Anthony G Davison's research while affiliated with Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and other places

... The amount of oxygen is determined by the input voltage to the proportional solenoid valve from the D/A convert of the MCU that determines this amount based on the SpO 2 measurements and using oxygen administration algorithm. In the developed model, we used a simple algorithm to achieve a target saturation of 94-98 % for most acutely ill patients as stated in the guidelines for oxygen prescriptions guide from British Thoracic Society (BTS) (Welham et al. 2010). For the final system, we will implement the described algorithm in Fig. 1 of BTS Guidelines in Welham et al. (2010), which addresses the amount of oxygen that should be delivered to different types of patients based on their illness and needs. ...

... In the TIPAC trial, 21 we found that, of the patients in the placebo group not receiving prednisolone, 62% had an infection during the study. 24 In a meta-analysis 25 of patients allocated to the placebo group from clinical trials of patients with IPF, the mean reported rate of pneumonia among studies not permitting immunosuppression was 37.1 per 1000 patient-years, which is higher than in those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 26 Mortality from IPF increases in the winter even when recognised infection is not considered to be the cause of death. ...

... IPF is the most severe form of PF and, due to the irreversibility of PF, patients present a poor prognosis and a median survival of only 2-4 years after diagnosis [7]. The complex etiology and unclear pathogenesis of IPF result in limited and inefficient therapeutic strategies [8][9][10][11]. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of IPF is therefore essential to identify new therapeutic targets. ...

... Previous studies have reported that the imbalance between O 2 supply and the heart's demand may cause distant organ damages [3]. Hypoxia occurred in hearts may lead to cardiomyocyte injury, which is involved in various serious heart diseases such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke [4,5]. Therefore, inhibition of hypoxiainduced cardiomyocyte damages is a promising therapeutic strategy for hypoxic cardiac injury. ...

... Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new treatments to improve outcomes. Untreated patients with respiratory failure can lead to multiple organ failures, and oxygen therapy is the basic treatment measure to relieve dyspnea [1]. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) delivers a concentration of oxygen and high-flow gas through a nasal catheter. ...

... Reference to national and international clinical practice guidelines regarding acute oxygen therapy or HFNO varied amongst the LHGDs. Five documents referred to the 2015 Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand (TSANZ) Acute Oxygen Guidelines [16], three referred to the 2008 British Thoracic Society Guideline for Emergency Oxygen Use in Adults [17]. None referred to the 2017 update [18]. ...

... Approximately 34% of patients in ambulances receive some form of supplemental oxygen, as do around 15% of hospital inpatients in the UK. 38,39 Clear guidelines exist for the management of acutely unwell medical patients, but unlike the perioperative practice of delivering a set FiO 2 , more commonly these take the form of targeting a level of oxygenation in the patient (e.g. peripheral oxygen saturation, SpO 2 ). ...

... Assessment should be based on clinical and biochemical parameters (e.g., O 2 requirements, pH, etc.) (Grade C). 69 II. In patients in whom oxygen-induced hypercapnia is suspected, oxygen therapy should be titrated to maintain the 88%-92% target oxygen saturation range and not be abruptly stopped due to the risk of profound rebound hypoxaemia (Grade C). [71][72][73] Practice point: ...