Ahmed Elkashif's research while affiliated with Purdue University and other places
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Publications (11)
Because of continual generation of new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it is critical to design the next generation of vaccines to combat the threat posed by SARS-CoV-2 variants. We developed human adenovirus (HAd) vector-based vaccines (HAd-Spike/C5 and HAd-Spike) that express the whole Spike (S) protein o...
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a high-priority pathogen of concern due to the growing prevalence of resistance development against approved antibiotics. Herein, we report the anti-gonococcal activity of ethoxzolamide, the FDA-approved human carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Ethoxzolamide displayed an MIC50, against a panel of N. gonorrhoeae isolates, of 0.12...
Since the development of the first vaccine against smallpox over two centuries ago, vaccination strategies have been at the forefront of significantly impacting the incidences of infectious diseases globally. However, the increase in the human population, deforestation and climate change, and the rise in worldwide travel have favored the emergence...
Several human adenoviral (Ad) vectors have been developed for vaccine delivery owing to their numerous advantages, including the feasibility of different vector designs, the robustness of elicited immune responses, safety, and scalability. To expand the repertoire of Ad vectors for receptor usage and circumvention of Ad vector immunity, the use of...
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an urgent threat to public health in the United States and around the world. Many of the current classes of antibiotics to treat N. gonorrhoeae infection are quickly becoming obsolete due to increased rates of resistance. Thus, there is a critical need for alternative antimicrobial targets and new chemical entities. Our tea...
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) represent a major public health threat that requires the development of new therapeutics. In the present study, acetazolamide (AZM) was evaluated against enterococci. It inhibited different enterococcal strains tested at clinically achievable concentrations. Moreover, AZM outperformed linezolid, the drug of ch...
Ever since the discovery of vaccines, many deadly diseases have been contained worldwide, ultimately culminating in the eradication of smallpox and polio, which represented significant medical achievements in human health. However, this does not account for the threat influenza poses on public health. The currently licensed seasonal influenza vacci...
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are the second leading cause of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) attributed to a drug-resistant bacterium in the United States and resistance to the frontline treatments is well documented. To combat VRE, we have repurposed the FDA-approved carbonic anhydrase drug acetazolamide to design potent anti-enteroc...
Wound-associated infections are a significant and rising health concern throughout the world owing to aging population, prevalence of diabetes, and obesity. In addition, the rapid increase of life-threatening antibiotic resistant infections has resulted in challenging wound complications with limited choices of effective therapeutics. Recently, top...
Neisseria gonorrhoeae represents an urgent public health threat due to the rapid emergence of resistance to current antibiotics and the limited number of anti-gonococcal agents currently in clinical trials. This study utilized a drug repositioning strategy to investigate FDA-approved gold-containing drugs against N. gonorrhoeae. Auranofin, sodium a...
Copper (Cu) and its alloys have been shown to eradicate a wide range of multidrug‐resistant microbes upon direct contact. In this study, a facile one‐step laser texturing (LT) process is demonstrated to effectively enhance the bactericidal properties of copper surfaces via concurrent selective modification of surface topography and chemistry of las...
Citations
... Modulation of autophagy seems a promising target against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-protein) related diseases to shed light on developing novel therapeutic platforms [68]. Recent research found that autophagyinduced peptide C5 using human adenovirus (HAd) vector-based vaccine results in better cell-mediated immune response against SARS-CoV-2 when compared to the HAd vector-based vaccine with S protein alone [69]. ...
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... several enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase and acetylcholinesterase disrupting key biological processes essential for treatment of wide range of diseases. 28 targeted inhibition of specific enzymes involved in vital pathways can impede the infectious agents, offering a promising avenue for the development of antiviral and antibacterial therapeutics. similarly, saRs-coV-2 enzyme inhibitors, especially M pro , the key protease, was proved as one of the fundamental strategies to impact this virus. ...
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... Adenovirus (Ad)-based vectors are highly efficient gene transfer vectors widely used in vaccine development [1,2] and a variety of gene therapy applications [3]. The Ad-based vaccine platform represents an attractive strategy as it induces robust humoral and cellmediated immune responses, with proven safety and vaccine efficacy, and can meet the global demand in a pandemic situation. ...
... Although the HAd-C5-NP(H7N9) and HAd-NP(H7N9) showed very promising results as broadly protective influenza vaccine candidates, the pre-existing immunity against HAds is widely prevalent [78] and can affect the vaccine efficacy, particularly following the repeat immunization with the same vector. To avoid this drawback, we are currently developing a broadly protective influenza vaccine using a bovine Ad vector which has shown its ability to avoid HAd pre-existing immunity [79]. ...
... Apart from ROS defense, numerous plant compounds exhibit potent antimicrobial activities, often present in volatile oils. Small molecules like monoterpenes penetrate microbial cell walls, disrupting essential enzymatic pathways [5] . Thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, and other volatile plant components serve as notable antimicrobials [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . ...
... The MICs of the selected compounds were determined against a panel of clinically important bacterial strains using the broth microdilution method as described elsewhere [51][52][53][54][55]. Briefly, a bacterial solution equivalent to 0.5 McFarland standard was prepared and diluted in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CAMHB) (for staphylococci and E. coli) or tryptic soy broth (TSB) (for VRE and S. pneumoniae), to achieve a bacterial concentration of about 5 × 10 5 CFU/mL. ...
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... Nonetheless, it is well known that simply increasing the interval may boost responses. However, the association of the increased antibody titers with delayed intervals has not been clearly demonstrated in any of the cited studies to be directly attributable to the level of anti-vector-neutralising antibodies [15]. ...
... The mammalian CA inhibitor acetazolamide sensitizes E. faecalis with intact a-CA to killing with gentamicin. Acetazolamide is a broad-range CA inhibitor that has been shown to be effective against several bacterial species, including clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) (30). We tested whether acetazolamide coincubation could sensitize E. faecalis to the bactericidal effects of gentamicin by testing a panel of genetically diverse E. faecalis strains including DVT809 and eight other strains predicted to have an intact a-CA, including six strains collected from patients with E. faecalis endophthalmitis (31). ...
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... Samples were withdrawn at 2, 4, 8, and 24 h, plated onto TSB agar after serial dilution, and compared to control conditions. [73,74] The experiments were conducted in triplicate, and averages were reported. ...
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... Importantly, it has been found to inhibit the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 by cervical cells and have a long-lasting post-antibiotic effect. Auranofin has also exhibited antibacterial activity against MRSA and VRE strains, and C. difficile causing ulcerative colitis (Elkashif and Seleem, 2020). ...
