Alexander P. Mackie's scientific contributions

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Publications (2)

Fig. 1. Maps showing (a) the location of the Discovery Islands in coastal British Columbia, Canada and (b) sea-level sites on Quadra and Read Islands. 
Fig. 2. Selected British Columbia sea level curves for Victoria (James et al., 2009a; Fedje et al., 2009), Dundas Island Archipelago (McLaren et al., 2011), Prince Rupert (Letham et al., 2016) and southern Haida Gwaii (Fedje et al., 2005). The global eustatic sea-level, as approximated by the Barbados sea-level curve, is also given (Peltier and Fairbanks, 2006). 
Fig. 3. Previous sea level curve for the northern Strait of Georgia (James et al., 2005). 
Fig. 4. Plant macrofossil and diatom proxies, combined with visual and textural sediment characteristics, aid in identification of the transition from marine (grey marine clay) to fresh water sediment (brown gyttja) at Blockhouse Bog. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.) 
Fig. 5. (a) 12,800 year-old marine mollusks exposed on the 6.6 m ahht shore of Village Bay Lake; (b) paleo-marine sediment exposed beneath clam garden wall at Kanish Bay. 

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A revised sea level history for the northern Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada
  • Article
  • Full-text available

July 2018

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1,502 Reads

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42 Citations

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Duncan McLaren

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Alexander P. Mackie

A refined relative sea level (RSL) history spanning the past 14,300 calendar years is described for the Quadra Island area in the northern Strait of Georgia on the Pacific coast of Canada. Here marine shorelines dating to the time of earliest post-glacial emergence are at least 197 m above present-day sea-level at 14,300 years ago. RSL fell rapidly, reaching two to three metres above present-day by 12,000 years ago. A series of raised marine terraces at ca. 4, 10 and 30 m above present day high tide level suggest the rapid fall in RSL during early post-glacial time may have been briefly interrupted by factors such as regional ice advances and recessions and global meltwater pulses generated by climatic variations. A possible minor sea-level transgression of 1–2 m around 12,000 to 11,400 years ago was followed by slow regression to modern levels. This sea-level reconstruction is providing critical input for efficient discovery and cataloging of late Pleistocene and early Holocene archaeological sites on ancient raised shorelines in the region. Integration of the sea-level history with LiDAR imagery has proven successful in locating a number of archaeological sites on these ancient shorelines.

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Citations (2)

... Pacific halibut can grow to be over 250 cm, weigh more than 230 kg (500 lbs.), and live for more than 50 years (Love 2011;Munk 2001). The earliest archaeological record of halibut fishing dates to 10,700 years BP in southern Haida Gwaii (Fedje et al. 2005), and halibut remains are present in several early and mid-Holocene sites in various parts of the Northwest Coast of North America, including southeast Alaska and British Columbia (e.g., Ackerman et al. 1985;Cannon 1991;Christensen and Stafford 2005;Frederick and Crockford 2005;Hillis et al. 2022;Moss 2011a). Despite poor preservation relative to other species (Orchard and Wigen 2016), halibut are the most frequently identified flatfish species in fine-screened late-Holocene archaeological assemblages across the region (McKechnie and Moss 2016:475) and contribute considerably to the total weight of fish caught due to their large size (Hillis et al. 2022). ...

Reference:

An Examination of Indigenous Halibut Fishing Technology on the Northwest Coast of North America
Kilgii Gwaay: An Early Maritime Site in the South of Haida Gwaii
  • Citing Chapter

  • January 2005

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Alexander P. Mackie

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Rebecca J. Wigen

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Cynthia Lake

... Boxes indicate areas from which data for reconstruction were derived; RSL curves are indicated on the right side of the figure. RSL data is compiled from Baichtal et al. (2021); Clague et al. (1982); Dallimore et al. (2008); Engelhart et al. (2015); Fedje et al. (2009Fedje et al. ( , 2018; Friele and Hutchinson (1993); James et al. (2002James et al. ( , 2005James et al. ( , 2009); Letham et al. (2016Letham et al. ( , 2021; McLaren et al. (2011McLaren et al. ( , 2014; and Shugar et al. (2014). Archaeological sites with radiocarbon ages >11,500 cal. ...

Reference:

Placemaking on the Northwest Coast of North America
A revised sea level history for the northern Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Duncan McLaren

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Alexander P. Mackie