled lasers that includes a massive parallelism. Our simulator could potentially be exploited to address various combinatorial optimization problems.
We demonstrate experimentally and validate theoretically an exact mapping between coupled-lasers networks and classical spin Hamiltonians by adjusting the loss rate of the individual lasers.
Synchronization of different and independent oscillators that interact with each other via a common intermediate is ubiquitous in many fields. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the effect of crowd synchrony, analogous to that of the Millennium Bridge, by resorting to coupled lasers. When the number of lasers is below a critical number, there is n...
Fast speckle suppression is crucial for time-resolved full-field imaging with laser illumination. Here, we introduce a method to accelerate the spatial decoherence of laser emission, achieving speckle suppression in the nanosecond integration time scale. The method relies on the insertion of an intracavity phase diffuser into a degenerate cavity la...
Fast speckle suppression is crucial for time-resolved full-field imaging with laser illumination. Here, we introduce a method to accelerate the spatial decoherence of laser emission, achieving speckle suppression in the nanosecond integration time scale. The method relies on the insertion of an intracavity phase diffuser into a degenerate cavity la...
Coupled oscillators such as lasers, optical parametric oscillators, and Bose-Einstein-condensate polaritons can rapidly and efficiently dissipate into a stable phase-locked state that can be mapped onto the minimal energy (ground state) of classical spin Hamiltonians. However, for degenerate or near-degenerate ground-state manifolds, statistical fa...
Recently, there has been growing interest in the utilization of physical systems as heuristic optimizers for classical spin Hamiltonians. A prominent approach employs gain-dissipative optical oscillator networks for this purpose. Unfortunately, these systems inherently suffer from an inexact mapping between the oscillator network loss rate and the...
Crowd synchrony, which corresponds to the synchronization of different and independent oscillators that interact with each other via a common intermediate, is ubiquitous in many fields. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the effect of crowd synchrony, analogous to that of the Millennium Bridge, by resorting to coupled lasers. When the number of la...
An arrangement based on a degenerate cavity laser for forming an array of nonlinearly coupled lasers with an intracavity saturable absorber is presented. More than 30 lasers were spatially phase locked and temporally Q switched. The arrangement with nonlinear coupling was found to be 25 times more sensitive to loss differences and converged five ti...
Recently, there has been growing interest in the utilisation of physical systems as heuristic optimisers for classical spin Hamiltonians. A prominent approach employs gain-dissipative optical oscillator networks for this purpose. Unfortunately, these systems inherently suffer from an inexact mapping between the oscillator network loss rate and the...
Coupled oscillators such as lasers, OPO's and BEC polaritons can rapidly and efficiently dissipate into a stable phase locked state that can be mapped onto the minimal energy (ground state) of classical spin Hamiltonians. However, for degenerate or near degenerate ground state manifolds, statistical fair sampling is required to obtain a complete kn...
Designs based on single diffractive-optical-elements for obtaining flat-top laser intensity distributions that remain constant over a long range during free-space propagation are presented. Flat-top beams with different orders n exhibit a different range of propagation. For various working distances z, the resulting flat-top beam yields a different...
The dynamics of topological defects in a system of coupled phase oscillators, arranged in one and two-dimensional arrays, was numerically investigated using the Kuramoto model. After a rapid decay of the number of topological defects, a long-time quasi steady state with few topological defects was detected. Two competing time scales governed the dy...
An arrangement based on a degenerate cavity laser for forming an array of non-linearly coupled lasers with an intra-cavity saturable absorber is presented. More than $30$ lasers were spatially phase locked and temporally Q-switched. The arrangement with nonlinear coupling was found to be $25$ times more sensitive to loss differences and converged $...
Tailored physical systems were recently exploited to rapidly solve hard computational challenges, such as spin simulators, combinatorial optimization, and focusing through scattering media. Here, we address the phase retrieval problem where an object is reconstructed from its scattered intensity distribution. This is a key problem in many applicati...
Two relatively simple designs based on diffractive optical elements (DOEs) are investigated for generating top-hat beams with extended depth of focus. The results reveal that the depth of focus extension strongly depends on the phase profiles at the output of the DOEs, and is longest for a flat profile.
A relatively simple technique for coupling lasers in an array is presented. It is based on the insertion of an intracavity optical element in the far-field plane of a degenerate cavity laser that is used to form an array of lasers. We show that it is possible to control the selection of the lasers to couple regardless of the array geometry. An intr...
The dynamics of dissipative topological defects in a system of coupled phase oscillators, arranged in one and two-dimensional arrays, is numerically investigated using the Kuramoto model. After an initial rapid decay of the number of topological defects, due to vortex-anti-vortex annihilation, we identify a long-time (quasi) steady state where the...
Lasers have enabled scientific and technological progress, owing to their high brightness and high coherence. However, the high spatial coherence of laser illumination is not always desirable, because it can cause adverse artefacts such as speckle noise. To reduce spatial coherence, new laser cavity geometries and alternative feedback mechanisms ha...
Spatial coherence quantifies spatial field correlations and is one of the fundamental properties of light. Here we investigate the spatial coherence of highly multimode lasers in the regime of short timescales. Counterintuitively, we show that in this regime, the temporal (longitudinal) modes play a crucial role in spatial coherence reduction. To e...
The invention of lasers 60 years ago is one of the greatest breakthroughs in modern optics. Throughout the years, lasers have enabled major scientific and technological advancements, and have been exploited in numerous applications due to their advantages such as high brightness and high coherence. However, the high spatial coherence of laser illum...
Two approaches for generating flat-top beams (uniform intensity profile) with extended depth of focus are presented. One involves two diffractive optical elements (DOEs) and the other only a single DOE. The results indicate that the depth of focus of such beams strongly depends on the phase distribution at the output of the DOEs. By having uniform...
Reconstructing an object solely from its scattered intensity distribution is a common problem that occurs in many applications. Currently, there are no efficient direct methods to reconstruct the object, though in many cases, with some prior knowledge, iterative algorithms result in reasonable reconstructions. Unfortunately, even with advanced comp...
Spatial coherence quantifies spatial field correlations over time, and is one of the fundamental properties of light. Here we investigate the spatial coherence of highly multimode lasers in the regime of short time scales. Counter intuitively, we show that in this regime, the temporal (longitudinal) modes play a crucial role in spatial coherence re...
Incorporation of a metasurface that involves spin-orbit interaction phenomenon into a laser cavity provides a route to the generation of spin-controlled intra-cavity modes with different topologies. By utilizing the geometric phase – Pancharatnam-Berry phase – we found a spin-enabled self-consistent cavity solution of a Nd:YAG laser with a silicon-...
A rapid and efficient all-optical method for forming propagation invariant shaped beams by exploiting the optical feedback of a laser cavity is presented. The method is based on the modified degenerate cavity laser (MDCL), which is a highly incoherent cavity laser. The MDCL has a very large number of degrees of freedom (320,000 modes in our system)...
Novel multi-tasking geometric phase metasurfaces were incorporated into a modified degenerate cavity laser as an output coupler to efficiently generate spin-dependent twisted light beams of different topologies. Multiple harmonic scalar vortex laser beams were formed by replacing the laser output coupler with a shared-aperture metasurface. A variet...
We present the incorporation of a metasurface involving spin-orbit interaction phenomenon into a laser cavity paving the way for the generation of spin-controlled intra-cavity modes with different topologies.
Topological defects have been observed and studied in a wide range of systems, such as cosmology, spin systems, cold atoms, and optics, as they are quenched across a phase transition into an ordered state. These defects limit the coherence of the system and its ability to approach a fully ordered state, so revealing their origin and control is beco...
Geometric phase metasurface elements were incorporated into laser cavities, to generate unique output beams. These include, coherent and partially coherent vortex beams, multiple harmonic vortex beams, and vectorial vortices
An all-optical approach for very rapidly solving inverse scattering problems by means of novel computer controlled digital degenerate cavity laser is presented, along with supporting simulated and experimental results
A novel digital degenerate cavity laser allows computer controlled generation of arbitrary output intensity distributions, propagation invariance of the output distribution, and rapid all-optical solution of inverse scattering problems.
Propagation invariant shaped beams are generated in a modified degenerate cavity laser. Such a cavity allows direct access to both the x-space and k-space components, thereby enabling control of the propagation properties of shaped beams.
Talbot diffraction, together with Fourier filtering, are incorporated into a degenerate laser cavity to demonstrate efficient and controlled phase locking of hundreds of coupled lasers formed in different geometries and having different phase distributions. Such a combined approach leads to higher efficiency, better control, and greater variety of...
Topologically protected defects have been observed and studied in a wide range of fields, such as cosmology, spin systems, cold atoms and optics as they are quenched across a phase transition into an ordered state. Revealing their origin and control is becoming increasingly important field of research, as they limit the coherence of the system and...
Optical processing inside a degenerate cavity laser is exploited for efficient control of the spatial coherence, unique phase locking of many coupled lasers, and rapid wavefront shaping. Supporting experimental and calculated results are presented.
Talbot diffraction coupling is exploited for controlling phase locking and demonstrating topological charge effects in laser arrays formed in a degenerate cavity. Experimental and calculated results for different array geometries are demonstrated.
Recent experimental results on controlling the output phase distributions and coherence of Nd:YAG solid-state lasers are presented. The control is achieved with a degenerate cavity configuration, diffractive coupling and intracavity spatial filters.
Efficient in-phase coupling of hundreds of lasers by means of combined Talbot cavity and intra-cavity spatial Fourier filtering is developed. Simulated and experimental results for square, triangular and honeycomb laser arrays are presented.
Efficient method for manipulating the spatial coherence of a laser is presented. Different mutual intensity coherence functions, such as cosine or Bessel functions, are obtained, and number of modes is controlled in 1D and 2D.
Second harmonic generation in coupled laser arrays is exploited to convert out-of-phase lasers into in-phase lasers and reveal hitherto unknown properties of some laser array geometries
An efficient method for controlling the spatial coherence has previously been demonstrated in a modified degenerate cavity laser. There, the degree of spatial coherence was controlled by changing the size of a circular aperture mask placed inside the cavity. In this paper, we extend the method and perform general manipulation of the spatial coheren...
The effects of topological charge on phase locking an array of coupled lasers are presented. This is done with even and odd number of lasers arranged on a ring geometry. With an even number of lasers the topological-charge effect is negligible, whereas with an odd number of lasers the topological-charge effect is clearly detected. Experimental and...
A novel method for converting an array of out-of-phase lasers into one of
in-phase lasers that can be tightly focused is presented. The method exploits
second harmonic generation and can be adapted for different laser arrays
geometries. Experimental and calculated results, presented for negatively
coupled lasers formed in a square, honeycomb, and t...
Talbot diffraction and Fourier filtering are incorporated into a degenerate laser cavity to obtain efficient phase locking of hundreds of lasers in a controlled manner. The addition of second harmonic generation converts an array of lasers with out-of-phase distribution into one with in-phase distribution, so the output light can be tightly focused...
Measuring polarization profile along an input optical beam cross-section using an optical system includes a polarization beam splitting assembly for splitting the input beam into a predetermined number of beam components with a predetermined polarization relation between them, and including a polarization beam splitter in an optical path of the inp...
The ability to control light through dynamically varying heterogeneous media could be important for applications ranging from free-space communication to laser therapy. The underlying challenge is to control an optical wavefront with a large number of degrees-of-freedom (DOF) faster than the medium dynamics.
The synchronization of chaotic lasers and the optical phase synchronization of light originating in multiple coupled lasers have both been extensively studied. However, the interplay between these two phenomena, especially at the network level, is unexplored. Here, we experimentally compare these phenomena by controlling the heterogeneity of the co...
An efficient method to tune the spatial coherence of a degenerate laser over a broad range with minimum variation in the total output power is presented. It is based on varying the diameter of a spatial filter inside the laser cavity. The number of lasing modes supported by the degenerate laser can be controlled from 1 to 320,000, with less than a...
This chapter presents some of the recent developments on fiber lasers. It describes the configurations and also presents the results of investigations on passive phase locking and coherent combining with a small number of fiber lasers. The chapter deals with phase locking and coherent combining of two fiber lasers, and then of four fiber lasers arr...
Geometric frustration, the inability of an ordered system to find a unique ground state plays a key role in a wide range of systems. We present a new experimental approach to observe large-scale geometric frustration with 1500 negatively coupled lasers arranged in a kagome lattice. We show how dissipation drives the lasers into a phase-locked state...
The synchronization of chaotic lasers and the optical phase
synchronization of light originating in multiple coupled lasers have
both been extensively studied, however, the interplay between these two
phenomena, especially at the network level is unexplored. Here we
experimentally compare chaos synchronization of laser networks with
heterogeneous c...
Focusing light through dynamically varying heterogeneous media is a
sought-after goal with important applications ranging from free-space
communication to nano-surgery. The underlying challenge is to control
the optical wavefront with a large number of degrees-of-freedom (DOF) at
timescales shorter than the medium dynamics. Recently, many advanceme...
A novel configuration for phase locking two ring lasers with self-stabilized minimal exchange of power between them is presented. We show experimentally that losses introduced between the lasers are self compensated in order to maintain minimal power exchange between them. The experimental results are in good agreement with numerical results.
Surface-relief resonance-domain diffraction gratings with deep and dense grooves provide considerable changes in light propagation direction, wavefront curvature, and nearly 100% Bragg diffraction efficiency usually attributed only to volume optical holograms. In this paper, we present design, computer simulation, fabrication, and experimental resu...
Resonance domain diffraction gratings with local periods near the
wavelength may have very high diffraction efficiencies. Unfortunately,
they are difficult to fabricate, especially for use with light in
visible and shorter wavelengths. We present several methods for
fabricating surface relief resonance domain diffraction gratings used in
the visibl...
We measure the statistics of phase locking levels of coupled fiber lasers with fluctuating cavity lengths. We found that the measured distribution of the phase locking level of such coupled lasers can be described by the generalized extreme value distribution. For large number of lasers the distribution of the phase locking level can be approximate...
A novel configuration for generating and amplifying singularly polarized light with fiber lasers and amplifiers is presented with > 85% polarization purity.
Selections from our recent developments in passive phase locking and
coherent combining of lasers are presented. These include the principles
of our approaches, lasers configurations, experimental procedures and
results with solid state lasers and fiber lasers.
The dynamics of modes and their states of polarizations in multimode fibers as a function of time, space, and wavelength are experimentally and theoretically investigated. The results reveal that the states of polarizations are displaced in Poincaré sphere representation when varying the angular orientations of the polarization at the incident ligh...
We determined the probability distribution of the combined output power from
twenty five coupled fiber lasers and show that it agrees well with the
Tracy-Widom, Majumdar-Vergassola and Vivo-Majumdar-Bohigas distributions of the
largest eigenvalue of Wishart random matrices with no fitting parameters. This
was achieved with $500,000$ measurements of...
Experimental realization for phase-locking large arrays of lasers arranged in a variety of 2D geometries is presented. Using our degenerate-cavity coupling between lasers is easily controlled giving rise to a variety of intriguing phase structures.
A new concept for focusing light through a randomly disordered media is demonstrated. Results show how by placing the randomly scattering media directly into a laser cavity tight focusing is accomplished in less than 600ns.
Synchronization in networks with delayed coupling are ubiquitous in nature
and play a key role in almost all fields of science including physics, biology,
ecology, climatology and sociology. In general, the published works on network
synchronization are based on data analysis and simulations, with little
experimental verification. Here we develop a...
Experimental realization for phase-locking large arrays of lasers arranged in a variety of 2D geometries is presented. Using our degenerate-cavity coupling between lasers is easily controlled giving rise to a variety of intriguing phase structures.
Experimental realization for phase locking several thousands of lasers arranged in a variety of 2D geometries is presented. Coupling ranges and sign are easily controlled giving rise to a variety of intriguing phase structures.
Structuring of optical surfaces with surface-relief diffractive optical elements is an enabling technology for achieving considerable spatially varying changes in light propagation direction and wavefront curvature. This way, Bragg effects, angular and spectral selectivity and nearly 100% diffraction efficiency usually attributed to volume optical...
We experimentally investigate the phase dynamics of laser networks with homogenous time-delayed mutual coupling and establish the fundamental rules that govern their state of synchronization. We identified a specific substructure that imposes its synchronization state on the entire network and show that for any coupling configuration the network fo...
We present the phase-locking and coherence properties between two weakly coupled lasers. We show how the degree of coherence between the two lasers can be enhanced by nearly 1 order of magnitude after taking into account the effects of coupling on both their phases as well as their amplitudes. Specifically, correlations between synchronized spikes...
A compact configuration for real-time achromatic measurements of space-variant light polarization is presented. The experimental results reveal that the full state of polarization at each location within a light beam or at each wavelength can be obtained with accuracy of over pi/18.
Citations
... A more scalable method involves passive phase-locking with mutual light injection between the lasers in the array [10][11][12][13], and it has been successfully used to phase-lock over a thousand coupled lasers [14]. Yet, passive phase-locking of many lasers can be challenging due to the requirement that their frequency detuning be sufficiently small compared to their coupling strength [15][16][17][18]. Experimentally, the lasing duration and the maximal pumping power of phase-locked laser arrays are limited due to inhomogeneities in the array caused by thermal effects. ...
... Moreover, we have evidenced that multitype spectral phases as well as NHSE are closely linked to the nonreciprocal transmission of the chain. Our approach is also experimentally feasible as nonconservative couplings have been realized in various systems, including optical systems [48,49], room-temperature atomic ensembles [50] and magnonics system [51,52]. Our findings not only provide new insights into the control of NHSE but also pave the way for advanced applications in controlling nonreciprocal energy flow. ...
... Multimode photonics is a novel research subject devoted to the generation and control of complex light states for applications to information processing, photonic computing, sensing, and imaging [1][2][3][4][5][6] . In lasers, the customization of the emitted spatial profile requires a degenerate cavity 7 and a broad-area pump. ...
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... As gain-dissipative optical oscillators, laser arrays are promising candidates for spin model solvers [19][20][21][22]. They also play an important role in the study of physical phenomena such as synchronization [14,23], topological lasing [24,25] and non-Hermitian physics [26][27][28]. Since phase-locking is essential in these applications and depends on the array's uniformity, our pump shaping method would allow the employment of larger laser arrays and the use of more efficient coupling schemes. ...
... Additionally imposing the nullification of the round-trip wavefront curvature does not only achieve the self-imaging condition (SIC) for the field intensity but also for its amplitude. Self-imaging cavities have attracted a great deal of attention for their rich spatiotemporal dynamics [5,10,[29][30][31][32] and for their application in speckle-free imaging [33,34], frequency comb multiplexing [35], and controllable and reconfigurable multimode fields [36,37]; see Ref. [38] for a review. The proximity of the SIC was used to manipulate the spatial coherence of the field [34,36,[39][40][41], create a perfect coherent absorber [42], realizing topological band structures [43], or to form propagation invariant beams [44]. ...
... (d) obtaining exact mapping to XY model by equalizing the amplitudes of laser channels [91] 图 10 简并腔激光器的结构图 ［81］ Fig. 10 Configuration of degenerate cavity laser [81] 封底文章·特邀综述 第 Fig. 12 Solving other computational problems based on DCL. (a) Highspeed wavefront shaping using a DCL [92] ; (b) rapidly solving the phase retrieval problem using a digital degenerate cavity laser (DDCL) [93] ; (c) generation of highresolution arbitraryshaped laser beams using a DDCL [94] ; (d) highspeed fullfield imaging through scattering media using a DCL [95] 封底文章·特邀综述 第 50 卷 第 11 期/2023 年 6 月/中国激光 Lasers, as highperformance light sources, play a crucial role in industrial manufacturing and scientific research. Generated by laser cavities, laser has been widely employed in fabrication, measurement, communication, medicine, and other fields. ...
Reference: 基于激光谐振腔的智能光子计算研究进展与挑战
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... This effect suppresses the portion of the light field or modifies the spatial intensity distribution of the light field diffused in the imaging plane. For example, a well-known Gaussian apodizer is characterized for far-field and PSF engineering [12,27], unlike a parabolic apodizer [18]. With a parabolic apodizer, the light transmittance increases radially at the exit pupil of an optical system. ...
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... Quantum processes play a critical role in many natural systems such as light-harvesting and photosynthetic complexes [1][2][3][4], biological vision [5,6] and light sensing [7][8][9][10] systems as well as in artificial photocatalytic [11][12][13][14] and photovoltaic [15][16][17] materials, materials for quantum sensing applications [18][19][20], or qubits [21][22][23], to name a few. Quantum coherence facilitates efficient and directional excitation energy transfer in the light-harvesting complexes [24][25][26], coupled electron-proton transfer [27][28][29], quantum tunneling [30][31][32], is critical to biological systems [33], and nonradiative energy relaxation, which realizes mechanisms of protection from the photodamage [34][35][36][37][38]. Exciton and multiple exciton generation [39,40], singlet fission [41][42][43][44][45][46][47], triplet energy transfer and sensitization [48][49][50], charge transfer [51][52][53] and charge carrier trapping [54,55] are examples of processes that determine the operation of artificial energy-harvesting and conversion materials. ...
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... Experimental Arrangement -To study the effects of detuning disorder on coupled oscillators, we use a modified digital degenerate cavity laser (DDCL) [18][19][20] to form 400 coupled lasers in a 20 by 20 square lattice. The experimental system, shown schematically in Fig. 1, includes a 4f telescope, an ND:YVO4 gain medium, a spatial light modulator (SLM) and a tunable coupling mechanism. ...
... The experimental results were close to the values indicating the best performance of the cavity. To approach higher order modes in the future, a new resonator design supporting large number of transverse modes, such as degenerated laser cavity in a self-imaging (4f) configuration can be used [53,64]. ...
